具有误导性

评分: 3.0/10

Coalition
C0691

声明内容

“声称取消大学学费上限将导致学费下降。”
原始来源: Matthew Davis

原始来源

✅ 事实核查

该gāi gāi 说法shuō fǎ shuō fǎ 准确zhǔn què zhǔn què 反映fǎn yìng fǎn yìng 了le le 教育部长jiào yù bù zhǎng jiào yù bù zhǎng ChristopherChristopher Christopher PynePyne Pyne 在zài zài 20142014 2014 年nián nián 66 6 月yuè yuè 的de de 言论yán lùn yán lùn 。。 。
The claim accurately reflects statements made by Education Minister Christopher Pyne in June 2014.
在zài zài 澳大利亚广播公司ào dà lì yà guǎng bō gōng sī ào dà lì yà guǎng bō gōng sī (( ( ABCABC ABC )) ) 的de de 《《 《 InsidersInsiders Insiders 》》 》 节目jié mù jié mù 中zhōng zhōng ,, , PynePyne Pyne 表示biǎo shì biǎo shì :: : "" " 如果rú guǒ rú guǒ 大学dà xué dà xué 认为rèn wéi rèn wéi 他们tā men tā men 可以kě yǐ kě yǐ 收取shōu qǔ shōu qǔ 过高guò gāo guò gāo 的de de 学费xué fèi xué fèi ,, , 我wǒ wǒ 想xiǎng xiǎng 你nǐ nǐ 会huì huì 发现fā xiàn fā xiàn 它们tā men tā men 将jiāng jiāng 面临miàn lín miàn lín 非常fēi cháng fēi cháng 激烈jī liè jī liè 的de de 竞争jìng zhēng jìng zhēng …… … …… … 竞争jìng zhēng jìng zhēng 将jiāng jiāng 压低yā dī yā dī 价格jià gé jià gé ,, , 学生xué shēng xué shēng 将jiāng jiāng 在zài zài 质量zhì liàng zhì liàng 和hé hé 价格jià gé jià gé 方面fāng miàn fāng miàn 成为chéng wéi chéng wéi 赢家yíng jiā yíng jiā "" " [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
On ABC's Insiders program, Pyne stated: "If universities think they can get away with charging exorbitant fees I think you'll find that they'll face very intense competition... competition will drive prices down and students will be the winner in terms of quality and price" [1].
背景bèi jǐng bèi jǐng 是shì shì AbbottAbbott Abbott 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 在zài zài 20142014 2014 -- - 1515 15 年度预算nián dù yù suàn nián dù yù suàn 中zhōng zhōng 提出tí chū tí chū 的de de 大学dà xué dà xué 学费xué fèi xué fèi 放宽fàng kuān fàng kuān 管制guǎn zhì guǎn zhì 提案tí àn tí àn ,, , 取消qǔ xiāo qǔ xiāo 对duì duì 国内guó nèi guó nèi 本科生běn kē shēng běn kē shēng 收费shōu fèi shōu fèi 的de de 上限shàng xiàn shàng xiàn 。。 。
The context was the Abbott government's 2014-15 budget proposal to deregulate university fees, removing the cap on how much universities could charge domestic undergraduate students.
这zhè zhè 与yǔ yǔ 每位měi wèi měi wèi 学生xué shēng xué shēng 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 拨款bō kuǎn bō kuǎn 减少jiǎn shǎo jiǎn shǎo 20%20% 20% 相配套xiāng pèi tào xiāng pèi tào [[ [ 22 2 ]] ] 。。 。
This was coupled with a 20% reduction in government funding per student place [2].
墨尔本大学mò ěr běn dà xué mò ěr běn dà xué 副校长fù xiào zhǎng fù xiào zhǎng GlynGlyn Glyn DavisDavis Davis 警告jǐng gào jǐng gào ,, , 社会科学shè huì kē xué shè huì kē xué 学费xué fèi xué fèi 需要xū yào xū yào 上涨shàng zhǎng shàng zhǎng 45%45% 45% ,, , 科学kē xué kē xué 上涨shàng zhǎng shàng zhǎng 54%54% 54% ,, , 工程gōng chéng gōng chéng 上涨shàng zhǎng shàng zhǎng 61%61% 61% ,, , 才能cái néng cái néng 弥补mí bǔ mí bǔ 资金zī jīn zī jīn 削减xuē jiǎn xuē jiǎn ,, , 学生xué shēng xué shēng 将jiāng jiāng "" " 为wèi wèi 这种zhè zhǒng zhè zhǒng 增加zēng jiā zēng jiā 的de de 债务zhài wù zhài wù 得不到dé bú dào dé bú dào 任何rèn hé rèn hé 新xīn xīn 东西dōng xī dōng xī "" " [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
University of Melbourne Vice-Chancellor Glyn Davis warned that fees would need to rise by 45% for social sciences, 54% for science, and 61% for engineering just to compensate for funding cuts, with students getting "nothing new for this increased debt" [1].
PynePyne Pyne 反驳fǎn bó fǎn bó 说shuō shuō ,, , 院校yuàn xiào yuàn xiào 之间zhī jiān zhī jiān 的de de 市场竞争shì chǎng jìng zhēng shì chǎng jìng zhēng (( ( 将jiāng jiāng 墨尔本mò ěr běn mò ěr běn 、、 、 莫mò mò 纳什nà shén nà shén 、、 、 拉筹伯和迪肯lā chóu bó hé dí kěn lā chóu bó hé dí kěn 列为liè wèi liè wèi 竞争对手jìng zhēng duì shǒu jìng zhēng duì shǒu )) ) 将jiāng jiāng 阻止zǔ zhǐ zǔ zhǐ 过高guò gāo guò gāo 的de de 学费xué fèi xué fèi 上涨shàng zhǎng shàng zhǎng [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
Pyne countered that market competition between institutions (citing Melbourne, Monash, La Trobe, and Deakin as competitors) would prevent excessive fee rises [1].
这项zhè xiàng zhè xiàng 放宽fàng kuān fàng kuān 管制guǎn zhì guǎn zhì 提案tí àn tí àn 于yú yú 20152015 2015 年nián nián 33 3 月yuè yuè 在zài zài 参议院cān yì yuàn cān yì yuàn 以yǐ yǐ 3434 34 票piào piào 对duì duì 3030 30 票piào piào 被bèi bèi 否决fǒu jué fǒu jué ,, , 工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng 、、 、 绿党lǜ dǎng lǜ dǎng 和hé hé 五名wǔ míng wǔ míng 独立dú lì dú lì 参议员cān yì yuán cān yì yuán 联合lián hé lián hé 反对fǎn duì fǎn duì 该gāi gāi 法案fǎ àn fǎ àn [[ [ 33 3 ]] ] 。。 。
The proposed deregulation was defeated in the Senate in March 2015 by a vote of 34 to 30, with Labor, the Greens, and five crossbenchers combining against the bill [3].
因此yīn cǐ yīn cǐ ,, , PynePyne Pyne 关于guān yú guān yú 竞争jìng zhēng jìng zhēng 将jiāng jiāng 压低yā dī yā dī 学费xué fèi xué fèi 的de de 说法shuō fǎ shuō fǎ 从未cóng wèi cóng wèi 在zài zài 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 语境yǔ jìng yǔ jìng 中zhōng zhōng 得到dé dào dé dào 实际shí jì shí jì 验证yàn zhèng yàn zhèng 。。 。
Therefore, Pyne's claim about competition driving fees down was never actually tested in the Australian context.

缺失背景

该gāi gāi 说法shuō fǎ shuō fǎ 遗漏yí lòu yí lòu 了le le 几个jǐ gè jǐ gè 关键guān jiàn guān jiàn 背景bèi jǐng bèi jǐng :: :
The claim omits several critical pieces of context: 1. **The policy was never implemented**: Since the deregulation bill was defeated in the Senate, Pyne's theoretical claim about competition lowering fees was never put to the test.
11 1 .. . ** * ** * 政策zhèng cè zhèng cè 从未cóng wèi cóng wèi 实施shí shī shí shī ** * ** * :: : 由于yóu yú yóu yú 放宽fàng kuān fàng kuān 管制guǎn zhì guǎn zhì 法案fǎ àn fǎ àn 在zài zài 参议院cān yì yuàn cān yì yuàn 被bèi bèi 否决fǒu jué fǒu jué ,, , PynePyne Pyne 关于guān yú guān yú 竞争jìng zhēng jìng zhēng 降低jiàng dī jiàng dī 学费xué fèi xué fèi 的de de 理论性lǐ lùn xìng lǐ lùn xìng 说法shuō fǎ shuō fǎ 从未cóng wèi cóng wèi 得到dé dào dé dào 验证yàn zhèng yàn zhèng 。。 。
It remains a hypothetical assertion rather than a tested outcome [3]. 2. **Funding cuts drove the need for fee increases**: The fee deregulation was coupled with a 20% cut in per-student Commonwealth contributions.
它tā tā 仍然réng rán réng rán 是shì shì 一个yí gè yí gè 假设性jiǎ shè xìng jiǎ shè xìng 断言duàn yán duàn yán ,, , 而ér ér 非fēi fēi 经过jīng guò jīng guò 检验jiǎn yàn jiǎn yàn 的de de 结果jié guǒ jié guǒ [[ [ 33 3 ]] ] 。。 。
Universities would have needed to raise fees significantly just to maintain existing revenue levels [2].
22 2 .. . ** * ** * 资金zī jīn zī jīn 削减xuē jiǎn xuē jiǎn 推动tuī dòng tuī dòng 学费xué fèi xué fèi 上涨shàng zhǎng shàng zhǎng 需求xū qiú xū qiú ** * ** * :: : 学费xué fèi xué fèi 放宽fàng kuān fàng kuān 管制guǎn zhì guǎn zhì 与yǔ yǔ 每位měi wèi měi wèi 学生xué shēng xué shēng 联邦政府lián bāng zhèng fǔ lián bāng zhèng fǔ 拨款bō kuǎn bō kuǎn 减少jiǎn shǎo jiǎn shǎo 20%20% 20% 相配套xiāng pèi tào xiāng pèi tào 。。 。
As Glyn Davis noted, the budget measures "compound large cuts introduced under the Labor Government in 2012 and 2013" [1]. 3. **International evidence contradicts the claim**: The UK deregulated fees in 2012, and fees rose from £3,375 to £9,000 per year at nearly all universities - the maximum allowed [4].
大学dà xué dà xué 需要xū yào xū yào 大幅提高dà fú tí gāo dà fú tí gāo 学费xué fèi xué fèi 才能cái néng cái néng 维持wéi chí wéi chí 现有xiàn yǒu xiàn yǒu 收入水平shōu rù shuǐ píng shōu rù shuǐ píng [[ [ 22 2 ]] ] 。。 。
This suggests that in practice, deregulation with caps leads to fees clustering at the cap maximum, not competitive downward pressure. 4. **Postgraduate fees already deregulated**: Postgraduate and international student fees had been deregulated for over 20 years, and fees in these areas had risen substantially without evidence of competitive price reduction [5].
正如zhèng rú zhèng rú GlynGlyn Glyn DavisDavis Davis 所suǒ suǒ 指出zhǐ chū zhǐ chū 的de de ,, , 预算yù suàn yù suàn 措施cuò shī cuò shī "" " 加剧jiā jù jiā jù 了le le 工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 在zài zài 20122012 2012 年nián nián 和hé hé 20132013 2013 年nián nián 引入yǐn rù yǐn rù 的de de 大幅dà fú dà fú 削减xuē jiǎn xuē jiǎn "" " [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
33 3 .. . ** * ** * 国际guó jì guó jì 证据zhèng jù zhèng jù 与yǔ yǔ 该gāi gāi 说法shuō fǎ shuō fǎ 矛盾máo dùn máo dùn ** * ** * :: : 英国yīng guó yīng guó 于yú yú 20122012 2012 年nián nián 放宽fàng kuān fàng kuān 学费xué fèi xué fèi 管制guǎn zhì guǎn zhì ,, , 几乎jī hū jī hū 所有suǒ yǒu suǒ yǒu 大学dà xué dà xué 的de de 学费xué fèi xué fèi 都dōu dōu 从cóng cóng 每年měi nián měi nián 33 3 ,, , 375375 375 英镑yīng bàng yīng bàng 上涨shàng zhǎng shàng zhǎng 到dào dào 99 9 ,, , 000000 000 英镑yīng bàng yīng bàng —— — —— — 达到dá dào dá dào 了le le 允许yǔn xǔ yǔn xǔ 的de de 最高zuì gāo zuì gāo 限额xiàn é xiàn é [[ [ 44 4 ]] ] 。。 。
这zhè zhè 表明biǎo míng biǎo míng 实际上shí jì shàng shí jì shàng ,, , 在zài zài 有yǒu yǒu 上限shàng xiàn shàng xiàn 的de de 放宽fàng kuān fàng kuān 管制guǎn zhì guǎn zhì 下xià xià ,, , 学费xué fèi xué fèi 会huì huì 聚集jù jí jù jí 在zài zài 上限shàng xiàn shàng xiàn 最高值zuì gāo zhí zuì gāo zhí ,, , 而ér ér 非fēi fēi 竞争性jìng zhēng xìng jìng zhēng xìng 下行xià xíng xià xíng 压力yā lì yā lì 。。 。
44 4 .. . ** * ** * 研究生yán jiū shēng yán jiū shēng 学费xué fèi xué fèi 已yǐ yǐ 放宽fàng kuān fàng kuān 管制guǎn zhì guǎn zhì ** * ** * :: : 研究生yán jiū shēng yán jiū shēng 和hé hé 国际guó jì guó jì 学生xué shēng xué shēng 学费xué fèi xué fèi 已yǐ yǐ 放宽fàng kuān fàng kuān 管制guǎn zhì guǎn zhì 2020 20 多年duō nián duō nián ,, , 这些zhè xiē zhè xiē 领域lǐng yù lǐng yù 的de de 学费xué fèi xué fèi 大幅dà fú dà fú 上涨shàng zhǎng shàng zhǎng ,, , 没有méi yǒu méi yǒu 竞争性jìng zhēng xìng jìng zhēng xìng 降价jiàng jià jiàng jià 证据zhèng jù zhèng jù [[ [ 55 5 ]] ] 。。 。

来源可信度评估

原始yuán shǐ yuán shǐ 来源lái yuán lái yuán 是shì shì ABCABC ABC 新闻xīn wén xīn wén ,, , 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 国家guó jiā guó jiā 公共广播gōng gòng guǎng bō gōng gòng guǎng bō 公司gōng sī gōng sī 。。 。
The original source is ABC News, Australia's national public broadcaster.
ABCABC ABC 新闻xīn wén xīn wén 被bèi bèi 广泛guǎng fàn guǎng fàn 认为rèn wéi rèn wéi 是shì shì 主流zhǔ liú zhǔ liú 、、 、 信誉xìn yù xìn yù 良好liáng hǎo liáng hǎo 的de de 新闻来源xīn wén lái yuán xīn wén lái yuán ,, , 具有jù yǒu jù yǒu 编辑biān jí biān jí 独立性dú lì xìng dú lì xìng 。。 。
ABC News is widely regarded as a mainstream, reputable news source with editorial independence.
该gāi gāi 文章wén zhāng wén zhāng 既jì jì 呈现chéng xiàn chéng xiàn 了le le PynePyne Pyne 的de de 立场lì chǎng lì chǎng ,, , 也yě yě 呈现chéng xiàn chéng xiàn 了le le 反对党fǎn duì dǎng fǎn duì dǎng 领袖lǐng xiù lǐng xiù BillBill Bill ShortenShorten Shorten 和hé hé 墨尔本大学mò ěr běn dà xué mò ěr běn dà xué 副校长fù xiào zhǎng fù xiào zhǎng GlynGlyn Glyn DavisDavis Davis 的de de 反驳fǎn bó fǎn bó 论点lùn diǎn lùn diǎn ,, , 展示zhǎn shì zhǎn shì 了le le 平衡píng héng píng héng 报道bào dào bào dào [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
The article presents both Pyne's position and counter-arguments from Opposition Leader Bill Shorten and University of Melbourne Vice-Chancellor Glyn Davis, demonstrating balanced reporting [1].
ABCABC ABC 文章wén zhāng wén zhāng 是shì shì 事实shì shí shì shí 报道bào dào bào dào 而ér ér 非fēi fēi 观点guān diǎn guān diǎn ,, , 在zài zài 呈现chéng xiàn chéng xiàn 上shàng shàng 没有méi yǒu méi yǒu 党派dǎng pài dǎng pài 偏见piān jiàn piān jiàn 的de de 证据zhèng jù zhèng jù 。。 。
The ABC article is factual reporting rather than opinion, and there is no evidence of partisan bias in the presentation.
该gāi gāi 说法shuō fǎ shuō fǎ 直接zhí jiē zhí jiē 来自lái zì lái zì PynePyne Pyne 在zài zài 政治zhèng zhì zhèng zhì 事务shì wù shì wù 节目jié mù jié mù 中zhōng zhōng 的de de 言论yán lùn yán lùn 。。 。
The claim itself comes directly from Pyne's statements on a political affairs program.
⚖️

工党对比

** * ** * 工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng 是否shì fǒu shì fǒu 做过zuò guò zuò guò 类似lèi sì lèi sì 的de de 事情shì qíng shì qíng ?? ?
**Did Labor do something similar?** Search conducted: "Labor government university fees HECS policy history" Finding: Labor has a complex history with university fees: 1. **1974**: The Whitlam Labor government abolished university fees entirely, making tertiary education free [6]. 2. **1989**: The Hawke Labor government re-introduced fees through the Higher Education Contribution Scheme (HECS), the world's first income-contingent loan scheme [6][7].
** * ** *
This was a significant reversal of the Whitlam policy. 3. **2012-2013**: The Gillard Labor government cut university funding by $2.3 billion, with Vice-Chancellor Davis noting these cuts were "large" and compounded by the subsequent Coalition cuts [1].
搜索sōu suǒ sōu suǒ 查询chá xún chá xún :: : "" " LaborLabor Labor governmentgovernment government universityuniversity university feesfees fees HECSHECS HECS policypolicy policy historyhistory history "" "
Labor's position in 2014 was strongly opposed to fee deregulation.
发现fā xiàn fā xiàn :: : 工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng 在zài zài 大学dà xué dà xué 学费xué fèi xué fèi 问题wèn tí wèn tí 上shàng shàng 有yǒu yǒu 复杂fù zá fù zá 的de de 历史lì shǐ lì shǐ :: :
Opposition Leader Bill Shorten stated: "[They] time and time and time again refused to guarantee that we won't see the rise of $100,000 science degrees" [1]. **Comparison**: Both major parties have implemented significant changes to university funding that increased costs for students.
11 1 .. . ** * ** * 19741974 1974 年nián nián ** * ** * :: : WhitlamWhitlam Whitlam 工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 完全wán quán wán quán 废除fèi chú fèi chú 大学dà xué dà xué 学费xué fèi xué fèi ,, , 使shǐ shǐ 高等教育gāo děng jiào yù gāo děng jiào yù 免费miǎn fèi miǎn fèi [[ [ 66 6 ]] ] 。。 。
Labor introduced HECS (1989) and made funding cuts (2012-2013), while the Coalition proposed deregulation with associated funding cuts (2014).
22 2 .. . ** * ** * 19891989 1989 年nián nián ** * ** * :: : HawkeHawke Hawke 工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 通过tōng guò tōng guò 高等教育gāo děng jiào yù gāo děng jiào yù 贡献gòng xiàn gòng xiàn 计划jì huà jì huà (( ( HECSHECS HECS )) ) 重新chóng xīn chóng xīn 引入yǐn rù yǐn rù 学费xué fèi xué fèi ,, , 这是zhè shì zhè shì 世界shì jiè shì jiè 上shàng shàng 首个shǒu gè shǒu gè 按àn àn 收入shōu rù shōu rù 比例bǐ lì bǐ lì 贷款dài kuǎn dài kuǎn 计划jì huà jì huà [[ [ 66 6 ]] ] [[ [ 77 7 ]] ] 。。 。
The key difference is that Labor's HECS was an innovative, internationally-recognized income-contingent model, whereas the Coalition's deregulation proposal followed the UK/US model where fees had risen dramatically.
这zhè zhè 是shì shì 对duì duì WhitlamWhitlam Whitlam 政策zhèng cè zhèng cè 的de de 重大zhòng dà zhòng dà 逆转nì zhuǎn nì zhuǎn 。。 。
33 3 .. . ** * ** * 20122012 2012 -- - 20132013 2013 年nián nián ** * ** * :: : GillardGillard Gillard 工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 削减xuē jiǎn xuē jiǎn 大学dà xué dà xué 资金zī jīn zī jīn 2323 23 亿澳元yì ào yuán yì ào yuán ,, , 副校长fù xiào zhǎng fù xiào zhǎng DavisDavis Davis 指出zhǐ chū zhǐ chū 这些zhè xiē zhè xiē 削减xuē jiǎn xuē jiǎn "" " 数额shù é shù é 巨大jù dà jù dà "" " ,, , 并bìng bìng 被bèi bèi 随后suí hòu suí hòu 的de de 联盟党lián méng dǎng lián méng dǎng 削减xuē jiǎn xuē jiǎn 所suǒ suǒ 加剧jiā jù jiā jù [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng 在zài zài 20142014 2014 年nián nián 的de de 立场lì chǎng lì chǎng 是shì shì 强烈qiáng liè qiáng liè 反对fǎn duì fǎn duì 学费xué fèi xué fèi 放宽fàng kuān fàng kuān 管制guǎn zhì guǎn zhì 。。 。
反对党fǎn duì dǎng fǎn duì dǎng 领袖lǐng xiù lǐng xiù BillBill Bill ShortenShorten Shorten 表示biǎo shì biǎo shì :: : "" " 他们tā men tā men 一次yī cì yī cì 又yòu yòu 一次yī cì yī cì 地dì dì 拒绝jù jué jù jué 保证bǎo zhèng bǎo zhèng 我们wǒ men wǒ men 不会bú huì bú huì 看到kàn dào kàn dào 1010 10 万澳元wàn ào yuán wàn ào yuán 科学kē xué kē xué 学位xué wèi xué wèi 的de de 出现chū xiàn chū xiàn "" " [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
** * ** * 比较bǐ jiào bǐ jiào ** * ** * :: : 两大党liǎng dà dǎng liǎng dà dǎng 都dōu dōu 实施shí shī shí shī 了le le 对duì duì 学生xué shēng xué shēng 增加zēng jiā zēng jiā 成本chéng běn chéng běn 的de de 大学dà xué dà xué 资金zī jīn zī jīn 重大zhòng dà zhòng dà 变革biàn gé biàn gé 。。 。
工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng 引入yǐn rù yǐn rù 了le le HECSHECS HECS (( ( 19891989 1989 年nián nián )) ) 并bìng bìng 进行jìn xíng jìn xíng 资金zī jīn zī jīn 削减xuē jiǎn xuē jiǎn (( ( 20122012 2012 -- - 20132013 2013 年nián nián )) ) ,, , 而ér ér 联盟党lián méng dǎng lián méng dǎng 提出tí chū tí chū 了le le 放宽fàng kuān fàng kuān 管制guǎn zhì guǎn zhì 并bìng bìng 伴随bàn suí bàn suí 资金zī jīn zī jīn 削减xuē jiǎn xuē jiǎn (( ( 20142014 2014 年nián nián )) ) 。。 。
关键guān jiàn guān jiàn 区别qū bié qū bié 在于zài yú zài yú ,, , 工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng 的de de HECSHECS HECS 是shì shì 一个yí gè yí gè 创新chuàng xīn chuàng xīn 的de de 、、 、 国际guó jì guó jì 认可rèn kě rèn kě 的de de 收入shōu rù shōu rù 比例bǐ lì bǐ lì 模式mó shì mó shì ,, , 而ér ér 联盟党lián méng dǎng lián méng dǎng 的de de 放宽fàng kuān fàng kuān 管制guǎn zhì guǎn zhì 提案tí àn tí àn 遵循zūn xún zūn xún 了le le 英国yīng guó yīng guó // / 美国měi guó měi guó 模式mó shì mó shì ,, , 在zài zài 这些zhè xiē zhè xiē 国家guó jiā guó jiā 学费xué fèi xué fèi 大幅dà fú dà fú 上涨shàng zhǎng shàng zhǎng 。。 。
🌐

平衡视角

PynePyne Pyne 的de de 说法shuō fǎ shuō fǎ 基于jī yú jī yú 标准biāo zhǔn biāo zhǔn 的de de 市场竞争shì chǎng jìng zhēng shì chǎng jìng zhēng 理论lǐ lùn lǐ lùn :: : 大学dà xué dà xué 将jiāng jiāng 在zài zài 价格jià gé jià gé 上shàng shàng 竞争jìng zhēng jìng zhēng 以yǐ yǐ 吸引xī yǐn xī yǐn 学生xué shēng xué shēng 。。 。
Pyne's claim was based on standard market competition theory: that universities would compete on price to attract students.
然而rán ér rán ér ,, , 这一zhè yī zhè yī 理论lǐ lùn lǐ lùn 假设jiǎ shè jiǎ shè :: :
However, this theory assumes: - Students are highly price-sensitive - Universities can differentiate on price without losing perceived quality/status - No external constraints (like funding cuts) forcing minimum price floors Critics argued these assumptions don't apply to higher education because: 1. **Prestige signaling**: Higher fees can signal higher quality, creating an incentive to raise rather than lower prices [4] 2. **Inelastic demand**: University degrees have limited substitutes - students can't easily switch to "cheaper" alternatives for the same qualification 3. **Cost pass-through**: The 20% funding cut created a floor below which universities couldn't sustainably price International evidence supports the critics' position.
-- - 学生xué shēng xué shēng 对duì duì 价格jià gé jià gé 高度gāo dù gāo dù 敏感mǐn gǎn mǐn gǎn
When England deregulated fees in 2012 with a £9,000 cap, nearly all universities immediately moved to charge the maximum, with no evidence of competitive downward pressure [4]. **Key context**: Pyne's claim was an unproven economic theory that ran contrary to international evidence.
-- - 大学dà xué dà xué 可以kě yǐ kě yǐ 在zài zài 不bù bù 失去shī qù shī qù perceivedperceived perceived qualityquality quality // / statusstatus status 的de de 情况qíng kuàng qíng kuàng 下xià xià 通过tōng guò tōng guò 价格jià gé jià gé 差异化chā yì huà chā yì huà
The policy was never implemented, so the claim cannot be definitively tested as true or false.
-- - 没有méi yǒu méi yǒu 外部wài bù wài bù 限制xiàn zhì xiàn zhì (( ( 如rú rú 资金zī jīn zī jīn 削减xuē jiǎn xuē jiǎn )) ) forcingforcing forcing minimumminimum minimum priceprice price floorsfloors floors
However, the available evidence from comparable systems suggests the outcome would likely have been fee increases rather than decreases.
批评者pī píng zhě pī píng zhě 认为rèn wéi rèn wéi 这些zhè xiē zhè xiē 假设jiǎ shè jiǎ shè 不适bù shì bù shì 用于yòng yú yòng yú 高等教育gāo děng jiào yù gāo děng jiào yù ,, , 因为yīn wèi yīn wèi :: :
11 1 .. . ** * ** * 声望shēng wàng shēng wàng 信号xìn hào xìn hào ** * ** * :: : 更gèng gèng 高gāo gāo 的de de 学费xué fèi xué fèi 可以kě yǐ kě yǐ 信号xìn hào xìn hào 更gèng gèng 高gāo gāo 的de de 质量zhì liàng zhì liàng ,, , 创造chuàng zào chuàng zào 上涨shàng zhǎng shàng zhǎng 而ér ér 非fēi fēi 降低jiàng dī jiàng dī 价格jià gé jià gé 的de de 激励jī lì jī lì [[ [ 44 4 ]] ]
22 2 .. . ** * ** * 需求xū qiú xū qiú 缺乏quē fá quē fá 弹性tán xìng tán xìng ** * ** * :: : 大学dà xué dà xué 学位xué wèi xué wèi 的de de 替代品tì dài pǐn tì dài pǐn 有限yǒu xiàn yǒu xiàn —— — —— — 学生xué shēng xué shēng 不能bù néng bù néng 轻易qīng yì qīng yì 转向zhuǎn xiàng zhuǎn xiàng 相同xiāng tóng xiāng tóng 资质zī zhì zī zhì 的de de "" " 更gèng gèng 便宜pián yi pián yi "" " 替代tì dài tì dài 方案fāng àn fāng àn
33 3 .. . ** * ** * 成本chéng běn chéng běn 转嫁zhuǎn jià zhuǎn jià ** * ** * :: : 20%20% 20% 的de de 资金zī jīn zī jīn 削减xuē jiǎn xuē jiǎn 创造chuàng zào chuàng zào 了le le 一个yí gè yí gè floorfloor floor ,, , 低于dī yú dī yú 此cǐ cǐ 大学dà xué dà xué 无法wú fǎ wú fǎ 可kě kě 持续chí xù chí xù 定价dìng jià dìng jià
国际guó jì guó jì 证据zhèng jù zhèng jù 支持zhī chí zhī chí 批评者pī píng zhě pī píng zhě 的de de 立场lì chǎng lì chǎng 。。 。
当dāng dāng 英格兰yīng gé lán yīng gé lán 在zài zài 20122012 2012 年nián nián 放宽fàng kuān fàng kuān 学费xué fèi xué fèi 管制guǎn zhì guǎn zhì 并bìng bìng 设定shè dìng shè dìng 99 9 ,, , 000000 000 英镑yīng bàng yīng bàng 上限shàng xiàn shàng xiàn 时shí shí ,, , 几乎jī hū jī hū 所有suǒ yǒu suǒ yǒu 大学dà xué dà xué 立即lì jí lì jí 开始kāi shǐ kāi shǐ 收取shōu qǔ shōu qǔ 最高zuì gāo zuì gāo 限额xiàn é xiàn é ,, , 没有méi yǒu méi yǒu 竞争性jìng zhēng xìng jìng zhēng xìng 下行xià xíng xià xíng 压力yā lì yā lì 的de de 证据zhèng jù zhèng jù [[ [ 44 4 ]] ] 。。 。
** * ** * 关键guān jiàn guān jiàn 背景bèi jǐng bèi jǐng ** * ** * :: : PynePyne Pyne 的de de 说法shuō fǎ shuō fǎ 是shì shì 一个yí gè yí gè 未经wèi jīng wèi jīng 证实zhèng shí zhèng shí 的de de 经济jīng jì jīng jì 理论lǐ lùn lǐ lùn ,, , 与yǔ yǔ 现有xiàn yǒu xiàn yǒu 国际guó jì guó jì 证据zhèng jù zhèng jù 相反xiāng fǎn xiāng fǎn 。。 。
该gāi gāi 政策zhèng cè zhèng cè 从未cóng wèi cóng wèi 实施shí shī shí shī ,, , 因此yīn cǐ yīn cǐ 该gāi gāi 说法shuō fǎ shuō fǎ 不能bù néng bù néng 明确míng què míng què 地被dì bèi dì bèi 检验jiǎn yàn jiǎn yàn 为wèi wèi 真zhēn zhēn 或huò huò 假jiǎ jiǎ 。。 。
然而rán ér rán ér ,, , 来自lái zì lái zì 可比kě bǐ kě bǐ 系统xì tǒng xì tǒng 的de de 现有xiàn yǒu xiàn yǒu 证据zhèng jù zhèng jù 表明biǎo míng biǎo míng ,, , 结果jié guǒ jié guǒ 可能kě néng kě néng 是shì shì 学费xué fèi xué fèi 上涨shàng zhǎng shàng zhǎng 而ér ér 非fēi fēi 下降xià jiàng xià jiàng 。。 。

具有误导性

3.0

/ 10

PynePyne Pyne 关于guān yú guān yú 竞争jìng zhēng jìng zhēng 将jiāng jiāng 迫使pò shǐ pò shǐ 学费xué fèi xué fèi 下降xià jiàng xià jiàng 的de de 说法shuō fǎ shuō fǎ 被bèi bèi 表述biǎo shù biǎo shù 为wèi wèi 可能kě néng kě néng 的de de 结果jié guǒ jié guǒ ,, , 但dàn dàn 基于jī yú jī yú 与yǔ yǔ 市场shì chǎng shì chǎng 假设jiǎ shè jiǎ shè 相xiāng xiāng 矛盾máo dùn máo dùn 的de de 理论lǐ lùn lǐ lùn 假设jiǎ shè jiǎ shè :: :
Pyne's claim that competition would force fees down was presented as a likely outcome but was based on theoretical market assumptions that were contradicted by: 1.
11 1 .. . 来自lái zì lái zì 英国yīng guó yīng guó 的de de 现有xiàn yǒu xiàn yǒu 国际guó jì guó jì 证据zhèng jù zhèng jù 显示xiǎn shì xiǎn shì ,, , 放宽fàng kuān fàng kuān 管制guǎn zhì guǎn zhì 后hòu hòu 学费xué fèi xué fèi 上涨shàng zhǎng shàng zhǎng 至zhì zhì 上限shàng xiàn shàng xiàn 最高值zuì gāo zhí zuì gāo zhí [[ [ 44 4 ]] ]
International evidence from the UK showing fees rise to the cap maximum after deregulation [4] 2.
22 2 .. . 大学dà xué dà xué 面临miàn lín miàn lín 20%20% 20% 的de de 资金zī jīn zī jīn 削减xuē jiǎn xuē jiǎn ,, , 需要xū yào xū yào 提高tí gāo tí gāo 学费xué fèi xué fèi 才能cái néng cái néng 维持wéi chí wéi chí 收入shōu rù shōu rù 的de de 现实xiàn shí xiàn shí [[ [ 22 2 ]] ]
The reality that universities faced 20% funding cuts requiring fee increases just to maintain revenue [2] 3.
33 3 .. . 现有xiàn yǒu xiàn yǒu 的de de 放宽fàng kuān fàng kuān 管制guǎn zhì guǎn zhì 研究生yán jiū shēng yán jiū shēng 市场shì chǎng shì chǎng ,, , 学费xué fèi xué fèi 大幅dà fú dà fú 上涨shàng zhǎng shàng zhǎng 而ér ér 没有méi yǒu méi yǒu 竞争性jìng zhēng xìng jìng zhēng xìng 下行xià xíng xià xíng 压力yā lì yā lì [[ [ 55 5 ]] ]
The existing deregulated postgraduate market where fees had risen substantially without competitive downward pressure [5] The claim ignored the structural factors that make higher education different from typical competitive markets, and the available evidence suggests fees would have increased significantly rather than decreased.
该gāi gāi 说法shuō fǎ shuō fǎ 忽视hū shì hū shì 了le le 使shǐ shǐ 高等教育gāo děng jiào yù gāo děng jiào yù 不同于bù tóng yú bù tóng yú 典型diǎn xíng diǎn xíng 竞争jìng zhēng jìng zhēng 市场shì chǎng shì chǎng 的de de 结构性jié gòu xìng jié gòu xìng 因素yīn sù yīn sù ,, , 现有xiàn yǒu xiàn yǒu 证据zhèng jù zhèng jù 表明biǎo míng biǎo míng 学费xué fèi xué fèi 会huì huì 显著xiǎn zhù xiǎn zhù 上涨shàng zhǎng shàng zhǎng 而ér ér 非fēi fēi 下降xià jiàng xià jiàng 。。 。

📚 来源与引用 (7)

  1. 1
    Pyne insists university deregulation will force fees down

    Pyne insists university deregulation will force fees down

    Federal Education Minister Christopher Pyne insists competition between universities will force student fees down under the Government's shake-up of the sector. In an email sent to staff, University of Melbourne's vice-chancellor said fees may have to rise as much as 61 per cent and that students would get "nothing new for this increased debt". But Mr Pyne told Insiders universities who hit students with excessive fees would be priced out of the market.

    Abc Net
  2. 2
    Understanding Fee Deregulation

    Understanding Fee Deregulation

    Our guide to unpacking the reforms on university fees, including what it is and who it will affect

    Sydney Observer
  3. 3
    Senate votes down Government's university deregulation legislation

    Senate votes down Government's university deregulation legislation

    The Senate votes down the Federal Government's legislation to uncap university fees, with several crossbench senators joining Labor and the Greens to defeat the bill 34 votes to 30.

    Abc Net
  4. 4
    PDF

    Tuition fees in England: History, debates, and international comparisons

    Researchbriefings Files Parliament • PDF Document
  5. 5
    CHAPTER 3 - Enhancing choice, innovation and access

    CHAPTER 3 - Enhancing choice, innovation and access

    CHAPTER 3 Enhancing choice, innovation and access 3.1        This chapter begins by examining the proposed deregulation of student fees, analysing the key concerns expressed by submitters and witnesses. It draws on lessons learned f

    Aph Gov
  6. 6
    Tertiary education fees in Australia

    Tertiary education fees in Australia

    Wikipedia
  7. 7
    How did Australian universities go from free education to $50,000 arts degrees in 50 years?

    How did Australian universities go from free education to $50,000 arts degrees in 50 years?

    Thanks to the Job Ready Graduates scheme, an arts degree today will cost over $50,000. How have five decades of government policy taken us from free education to this?

    The Conversation

评分方法

1-3: 不实

事实错误或恶意捏造。

4-6: 部分属实

有一定真实性,但缺乏背景或有所偏颇。

7-9: 基本属实

仅有微小的技术性或措辞问题。

10: 准确

完全经过验证且客观公正。

方法论: 评分通过交叉参照政府官方记录、独立事实核查机构和原始文件确定。