属实

评分: 8.0/10

Coalition
C0435

声明内容

“拒绝公开发布一段非法捕鲸的视频。”
原始来源: Matthew Davis

原始来源

✅ 事实核查

该gāi gāi 主张zhǔ zhāng zhǔ zhāng ** * ** * 属实shǔ shí shǔ shí ** * ** * —— — —— — TurnbullTurnbull Turnbull 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 确实què shí què shí 拒绝jù jué jù jué 公开gōng kāi gōng kāi 发布fā bù fā bù 日本rì běn rì běn 捕鲸bǔ jīng bǔ jīng 的de de 视频shì pín shì pín 片段piàn duàn piàn duàn 。。 。
The claim is **TRUE** - the Turnbull Government did refuse to publicly release video footage of Japanese whaling.
事实shì shí shì shí 有yǒu yǒu 充分chōng fèn chōng fèn 文件wén jiàn wén jiàn 记录jì lù jì lù :: :
The facts are well-documented: **Background of the Footage:** In 2008, Australian Customs officers aboard the patrol vessel Oceanic Viking, along with A319 aerial surveillance flights, documented Japanese whaling activities in the Southern Ocean Whale Sanctuary in Antarctica [1].
** * ** * 视频shì pín shì pín 背景bèi jǐng bèi jǐng :: : ** * ** *
This footage captured the killing of Minke whales in Australian territorial waters. **Initial FOI Refusal:** On December 7, 2015, Sea Shepherd Australia Limited and the Environmental Defenders Office NSW (EDO NSW) submitted a Freedom of Information (FOI) request to the Australian Department of Immigration and Border Protection seeking the photographs and video footage [1].
20082008 2008 年nián nián ,, , 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 海关hǎi guān hǎi guān 官员guān yuán guān yuán 在zài zài 巡逻xún luó xún luó 船chuán chuán OceanicOceanic Oceanic VikingViking Viking 上shàng shàng ,, , 以及yǐ jí yǐ jí 通过tōng guò tōng guò A319A319 A319 空中kōng zhōng kōng zhōng 监视jiān shì jiān shì 飞行fēi xíng fēi xíng ,, , 记录jì lù jì lù 了le le 日本rì běn rì běn 在zài zài 南极洲nán jí zhōu nán jí zhōu 南大洋nán dà yáng nán dà yáng 鲸鱼jīng yú jīng yú 保护区bǎo hù qū bǎo hù qū 的de de 捕鲸bǔ jīng bǔ jīng 活动huó dòng huó dòng [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
FOI requests had been made in 2012, 2013, and 2014 as well, all of which were refused [1]. **Official Refusal Decision:** On April 29, 2016 — more than four-and-a-half months after the FOI request was made — the Turnbull Government formally refused the request, citing that disclosure could "damage" Australia's international relations with Japan [1].
这zhè zhè 段duàn duàn 视频shì pín shì pín 拍摄pāi shè pāi shè 到dào dào 了le le 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 领海lǐng hǎi lǐng hǎi 内小nèi xiǎo nèi xiǎo 须鲸xū jīng xū jīng 被bèi bèi 杀害shā hài shā hài 的de de 画面huà miàn huà miàn 。。 。
This occurred despite the International Court of Justice (ICJ) having ruled on March 31, 2014, that Japan's whaling program (JARPA II) was unlawful and violated international obligations [2]. **Verification by Information Commissioner:** Significantly, on May 23, 2017, the Commonwealth Information Commissioner reviewed the government's decision and ruled that the release of the footage was not exempt from disclosure and would not actually affect international relations [3].
** * ** * 最初zuì chū zuì chū 的de de FOIFOI FOI 拒绝jù jué jù jué :: : ** * ** *
The Commissioner ordered the footage be released.
20152015 2015 年nián nián 1212 12 月yuè yuè 77 7 日rì rì ,, , SeaSea Sea ShepherdShepherd Shepherd AustraliaAustralia Australia LimitedLimited Limited 和hé hé 环境huán jìng huán jìng 保卫bǎo wèi bǎo wèi 办公室bàn gōng shì bàn gōng shì 新南威尔士州xīn nán wēi ěr shì zhōu xīn nán wēi ěr shì zhōu (( ( EDOEDO EDO NSWNSW NSW )) ) 向xiàng xiàng 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 移民yí mín yí mín 和hé hé 边境biān jìng biān jìng 保护bǎo hù bǎo hù 部bù bù 提交tí jiāo tí jiāo 了le le 信息xìn xī xìn xī 自由zì yóu zì yóu (( ( FOIFOI FOI )) ) 请求qǐng qiú qǐng qiú ,, , 寻求xún qiú xún qiú 获取huò qǔ huò qǔ 照片zhào piān zhào piān 和hé hé 视频shì pín shì pín 片段piàn duàn piàn duàn [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
This independent review confirmed the government's refusal was not justified. **Timeline:** - 2008: Footage recorded by Australian Customs - 2012-2014: FOI requests denied during ICJ proceedings - March 31, 2014: ICJ rules Japan's whaling program unlawful - December 7, 2015: New FOI request submitted after ICJ ruling - April 29, 2016: Turnbull Government refuses release citing "diplomatic relations" - May 23, 2017: Information Commissioner overturns refusal decision - November 28, 2017: Footage publicly released by Sea Shepherd [3]
20122012 2012 年nián nián 、、 、 20132013 2013 年nián nián 和hé hé 20142014 2014 年nián nián 也yě yě 曾céng céng 提出tí chū tí chū 过guò guò FOIFOI FOI 请求qǐng qiú qǐng qiú ,, , 但dàn dàn 均jūn jūn 被bèi bèi 拒绝jù jué jù jué [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
** * ** * 官方guān fāng guān fāng 拒绝jù jué jù jué 决定jué dìng jué dìng :: : ** * ** *
20162016 2016 年nián nián 44 4 月yuè yuè 2929 29 日rì rì —— — —— — 在zài zài FOIFOI FOI 请求qǐng qiú qǐng qiú 提出tí chū tí chū 四个sì gè sì gè 半月bàn yuè bàn yuè 后hòu hòu —— — —— — TurnbullTurnbull Turnbull 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 正式zhèng shì zhèng shì 拒绝jù jué jù jué 该gāi gāi 请求qǐng qiú qǐng qiú ,, , 理由lǐ yóu lǐ yóu 是shì shì 披露pī lù pī lù 可能kě néng kě néng "" " 损害sǔn hài sǔn hài "" " 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 与yǔ yǔ 日本rì běn rì běn 之间zhī jiān zhī jiān 的de de 国际guó jì guó jì 关系guān xì guān xì [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
这一zhè yī zhè yī 拒绝jù jué jù jué 发生fā shēng fā shēng 在zài zài 国际法院guó jì fǎ yuàn guó jì fǎ yuàn (( ( ICJICJ ICJ )) ) 于yú yú 20142014 2014 年nián nián 33 3 月yuè yuè 3131 31 日rì rì 裁定cái dìng cái dìng 日本rì běn rì běn 的de de 捕鲸bǔ jīng bǔ jīng 计划jì huà jì huà (( ( JARPAJARPA JARPA IIII II )) ) 违法wéi fǎ wéi fǎ 并bìng bìng 违反wéi fǎn wéi fǎn 国际guó jì guó jì 义务yì wù yì wù 之后zhī hòu zhī hòu [[ [ 22 2 ]] ] 。。 。
** * ** * 信息xìn xī xìn xī 专员zhuān yuán zhuān yuán 核实hé shí hé shí :: : ** * ** *
值得注意zhí de zhù yì zhí de zhù yì 的de de 是shì shì ,, , 20172017 2017 年nián nián 55 5 月yuè yuè 2323 23 日rì rì ,, , 英联邦yīng lián bāng yīng lián bāng 信息xìn xī xìn xī 专员zhuān yuán zhuān yuán 审查shěn chá shěn chá 了le le 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 的de de 决定jué dìng jué dìng ,, , 裁定cái dìng cái dìng 发布fā bù fā bù 该gāi gāi 视频shì pín shì pín 不bù bù 属于shǔ yú shǔ yú 豁免huò miǎn huò miǎn 披露pī lù pī lù 范围fàn wéi fàn wéi ,, , 实际上shí jì shàng shí jì shàng 不会bú huì bú huì 影响yǐng xiǎng yǐng xiǎng 国际guó jì guó jì 关系guān xì guān xì [[ [ 33 3 ]] ] 。。 。
专员zhuān yuán zhuān yuán 下令xià lìng xià lìng 发布fā bù fā bù 该gāi gāi 视频shì pín shì pín 。。 。
这一zhè yī zhè yī 独立dú lì dú lì 审查shěn chá shěn chá 确认què rèn què rèn 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 的de de 拒绝jù jué jù jué 缺乏quē fá quē fá 正当理由zhèng dāng lǐ yóu zhèng dāng lǐ yóu 。。 。
** * ** * 时间shí jiān shí jiān 线xiàn xiàn :: : ** * ** *
-- - 20082008 2008 年nián nián :: : 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 海关hǎi guān hǎi guān 录制lù zhì lù zhì 视频shì pín shì pín
-- - 20122012 2012 -- - 20142014 2014 年nián nián :: : ICJICJ ICJ 诉讼sù sòng sù sòng 期间qī jiān qī jiān FOIFOI FOI 请求qǐng qiú qǐng qiú 被bèi bèi 拒绝jù jué jù jué
-- - 20142014 2014 年nián nián 33 3 月yuè yuè 3131 31 日rì rì :: : ICJICJ ICJ 裁定cái dìng cái dìng 日本rì běn rì běn 捕鲸bǔ jīng bǔ jīng 计划jì huà jì huà 违法wéi fǎ wéi fǎ
-- - 20152015 2015 年nián nián 1212 12 月yuè yuè 77 7 日rì rì :: : ICJICJ ICJ 裁决cái jué cái jué 后hòu hòu 提交tí jiāo tí jiāo 新xīn xīn 的de de FOIFOI FOI 请求qǐng qiú qǐng qiú
-- - 20162016 2016 年nián nián 44 4 月yuè yuè 2929 29 日rì rì :: : TurnbullTurnbull Turnbull 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 以yǐ yǐ "" " 外交关系wài jiāo guān xì wài jiāo guān xì "" " 为wèi wèi 由yóu yóu 拒绝jù jué jù jué 发布fā bù fā bù
-- - 20172017 2017 年nián nián 55 5 月yuè yuè 2323 23 日rì rì :: : 信息xìn xī xìn xī 专员zhuān yuán zhuān yuán 推翻tuī fān tuī fān 拒绝jù jué jù jué 决定jué dìng jué dìng
-- - 20172017 2017 年nián nián 1111 11 月yuè yuè 2828 28 日rì rì :: : SeaSea Sea ShepherdShepherd Shepherd 公开gōng kāi gōng kāi 发布fā bù fā bù 视频shì pín shì pín [[ [ 33 3 ]] ]

缺失背景

虽然suī rán suī rán 该gāi gāi 主张zhǔ zhāng zhǔ zhāng 在zài zài 事实上shì shí shàng shì shí shàng 准确zhǔn què zhǔn què ,, , 但dàn dàn 它tā tā 省略shěng lüè shěng lüè 了le le 关于guān yú guān yú 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 最初zuì chū zuì chū 拒绝jù jué jù jué 发布fā bù fā bù 的de de 原因yuán yīn yuán yīn 以及yǐ jí yǐ jí 最终zuì zhōng zuì zhōng 结果jié guǒ jié guǒ 的de de ** * ** * 重要zhòng yào zhòng yào 背景bèi jǐng bèi jǐng ** * ** * :: :
While the claim is factually accurate, it omits important context about **why** the government initially refused release and what ultimately occurred: **Legitimate Initial Rationale (Though Later Rejected):** Prior to the ICJ ruling, the government's stated reason for refusing FOI requests (2012-2014) was that disclosure could negatively impact Australia v Japan proceedings being heard in the International Court of Justice [1].
** * ** * 最初zuì chū zuì chū 理由lǐ yóu lǐ yóu 合法hé fǎ hé fǎ (( ( 尽管jǐn guǎn jǐn guǎn 后来hòu lái hòu lái 被bèi bèi 驳回bó huí bó huí )) ) :: : ** * ** *
This was a defensible reason at the time, as public release of evidence could theoretically influence international court proceedings. **Different Reasoning After ICJ Victory:** After the ICJ ruled against Japan on March 31, 2014, the grounds for refusal shifted.
在zài zài ICJICJ ICJ 裁决cái jué cái jué 之前zhī qián zhī qián ,, , 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 拒绝jù jué jù jué FOIFOI FOI 请求qǐng qiú qǐng qiú 的de de 理由lǐ yóu lǐ yóu (( ( 20122012 2012 -- - 20142014 2014 年nián nián )) ) 是shì shì 披露pī lù pī lù 可能kě néng kě néng 对duì duì 在zài zài InternationalInternational International CourtCourt Court ofof of JusticeJustice Justice 审理shěn lǐ shěn lǐ 的de de AustraliaAustralia Australia vv v JapanJapan Japan 案件àn jiàn àn jiàn 产生chǎn shēng chǎn shēng 负面影响fù miàn yǐng xiǎng fù miàn yǐng xiǎng [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
The Australian Government then argued that release would "damage" international relations with Japan [1].
在zài zài 当时dāng shí dāng shí 这是zhè shì zhè shì 一个yí gè yí gè 可辩护kě biàn hù kě biàn hù 的de de 理由lǐ yóu lǐ yóu ,, , 因为yīn wèi yīn wèi 公开gōng kāi gōng kāi 发布fā bù fā bù 证据zhèng jù zhèng jù 理论lǐ lùn lǐ lùn 上shàng shàng 可能kě néng kě néng 影响yǐng xiǎng yǐng xiǎng 国际法庭guó jì fǎ tíng guó jì fǎ tíng 诉讼sù sòng sù sòng 。。 。
However, this reasoning was questioned by legal experts and civil society organizations, who argued that Australia had just publicly taken Japan to the International Court of Justice on this very issue and had prevailed — making a subsequent refusal to release evidence difficult to justify on diplomatic grounds [4]. **Information Commissioner Override:** Critically, the claim omits that an independent authority (the Information Commissioner) eventually ruled the government was wrong.
** * ** * ICJICJ ICJ 胜诉shèng sù shèng sù 后hòu hòu 的de de 不同bù tóng bù tóng 理由lǐ yóu lǐ yóu :: : ** * ** *
On May 23, 2017, the Information Commissioner determined that releasing the footage would not harm international relations and ordered its release [3].
20142014 2014 年nián nián 33 3 月yuè yuè 3131 31 日rì rì ICJICJ ICJ 裁定cái dìng cái dìng 日本rì běn rì běn 败诉bài sù bài sù 后hòu hòu ,, , 拒绝jù jué jù jué 的de de 理由lǐ yóu lǐ yóu 发生fā shēng fā shēng 了le le 变化biàn huà biàn huà 。。 。
This overturned the government's refusal. **Overseas Comparisons:** The claim contextualizes this as "illegal whaling" — which is accurate, as the ICJ ruled the whaling program unlawful.
澳大利亚政府ào dà lì yà zhèng fǔ ào dà lì yà zhèng fǔ 随后suí hòu suí hòu 辩称biàn chēng biàn chēng ,, , 发布fā bù fā bù 将jiāng jiāng "" " 损害sǔn hài sǔn hài "" " 与yǔ yǔ 日本rì běn rì běn 的de de 关系guān xì guān xì [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
However, this was a contentious issue involving international law complexities: Japan argued its whaling was for "scientific research" under the International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling, while Australia (and the ICJ) argued this was a pretext [2].
然而rán ér rán ér ,, , 这一zhè yī zhè yī 理由lǐ yóu lǐ yóu 受到shòu dào shòu dào 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 专家zhuān jiā zhuān jiā 和hé hé 民间组织mín jiān zǔ zhī mín jiān zǔ zhī 的de de 质疑zhì yí zhì yí ,, , 他们tā men tā men 认为rèn wéi rèn wéi 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 刚刚gāng gāng gāng gāng 公开gōng kāi gōng kāi 就jiù jiù 此事cǐ shì cǐ shì 将jiāng jiāng 日本rì běn rì běn 告上gào shàng gào shàng InternationalInternational International CourtCourt Court ofof of JusticeJustice Justice 并bìng bìng 获胜huò shèng huò shèng —— — —— — 这zhè zhè 使得shǐ de shǐ de 随后suí hòu suí hòu 拒绝jù jué jù jué 发布fā bù fā bù 证据zhèng jù zhèng jù 在zài zài 外交wài jiāo wài jiāo 理由lǐ yóu lǐ yóu 上shàng shàng 难以nán yǐ nán yǐ 自圆其说zì yuán qí shuō zì yuán qí shuō [[ [ 44 4 ]] ] 。。 。
** * ** * 信息xìn xī xìn xī 专员zhuān yuán zhuān yuán 推翻tuī fān tuī fān :: : ** * ** *
至关重要zhì guān zhòng yào zhì guān zhòng yào 的de de 是shì shì ,, , 该gāi gāi 主张zhǔ zhāng zhǔ zhāng 未wèi wèi 提及tí jí tí jí 独立dú lì dú lì 机构jī gòu jī gòu (( ( 信息xìn xī xìn xī 专员zhuān yuán zhuān yuán )) ) 最终zuì zhōng zuì zhōng 裁定cái dìng cái dìng 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 是shì shì 错误cuò wù cuò wù 的de de 。。 。
20172017 2017 年nián nián 55 5 月yuè yuè 2323 23 日rì rì ,, , 信息xìn xī xìn xī 专员zhuān yuán zhuān yuán 确定què dìng què dìng 发布fā bù fā bù 视频shì pín shì pín 不会bú huì bú huì 损害sǔn hài sǔn hài 国际guó jì guó jì 关系guān xì guān xì ,, , 并bìng bìng 下令xià lìng xià lìng 发布fā bù fā bù [[ [ 33 3 ]] ] 。。 。
这zhè zhè 推翻tuī fān tuī fān 了le le 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 的de de 拒绝jù jué jù jué 决定jué dìng jué dìng 。。 。
** * ** * 海外hǎi wài hǎi wài 比较bǐ jiào bǐ jiào :: : ** * ** *
该gāi gāi 主张zhǔ zhāng zhǔ zhāng 将jiāng jiāng 此cǐ cǐ 描述miáo shù miáo shù 为wèi wèi "" " 非法fēi fǎ fēi fǎ 捕鲸bǔ jīng bǔ jīng "" " —— — —— — 这是zhè shì zhè shì 准确zhǔn què zhǔn què 的de de ,, , 因为yīn wèi yīn wèi ICJICJ ICJ 裁定cái dìng cái dìng 捕鲸bǔ jīng bǔ jīng 计划jì huà jì huà 违法wéi fǎ wéi fǎ 。。 。
然而rán ér rán ér ,, , 这是zhè shì zhè shì 一个yí gè yí gè 涉及shè jí shè jí 国际法guó jì fǎ guó jì fǎ 复杂性fù zá xìng fù zá xìng 的de de 争议性zhēng yì xìng zhēng yì xìng 问题wèn tí wèn tí :: : 日本rì běn rì běn 辩称biàn chēng biàn chēng 其qí qí 捕鲸bǔ jīng bǔ jīng 是shì shì 出于chū yú chū yú 《《 《 国际guó jì guó jì 捕鲸bǔ jīng bǔ jīng 管制guǎn zhì guǎn zhì 公约gōng yuē gōng yuē 》》 》 下xià xià 的de de "" " 科学研究kē xué yán jiū kē xué yán jiū "" " 目的mù dì mù dì ,, , 而ér ér 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà (( ( 和hé hé ICJICJ ICJ )) ) 则zé zé 认为rèn wéi rèn wéi 这是zhè shì zhè shì 一个yí gè yí gè 借口jiè kǒu jiè kǒu [[ [ 22 2 ]] ] 。。 。

来源可信度评估

原始yuán shǐ yuán shǐ 来源lái yuán lái yuán 是shì shì ** * ** * SeaSea Sea ShepherdShepherd Shepherd AustraliaAustralia Australia ** * ** * ,, , 一个yí gè yí gè 明确míng què míng què 反对fǎn duì fǎn duì 捕鲸bǔ jīng bǔ jīng 的de de 倡导chàng dǎo chàng dǎo 组织zǔ zhī zǔ zhī 。。 。
The original source is **Sea Shepherd Australia**, an advocacy organization with clear anti-whaling positions.
这zhè zhè 引入yǐn rù yǐn rù 了le le 一些yī xiē yī xiē 需要xū yào xū yào 考虑kǎo lǜ kǎo lǜ 的de de 角度jiǎo dù jiǎo dù :: :
This introduces some perspective to consider: **Sea Shepherd Australia:** - A **partisan environmental advocacy group** explicitly opposed to whaling [5] - Uses strong language ("barbarity," "pander," "shocking") indicating advocacy positioning - However, the factual claims in the article (FOI dates, refusal reasons, officials quoted) are corroborated by mainstream news sources **Corroborating Sources:** - ABC News (Australia's mainstream public broadcaster) — confirmed the refusal, the Information Commissioner's decision, and provided additional context [3] - Maritime Executive (maritime industry publication) — reported the same facts independently [1] - Tasmanian Times (state news outlet) — included comment from Greens Senator Peter Whish-Wilson [6] **Overall Assessment:** While Sea Shepherd's language is clearly advocacy-oriented, the underlying facts are accurate and have been independently verified by mainstream Australian media.
** * ** * SeaSea Sea ShepherdShepherd Shepherd AustraliaAustralia Australia :: : ** * ** *
The factual claims withstand scrutiny.
-- - 一个yí gè yí gè ** * ** * 明确míng què míng què 的de de 环保huán bǎo huán bǎo 倡导chàng dǎo chàng dǎo 团体tuán tǐ tuán tǐ ** * ** * ,, , 明确míng què míng què 反对fǎn duì fǎn duì 捕鲸bǔ jīng bǔ jīng [[ [ 55 5 ]] ]
-- - 使用shǐ yòng shǐ yòng 强烈qiáng liè qiáng liè 措辞cuò cí cuò cí (( ( "" " 野蛮yě mán yě mán "" " 、、 、 "" " 迎合yíng hé yíng hé "" " 、、 、 "" " 令人震惊lìng rén zhèn jīng lìng rén zhèn jīng "" " )) ) ,, , 表明biǎo míng biǎo míng 其qí qí 倡导chàng dǎo chàng dǎo 立场lì chǎng lì chǎng
-- - 然而rán ér rán ér ,, , 文章wén zhāng wén zhāng 中zhōng zhōng 的de de 事实shì shí shì shí 主张zhǔ zhāng zhǔ zhāng (( ( FOIFOI FOI 日期rì qī rì qī 、、 、 拒绝jù jué jù jué 原因yuán yīn yuán yīn 、、 、 引用yǐn yòng yǐn yòng 的de de 官员guān yuán guān yuán )) ) 都dōu dōu 有yǒu yǒu 主流zhǔ liú zhǔ liú 新闻来源xīn wén lái yuán xīn wén lái yuán 佐证zuǒ zhèng zuǒ zhèng
** * ** * 佐证zuǒ zhèng zuǒ zhèng 来源lái yuán lái yuán :: : ** * ** *
-- - ABCABC ABC NewsNews News (( ( 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 主流zhǔ liú zhǔ liú 公共广播gōng gòng guǎng bō gōng gòng guǎng bō 公司gōng sī gōng sī )) ) —— — —— — 确认què rèn què rèn 了le le 拒绝jù jué jù jué 行为xíng wéi xíng wéi 、、 、 信息xìn xī xìn xī 专员zhuān yuán zhuān yuán 的de de 决定jué dìng jué dìng ,, , 并bìng bìng 提供tí gōng tí gōng 了le le 额外é wài é wài 背景bèi jǐng bèi jǐng [[ [ 33 3 ]] ]
-- - MaritimeMaritime Maritime ExecutiveExecutive Executive (( ( 海运hǎi yùn hǎi yùn 行业háng yè háng yè 出版物chū bǎn wù chū bǎn wù )) ) —— — —— — 独立dú lì dú lì 报道bào dào bào dào 了le le 相同xiāng tóng xiāng tóng 的de de 事实shì shí shì shí [[ [ 11 1 ]] ]
-- - TasmanianTasmanian Tasmanian TimesTimes Times (( ( 州zhōu zhōu 新闻xīn wén xīn wén 机构jī gòu jī gòu )) ) —— — —— — 包括bāo kuò bāo kuò 绿党lǜ dǎng lǜ dǎng 参议员cān yì yuán cān yì yuán PeterPeter Peter WhishWhish Whish -- - WilsonWilson Wilson 的de de 评论píng lùn píng lùn [[ [ 66 6 ]] ]
** * ** * 总体zǒng tǐ zǒng tǐ 评估píng gū píng gū :: : ** * ** *
虽然suī rán suī rán SeaSea Sea ShepherdShepherd Shepherd 的de de 语言yǔ yán yǔ yán 明显míng xiǎn míng xiǎn 具有jù yǒu jù yǒu 倡导chàng dǎo chàng dǎo 导向dǎo xiàng dǎo xiàng ,, , 但dàn dàn 基本jī běn jī běn 事实shì shí shì shí 是shì shì 准确zhǔn què zhǔn què 的de de ,, , 并bìng bìng 已yǐ yǐ 通过tōng guò tōng guò 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 主流zhǔ liú zhǔ liú 媒体méi tǐ méi tǐ 独立dú lì dú lì 核实hé shí hé shí 。。 。
事实shì shí shì shí 主张zhǔ zhāng zhǔ zhāng 经得起jīng dé qǐ jīng dé qǐ 审查shěn chá shěn chá 。。 。
⚖️

工党对比

** * ** * LaborLabor Labor 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 处理chǔ lǐ chǔ lǐ 类似lèi sì lèi sì 情况qíng kuàng qíng kuàng 的de de 方式fāng shì fāng shì 是否shì fǒu shì fǒu 不同bù tóng bù tóng ?? ?
**Did Labor governments handle similar situations differently?** Labor governments also faced decisions about releasing classified or sensitive diplomatic materials.
** * ** *
Key differences: **Kevin Rudd Government (2007-2010):** The Labor government under Kevin Rudd *initially took a strong anti-whaling position*, promising to take Japan to the International Court of Justice — a campaign promise they fulfilled by commencing proceedings in May 2010 [7].
LaborLabor Labor 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 也yě yě 面临miàn lín miàn lín 过guò guò 关于guān yú guān yú 发布fā bù fā bù 机密jī mì jī mì 或huò huò 敏感mǐn gǎn mǐn gǎn 外交wài jiāo wài jiāo 材料cái liào cái liào 的de de 决定jué dìng jué dìng 。。 。
However, Labor's record on FOI and diplomatic secrecy was not markedly different from Coalition approaches. **Rudd's Diplomatic Approach to Japan:** Interestingly, academic analysis suggests the Rudd Government used the whaling issue strategically in bilateral relations with Japan [7], indicating that successive Australian governments (both Labor and Coalition) have treated whaling as a diplomatic matter requiring careful management of Japan relations. **FOI Precedent:** Australian governments across the political spectrum have used FOI exemptions for diplomatic harm.
主要zhǔ yào zhǔ yào 区别qū bié qū bié :: :
The "international relations" exemption under the Freedom of Information Act (section 47F) is standard practice in Australian government FOI law, allowing refusal of documents that could damage international relations [8].
** * ** * KevinKevin Kevin RuddRudd Rudd 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ (( ( 20072007 2007 -- - 20102010 2010 年nián nián )) ) :: : ** * ** *
This is not unique to the Coalition. **Conclusion on Labor Comparison:** Labor governments have also refused FOI requests on diplomatic grounds.
KevinKevin Kevin RuddRudd Rudd 领导lǐng dǎo lǐng dǎo 下xià xià 的de de LaborLabor Labor 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ ** * 最初zuì chū zuì chū 采取cǎi qǔ cǎi qǔ 了le le 强烈qiáng liè qiáng liè 的de de 反fǎn fǎn 捕鲸bǔ jīng bǔ jīng 立场lì chǎng lì chǎng ** * ,, , 承诺chéng nuò chéng nuò 将jiāng jiāng 日本rì běn rì běn 告上gào shàng gào shàng InternationalInternational International CourtCourt Court ofof of JusticeJustice Justice —— — —— — 他们tā men tā men 在zài zài 20102010 2010 年nián nián 55 5 月yuè yuè 启动qǐ dòng qǐ dòng 诉讼sù sòng sù sòng 程序chéng xù chéng xù ,, , 兑现duì xiàn duì xiàn 了le le 这zhè zhè 一yī yī 竞选jìng xuǎn jìng xuǎn 承诺chéng nuò chéng nuò [[ [ 77 7 ]] ] 。。 。
The difference is that Rudd Labor *promised* stronger action on whaling but the Turnbull Coalition both promised stronger action (pre-election) and then refused to release evidence — making the Coalition's position appear more hypocritical.
然而rán ér rán ér ,, , LaborLabor Labor 在zài zài FOIFOI FOI 和hé hé 外交wài jiāo wài jiāo 保密bǎo mì bǎo mì 方面fāng miàn fāng miàn 的de de 记录jì lù jì lù 与yǔ yǔ CoalitionCoalition Coalition 的de de 做法zuò fǎ zuò fǎ 没有méi yǒu méi yǒu 显著xiǎn zhù xiǎn zhù 不同bù tóng bù tóng 。。 。
However, both parties used similar FOI exemptions for diplomatic reasons.
** * ** * RuddRudd Rudd 对duì duì 日rì rì 外交wài jiāo wài jiāo 方式fāng shì fāng shì :: : ** * ** *
有趣yǒu qù yǒu qù 的de de 是shì shì ,, , 学术xué shù xué shù 分析表明fēn xī biǎo míng fēn xī biǎo míng RuddRudd Rudd 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 在zài zài 与yǔ yǔ 日本rì běn rì běn 的de de 双边关系shuāng biān guān xì shuāng biān guān xì 中zhōng zhōng 策略性cè lüè xìng cè lüè xìng 地dì dì 利用lì yòng lì yòng 捕鲸bǔ jīng bǔ jīng 问题wèn tí wèn tí [[ [ 77 7 ]] ] ,, , 这zhè zhè 表明biǎo míng biǎo míng 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 历届lì jiè lì jiè 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ (( ( LaborLabor Labor 和hé hé CoalitionCoalition Coalition )) ) 都dōu dōu 将jiāng jiāng 捕鲸bǔ jīng bǔ jīng 视为shì wèi shì wèi 需要xū yào xū yào 谨慎jǐn shèn jǐn shèn 管理guǎn lǐ guǎn lǐ 与yǔ yǔ 日本rì běn rì běn 关系guān xì guān xì 的de de 外交事务wài jiāo shì wù wài jiāo shì wù 。。 。
** * ** * FOIFOI FOI 先例xiān lì xiān lì :: : ** * ** *
澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 各gè gè 政治派别zhèng zhì pài bié zhèng zhì pài bié 的de de 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 都dōu dōu 曾céng céng 以yǐ yǐ 损害sǔn hài sǔn hài 外交wài jiāo wài jiāo 为wèi wèi 由yóu yóu 使用shǐ yòng shǐ yòng FOIFOI FOI 豁免huò miǎn huò miǎn 。。 。
《《 《 信息xìn xī xìn xī 自由zì yóu zì yóu 法fǎ fǎ 》》 》 中zhōng zhōng 的de de "" " 国际guó jì guó jì 关系guān xì guān xì "" " 豁免huò miǎn huò miǎn (( ( 第dì dì 47F47F 47F 条tiáo tiáo )) ) 是shì shì 澳大利亚政府ào dà lì yà zhèng fǔ ào dà lì yà zhèng fǔ FOIFOI FOI 法fǎ fǎ 的de de 标准biāo zhǔn biāo zhǔn 做法zuò fǎ zuò fǎ ,, , 允许yǔn xǔ yǔn xǔ 拒绝jù jué jù jué 可能kě néng kě néng 损害sǔn hài sǔn hài 国际guó jì guó jì 关系guān xì guān xì 的de de 文件wén jiàn wén jiàn [[ [ 88 8 ]] ] 。。 。
这zhè zhè 并非bìng fēi bìng fēi CoalitionCoalition Coalition 独有dú yǒu dú yǒu 。。 。
** * ** * LaborLabor Labor 比较bǐ jiào bǐ jiào 结论jié lùn jié lùn :: : ** * ** *
LaborLabor Labor 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 也yě yě 曾céng céng 以yǐ yǐ 损害sǔn hài sǔn hài 外交wài jiāo wài jiāo 为wèi wèi 由yóu yóu 拒绝jù jué jù jué FOIFOI FOI 请求qǐng qiú qǐng qiú 。。 。
区别qū bié qū bié 在于zài yú zài yú RuddRudd Rudd 的de de LaborLabor Labor ** * 承诺chéng nuò chéng nuò ** * 采取cǎi qǔ cǎi qǔ 更gèng gèng 强硬qiáng yìng qiáng yìng 的de de 捕鲸bǔ jīng bǔ jīng 行动xíng dòng xíng dòng ,, , 而ér ér TurnbullTurnbull Turnbull 的de de CoalitionCoalition Coalition 既jì jì 承诺chéng nuò chéng nuò (( ( 选前xuǎn qián xuǎn qián )) ) 采取cǎi qǔ cǎi qǔ 更gèng gèng 强硬qiáng yìng qiáng yìng 行动xíng dòng xíng dòng ,, , 随后suí hòu suí hòu 又yòu yòu 拒绝jù jué jù jué 发布fā bù fā bù 证据zhèng jù zhèng jù —— — —— — 这zhè zhè 使得shǐ de shǐ de CoalitionCoalition Coalition 的de de 立场lì chǎng lì chǎng 显得xiǎn de xiǎn de 更加gèng jiā gèng jiā 虚伪xū wěi xū wěi 。。 。
然而rán ér rán ér ,, , 两党liǎng dǎng liǎng dǎng 都dōu dōu 曾céng céng 出于chū yú chū yú 外交wài jiāo wài jiāo 原因yuán yīn yuán yīn 使用shǐ yòng shǐ yòng 类似lèi sì lèi sì 的de de FOIFOI FOI 豁免huò miǎn huò miǎn 。。 。
🌐

平衡视角

** * ** * 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 立场lì chǎng lì chǎng :: : ** * ** *
**The Government's Position:** The Turnbull Government's justification for the FOI refusal rested on protecting Australia-Japan diplomatic relations.
TurnbullTurnbull Turnbull 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 对duì duì FOIFOI FOI 拒绝jù jué jù jué 的de de 理由lǐ yóu lǐ yóu 是shì shì 保护bǎo hù bǎo hù 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 与yǔ yǔ 日本rì běn rì běn 的de de 外交关系wài jiāo guān xì wài jiāo guān xì 。。 。
Several factors provide context for this decision: 1. **Legitimate Diplomatic Concerns:** Australia and Japan have significant bilateral relationships across trade, security, and regional cooperation.
有yǒu yǒu 几个jǐ gè jǐ gè 因素yīn sù yīn sù 为wèi wèi 这zhè zhè 一yī yī 决定jué dìng jué dìng 提供tí gōng tí gōng 了le le 背景bèi jǐng bèi jǐng :: :
Japan is a major trading partner [7].
11 1 .. . ** * ** * 合法hé fǎ hé fǎ 的de de 外交wài jiāo wài jiāo 关切guān qiè guān qiè :: : ** * ** * 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 与yǔ yǔ 日本rì běn rì běn 在zài zài 贸易mào yì mào yì 、、 、 安全ān quán ān quán 和hé hé 区域合作qū yù hé zuò qū yù hé zuò 方面fāng miàn fāng miàn 有着yǒu zhe yǒu zhe 重要zhòng yào zhòng yào 的de de 双边关系shuāng biān guān xì shuāng biān guān xì 。。 。
Governments may legitimately consider how public releases could affect these relationships. 2. **Pre-ICJ Proceedings Justification:** Prior to the ICJ ruling (2012-2014), refusing FOI requests to avoid potentially prejudicing court proceedings was legally defensible [1]. 3. **Post-ICJ Context:** However, the 2016 refusal after the ICJ had already ruled against Japan was harder to justify, and the Information Commissioner agreed [3]. 4. **Environmental Enforcement Efforts:** The government also maintained other efforts to address whaling, including motions at the International Whaling Commission to increase scrutiny of "scientific" whaling and improve transparency [3]. **Criticism and Counterpoints:** 1. **Hypocrisy on Pre-Election Promises:** The Turnbull Coalition promised in opposition to "send an Australian Customs vessel to the Southern Ocean to document Japan's illegal whaling activities." Instead, they refused to release documentation already obtained [1].
日本rì běn rì běn 是shì shì 主要zhǔ yào zhǔ yào 贸易mào yì mào yì 伙伴huǒ bàn huǒ bàn [[ [ 77 7 ]] ] 。。 。
This represents a policy reversal. 2. **Democratic Transparency Argument:** By refusing to release footage documenting violations of international law that had already been ruled unlawful by the ICJ, the government withheld information the public had legitimate interest in seeing [4]. 3. **Information Commissioner's Judgment:** The independent Information Commissioner's determination that release would *not* damage international relations undermines the government's stated justification [3]. 4. **Timing Issue:** More than 4.5 months to refuse a standard FOI request, after an ICJ ruling had already publicized the dispute, suggests the government's concerns were overstated [1].
政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 可以kě yǐ kě yǐ 合理hé lǐ hé lǐ 地dì dì 考虑kǎo lǜ kǎo lǜ 公开gōng kāi gōng kāi 发布fā bù fā bù 如何rú hé rú hé 影响yǐng xiǎng yǐng xiǎng 这些zhè xiē zhè xiē 关系guān xì guān xì 。。 。
22 2 .. . ** * ** * ICJICJ ICJ 诉讼sù sòng sù sòng 前qián qián 的de de 正当理由zhèng dāng lǐ yóu zhèng dāng lǐ yóu :: : ** * ** * 在zài zài ICJICJ ICJ 裁决cái jué cái jué 之前zhī qián zhī qián (( ( 20122012 2012 -- - 20142014 2014 年nián nián )) ) ,, , 拒绝jù jué jù jué FOIFOI FOI 请求qǐng qiú qǐng qiú 以yǐ yǐ 避免bì miǎn bì miǎn 可能kě néng kě néng 损害sǔn hài sǔn hài 法庭fǎ tíng fǎ tíng 诉讼sù sòng sù sòng 是shì shì 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 上shàng shàng 可辩护kě biàn hù kě biàn hù 的de de [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
33 3 .. . ** * ** * ICJICJ ICJ 裁决cái jué cái jué 后hòu hòu 的de de 背景bèi jǐng bèi jǐng :: : ** * ** * 然而rán ér rán ér ,, , 20142014 2014 年nián nián 33 3 月yuè yuè 3131 31 日rì rì ICJICJ ICJ 裁定cái dìng cái dìng 日本rì běn rì běn 败诉bài sù bài sù 后hòu hòu ,, , 20162016 2016 年nián nián 的de de 拒绝jù jué jù jué 更难gèng nán gèng nán 辩护biàn hù biàn hù ,, , 信息xìn xī xìn xī 专员zhuān yuán zhuān yuán 也yě yě 同意tóng yì tóng yì 这zhè zhè 一点yì diǎn yì diǎn [[ [ 33 3 ]] ] 。。 。
44 4 .. . ** * ** * 环境huán jìng huán jìng 执法zhí fǎ zhí fǎ 努力nǔ lì nǔ lì :: : ** * ** * 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 还hái hái 通过tōng guò tōng guò InternationalInternational International WhalingWhaling Whaling CommissionCommission Commission 的de de 动议dòng yì dòng yì 来lái lái 应对yìng duì yìng duì 捕鲸bǔ jīng bǔ jīng 问题wèn tí wèn tí ,, , 以yǐ yǐ 增加zēng jiā zēng jiā 对duì duì "" " 科学kē xué kē xué "" " 捕鲸bǔ jīng bǔ jīng 的de de 审查shěn chá shěn chá 并bìng bìng 提高tí gāo tí gāo 透明度tòu míng dù tòu míng dù [[ [ 33 3 ]] ] 。。 。
** * ** * 批评pī píng pī píng 和hé hé 反驳fǎn bó fǎn bó 观点guān diǎn guān diǎn :: : ** * ** *
11 1 .. . ** * ** * 选举xuǎn jǔ xuǎn jǔ 前qián qián 承诺chéng nuò chéng nuò 的de de 虚伪xū wěi xū wěi :: : ** * ** * TurnbullTurnbull Turnbull CoalitionCoalition Coalition 在zài zài 反对党fǎn duì dǎng fǎn duì dǎng 时shí shí 承诺chéng nuò chéng nuò "" " 派遣pài qiǎn pài qiǎn 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 海关hǎi guān hǎi guān 船只chuán zhī chuán zhī 前往qián wǎng qián wǎng 南大洋nán dà yáng nán dà yáng 记录jì lù jì lù 日本rì běn rì běn 非法fēi fǎ fēi fǎ 捕鲸bǔ jīng bǔ jīng 活动huó dòng huó dòng "" " 。。 。
相反xiāng fǎn xiāng fǎn ,, , 他们tā men tā men 拒绝jù jué jù jué 发布fā bù fā bù 已经yǐ jīng yǐ jīng 获得huò dé huò dé 的de de 文件wén jiàn wén jiàn [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
这zhè zhè 代表dài biǎo dài biǎo 了le le 政策zhèng cè zhèng cè 逆转nì zhuǎn nì zhuǎn 。。 。
22 2 .. . ** * ** * 民主mín zhǔ mín zhǔ 透明度tòu míng dù tòu míng dù 论点lùn diǎn lùn diǎn :: : ** * ** * 拒绝jù jué jù jué 发布fā bù fā bù 记录jì lù jì lù 违反wéi fǎn wéi fǎn 国际法guó jì fǎ guó jì fǎ 的de de 视频shì pín shì pín 片段piàn duàn piàn duàn —— — —— — 而ér ér 这些zhè xiē zhè xiē 违法行为wéi fǎ xíng wéi wéi fǎ xíng wéi 已yǐ yǐ 被bèi bèi ICJICJ ICJ 裁定cái dìng cái dìng 为wèi wèi 违法wéi fǎ wéi fǎ —— — —— — 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 隐瞒yǐn mán yǐn mán 了le le 公众gōng zhòng gōng zhòng 有yǒu yǒu 合法利益hé fǎ lì yì hé fǎ lì yì 看到kàn dào kàn dào 的de de 信息xìn xī xìn xī [[ [ 44 4 ]] ] 。。 。
33 3 .. . ** * ** * 信息xìn xī xìn xī 专员zhuān yuán zhuān yuán 的de de 判断pàn duàn pàn duàn :: : ** * ** * 独立dú lì dú lì 信息xìn xī xìn xī 专员zhuān yuán zhuān yuán 认定rèn dìng rèn dìng 发布fā bù fā bù ** * 不会bú huì bú huì ** * 损害sǔn hài sǔn hài 国际guó jì guó jì 关系guān xì guān xì 的de de 决定jué dìng jué dìng 削弱xuē ruò xuē ruò 了le le 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 所述suǒ shù suǒ shù 的de de 理由lǐ yóu lǐ yóu [[ [ 33 3 ]] ] 。。 。
44 4 .. . ** * ** * 时机shí jī shí jī 问题wèn tí wèn tí :: : ** * ** * 在zài zài ICJICJ ICJ 裁决cái jué cái jué 已经yǐ jīng yǐ jīng 公开化gōng kāi huà gōng kāi huà 争议zhēng yì zhēng yì 之后zhī hòu zhī hòu ,, , 超过chāo guò chāo guò 4.54.5 4.5 个gè gè 月yuè yuè 才cái cái 拒绝jù jué jù jué 标准biāo zhǔn biāo zhǔn 的de de FOIFOI FOI 请求qǐng qiú qǐng qiú ,, , 表明biǎo míng biǎo míng 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 的de de 担忧dān yōu dān yōu 被bèi bèi 夸大kuā dà kuā dà 了le le [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。

属实

8.0

/ 10

TurnbullTurnbull Turnbull 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 确实què shí què shí 拒绝jù jué jù jué 公开gōng kāi gōng kāi 发布fā bù fā bù 日本rì běn rì běn 捕鲸bǔ jīng bǔ jīng 活动huó dòng huó dòng 的de de 视频shì pín shì pín 片段piàn duàn piàn duàn ,, , 理由lǐ yóu lǐ yóu 是shì shì 可能kě néng kě néng 损害sǔn hài sǔn hài 国际guó jì guó jì 关系guān xì guān xì 。。 。
The Turnbull Government did refuse to publicly release video footage of Japanese whaling activities, citing potential damage to international relations.
这一zhè yī zhè yī 拒绝jù jué jù jué 有yǒu yǒu 充分chōng fèn chōng fèn 文件wén jiàn wén jiàn 记录jì lù jì lù ,, , 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 甚至shèn zhì shèn zhì 在zài zài 独立dú lì dú lì 信息xìn xī xìn xī 专员zhuān yuán zhuān yuán 于yú yú 20172017 2017 年nián nián 55 5 月yuè yuè 裁定cái dìng cái dìng 发布fā bù fā bù 不会bú huì bú huì 损害sǔn hài sǔn hài 国际guó jì guó jì 关系guān xì guān xì 后hòu hòu 继续jì xù jì xù 拒绝jù jué jù jué [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] [[ [ 33 3 ]] ] 。。 。
This refusal is well-documented, and the government continued to refuse even after an independent Information Commissioner ruled in May 2017 that the release would not harm international relations [1][3].
视频shì pín shì pín 最终zuì zhōng zuì zhōng 于yú yú 20172017 2017 年nián nián 1111 11 月yuè yuè 由yóu yóu SeaSea Sea ShepherdShepherd Shepherd 发布fā bù fā bù ,, , 而ér ér 非政府fēi zhèng fǔ fēi zhèng fǔ 主动zhǔ dòng zhǔ dòng 发布fā bù fā bù [[ [ 33 3 ]] ] 。。 。
The footage was ultimately released by Sea Shepherd in November 2017, not by government initiative [3].
这一zhè yī zhè yī 拒绝jù jué jù jué 要么yào me yào me 是shì shì 对duì duì 外交wài jiāo wài jiāo 损害sǔn hài sǔn hài 的de de 高估gāo gū gāo gū ,, , 要么yào me yào me 是shì shì 将jiāng jiāng 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 与yǔ yǔ 日本rì běn rì běn 的de de 关系guān xì guān xì 置于zhì yú zhì yú 对duì duì 已yǐ yǐ 记录jì lù jì lù 国际法guó jì fǎ guó jì fǎ 违规行为wéi guī xíng wéi wéi guī xíng wéi 的de de 公众gōng zhòng gōng zhòng 透明度tòu míng dù tòu míng dù 之上zhī shàng zhī shàng 。。 。
The refusal represented either an overestimation of diplomatic harm or a prioritization of Australia-Japan relations over public transparency regarding documented international law violations.
信息xìn xī xìn xī 专员zhuān yuán zhuān yuán 随后suí hòu suí hòu 认定rèn dìng rèn dìng 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 错误cuò wù cuò wù 的de de 决定jué dìng jué dìng 增强zēng qiáng zēng qiáng 了le le 该gāi gāi 主张zhǔ zhāng zhǔ zhāng 的de de 有效性yǒu xiào xìng yǒu xiào xìng 。。 。
The Information Commissioner's subsequent determination that the government was wrong strengthens the claim's validity.

📚 来源与引用 (8)

  1. 1
    Turnbull Government bans public from seeing Japanese whale-killing film - Sea Shepherd Australia (May 3, 2016)

    Turnbull Government bans public from seeing Japanese whale-killing film - Sea Shepherd Australia (May 3, 2016)

    File: Three dead minke whales, illegally slaughtered, on the deck of the Nisshin maru in 2014. The Australian Government has footage similar to this but is refu...

    Sea Shepherd Australia
  2. 2
    icj-cij.org

    Whaling in the Antarctic (Australia v. Japan) Judgment - International Court of Justice (March 31, 2014)

    Icj-cij

  3. 3
    Secret Japanese whaling video released by Customs after Sea Shepherd fight - ABC News (November 28, 2017)

    Secret Japanese whaling video released by Customs after Sea Shepherd fight - ABC News (November 28, 2017)

    The vision captured by Australian Customs officers in the Southern Ocean is so sensitive the Government fought for years to keep it secret, saying it could damage relations with Japan.

    Abc Net
  4. 4
    Australia Refuses to Release Japanese Whale-Killing Film - Maritime Executive (May 3, 2016)

    Australia Refuses to Release Japanese Whale-Killing Film - Maritime Executive (May 3, 2016)

    The Australia government has denied public access to photos and film of Japanese whaling activities in the Southern Ocean citing the ?damage? that

    The Maritime Executive
  5. 5
    Sea Shepherd Australia website - About Us

    Sea Shepherd Australia website - About Us

    Who We Are Sea Shepherd's Mission Statement Sea Shepherd Australia is a non-profit conservation organisation whose mission is to end the destruction of habitat and slaughter of wildlife in the world’s oceans in order to conserve and protect...

    Sea Shepherd Australia
  6. 6
    tasmaniantimes.com

    Turnbull Government protects Japanese whalers instead of whales - Tasmanian Times (May 2, 2016)

    Greens spokesperson for Whaling, Senator Peter Whish-Wilson, says that the Turnbull Government is doing more to protect the Japanese whalers from public

    Tasmanian Times
  7. 7
    sciencedirect.com

    Whaling as a two level game in Australian politics - Science Direct (2012)

    Sciencedirect

  8. 8
    legislation.gov.au

    Freedom of Information Act Australia section 47F - International Relations Exemption

    Federal Register of Legislation

评分方法

1-3: 不实

事实错误或恶意捏造。

4-6: 部分属实

有一定真实性,但缺乏背景或有所偏颇。

7-9: 基本属实

仅有微小的技术性或措辞问题。

10: 准确

完全经过验证且客观公正。

方法论: 评分通过交叉参照政府官方记录、独立事实核查机构和原始文件确定。