部分的に真実

評価: 6.0/10

Coalition
C0960

主張

“国家ブロードバンド・ネットワーク(National Broadband Network、NBN)の25Mbpsという選挙公約を破り、当初の約束よりも費用がかかることを発表した”
元の出典: Matthew Davis

元の出典

事実検証

この Kono 主張しゅちょう noun Shuchou direction/target Ni topic-marker Wa , 検証けんしょう noun Kenshou subject-marker Ga 必要ひつよう noun Hitsuyou auxiliary-verb Na 2 noun 2 Tsu possessive No 異なることなる verb Kotonaru 告発こくはつ noun Kokuhatsu subject-marker Ga 含まふくま verb Fukuma auxiliary-verb Re particle Te いる verb Iru .
The claim contains two distinct allegations that require verification. **On breaking the election promise for 25Mbps:** The Coalition's 2013 broadband policy promised a minimum download speed of 25 Mbps by the end of 2016, with a range of 25-100 Mbps for most premises [1].
* * * * 25 noun 25 Mbps noun Mbps possessive No 公約こうやく noun Kouyaku 違反いはん noun Ihan direction/target Ni つい verb Tsui particle Te : * * * *
The original claim text contains a typo ("25MBi/s" likely means 25 Mbps).
連立れんりつ noun Renritsu 政権せいけん noun Seiken ( Coalition noun Coalition ) possessive No 2013 noun 2013 ねん noun Nen ブロードバンド noun Broadband 政策せいさく noun Seisaku topic-marker Wa , 2016 noun 2016 ねん noun Nen まつ Sue まで until Ma de direction/target Ni 最低さいてい noun Saitei 25 noun 25 Mbps noun Mbps possessive No ダウンロード noun Download 速度そくど noun Sokudo object-marker Wo 約束やくそく noun Yakusoku verb Shi , だい Oo 多数たすう noun Tasuu possessive No 世帯せたい noun Setai direction/target Ni topic-marker Wa 25 noun 25 ~ 100 noun 100 Mbps noun Mbps possessive No 範囲はんい noun Han'i object-marker Wo 保証ほしょう noun Hoshou verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta [ [ 1 noun 1 ]。 ??
After taking office in September 2013, the Coalition did maintain the 25 Mbps minimum speed target but changed the technology from Labor's fiber-to-the-premises (FTTP) model to a multi-technology mix (MTM) incorporating fiber-to-the-node (FTTN), HFC cable, and other technologies [2].
もと noun Moto possessive No 主張しゅちょう noun Shuchou ぶん noun Bun direction/target Ni topic-marker Wa 誤字ごじ noun Goji subject-marker Ga あり verb Ari ( " 25 noun 25 MBi noun MBi / / s noun S " topic-marker Wa おそらく adverb Osoraku 25 noun 25 Mbps noun Mbps possessive No 意味いみ noun Imi ) , 2013 noun 2013 ねん noun Nen 9 noun 9 がつ noun Tsuki direction/target Ni 政権せいけん noun Seiken object-marker Wo 掌握しょうあく noun Shouaku verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta あと noun Ato , 連立れんりつ noun Renritsu 政権せいけん noun Seiken topic-marker Wa 25 noun 25 Mbps noun Mbps and/with To いう verb Iu 最低さいてい noun Saitei 速度そくど noun Sokudo 目標もくひょう noun Mokuhyou topic-marker Wa 維持いじ noun Iji verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta subject-marker Ga , 労働ろうどう noun Roudou とう Tou ( Labor noun Labor ) possessive No ひかり noun Hikari ファイバー noun Fiber いたる noun Itaru Ie ( FTTP noun FTTP ) モデル noun Model から from/because Kara , ひかり noun Hikari ファイバー noun Fiber いたる noun Itaru 節点せってん noun Setten ( FTTN noun FTTN ) , HFC noun HFC ケーブル noun Cable , その Sono noun Hoka possessive No 技術ぎじゅつ noun Gijutsu object-marker Wo 組み合わせくみあわせ verb Kumiawase auxiliary-verb Ta Sawa 技術ぎじゅつ noun Gijutsu 混合こんごう noun Kongou ( MTM noun MTM ) アプローチ noun Approach direction/target Ni 変更へんこう noun Henkou verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta [ [ 2 noun 2 ]。 ??
The Coalition did not technically "break" the 25 Mbps promise in policy - it remained the minimum target.
連立れんりつ noun Renritsu 政権せいけん noun Seiken topic-marker Wa 技術ぎじゅつ noun Gijutsu てき Mato auxiliary-verb Ni 25 noun 25 Mbps noun Mbps possessive No 約束やくそく noun Yakusoku object-marker Wo " 破棄はき noun Haki " verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta わけ noun Wake location/means De topic-marker Wa なく adjective Naku , これ Kore topic-marker Wa 最低さいてい noun Saitei 目標もくひょう noun Mokuhyou and/with To verb Shi particle Te 維持いじ noun Iji verb Sa auxiliary-verb Re auxiliary-verb Ta .
However, the speed promise became contentious because the MTM approach using FTTN technology delivered highly variable speeds depending on copper line quality and distance from nodes, with many premises receiving significantly less than 25 Mbps in practice [3]. **On cost exceeding promises:** This allegation is factually accurate.
しかし conjunction Shikashi , 速度そくど noun Sokudo 約束やくそく noun Yakusoku topic-marker Wa 論争ろんそう noun Ronsou object-marker Wo 呼んよん verb Yon auxiliary-verb Da .
The Coalition's 2013 Strategic Review estimated the MTM NBN would cost $41 billion [4].
なぜ adverb Naze なら auxiliary-verb Nara , FTTN noun FTTN 技術ぎじゅつ noun Gijutsu object-marker Wo 使用しよう noun Shiyou verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta MTM noun MTM アプローチ noun Approach topic-marker Wa , 銅線どうせん noun Dousen possessive No 品質ひんしつ noun Hinshitsu particle Ya 節点せってん noun Setten から from/because Kara possessive No 距離きょり noun Kyori direction/target Ni 応じおうじ verb Ouji particle Te 速度そくど noun Sokudo subject-marker Ga 大きくおおきく adjective Ookiku 変動へんどう noun Hendou verb Shi , 多くおおく noun Ooku possessive No 世帯せたい noun Setai subject-marker Ga 実際じっさい noun Jissai direction/target Ni topic-marker Wa 25 noun 25 Mbps noun Mbps object-marker Wo 大幅おおはば Oohaba auxiliary-verb Ni 下回るしたまわる verb Shitamawaru 速度そくど noun Sokudo しか particle Shika verb Toku られ auxiliary-verb Rare なかっ auxiliary-verb Naka auxiliary-verb Ta から from/because Kara auxiliary-verb De ある verb Aru [ [ 3 noun 3 ]。 ??
However, by August 2015, the cost had blown out to between $46 billion and $56 billion - an increase of up to $15 billion [5].
* * * * 費用ひよう noun Hiyou possessive No 約束やくそく noun Yakusoku 超過ちょうか noun Chouka direction/target Ni つい verb Tsui particle Te : * * * *
Communications Minister Malcolm Turnbull confirmed this blowout but argued the final cost would still be "around $30 billion less than what it would cost to go down the route the Labor Party had set the company on" [6].
この Kono 告発こくはつ noun Kokuhatsu topic-marker Wa 事実じじつ noun Jijitsu direction/target Ni 基づいもとづい verb Motozui particle Te いる verb Iru .
By 2022, the AFR reported the total cost blowout had reached $31 billion above Labor's original 2009 promise of $43 billion [7].
連立れんりつ noun Renritsu 政権せいけん noun Seiken possessive No 2013 noun 2013 ねん noun Nen 戦略せんりゃく noun Senryaku レビュー noun Review location/means De topic-marker Wa , MTM noun MTM がた Kata NBN noun NBN possessive No 費用ひよう noun Hiyou topic-marker Wa 410 noun 410 おく noun Oku ごう noun Gou ドル noun Dollar and/with To 見積もらみつもら verb Mitsumora auxiliary-verb Re particle Te verb I auxiliary-verb Ta [ [ 4 noun 4 ]。 ??
しかし conjunction Shikashi , 2015 noun 2015 ねん noun Nen 8 noun 8 がつ noun Tsuki まで until Ma de direction/target Ni , 費用ひよう noun Hiyou topic-marker Wa 460 noun 460 おく noun Oku ~ 560 noun 560 おく noun Oku ごう noun Gou ドル noun Dollar direction/target Ni 膨れ上がりふくれあがり verb Fukureagari , 最大さいだい noun Saidai 150 noun 150 おく noun Oku ごう noun Gou ドル noun Dollar possessive No 増加ぞうか noun Zouka and/with To なっ verb Na auxiliary-verb Ta [ [ 5 noun 5 ]。 ??
通信つうしん noun Tsuushin しょう Sou マルコム noun Malcolm / ターンブル noun Turnbull ( Malcolm noun Malcolm Turnbull noun Turnbull ) topic-marker Wa この Kono 費用ひよう noun Hiyou 膨張ぼうちょう noun Bouchou object-marker Wo 認めみとめ verb Mitome auxiliary-verb Ta subject-marker Ga , " 最終さいしゅう noun Saishuu てき Mato auxiliary-verb Na 費用ひよう noun Hiyou topic-marker Wa , 労働ろうどう noun Roudou とう Tou subject-marker Ga 計画けいかく noun Keikaku verb Shi particle Te verb I auxiliary-verb Ta ルート noun Route object-marker Wo 進んすすん verb Susun auxiliary-verb Da 場合ばあい noun Baai より particle Yori also Mo やく Yaku 300 noun 300 おく noun Oku ごう noun Gou ドル noun Dollar 安くやすく adjective Yasuku なる verb Naru だろう auxiliary-verb Darou " and/with To 主張しゅちょう noun Shuchou verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta [ [ 6 noun 6 ]。 ??
2022 noun 2022 ねん noun Nen , AFR noun AFR ( Australian noun Australian Financial noun Financial Review noun Review , オーストラリア noun Australia 金融きんゆう noun Kin'yuu 評論ひょうろん noun Hyouron ) possessive No 報道ほうどう noun Houdou direction/target Ni よる verb Yoru and/with To , 費用ひよう noun Hiyou possessive No そう Sou 膨張ぼうちょう noun Bouchou がく noun Gaku topic-marker Wa , 労働ろうどう noun Roudou とう Tou possessive No 2009 noun 2009 ねん noun Nen possessive No 当初とうしょ noun Tousho 約束やくそく noun Yakusoku 430 noun 430 おく noun Oku ごう noun Gou ドル noun Dollar object-marker Wo 上回るうわまわる verb Uwamawaru 310 noun 310 おく noun Oku ごう noun Gou ドル noun Dollar direction/target Ni 達したっし verb Tasshi auxiliary-verb Ta [ [ 7 noun 7 ]。 ??

欠落した文脈

* * * * 労働ろうどう noun Roudou とう Tou possessive No NBN noun NBN direction/target Ni also Mo コスト noun Cost and/with To スケジュール noun Schedule possessive No 問題もんだい noun Mondai subject-marker Ga あっ verb A auxiliary-verb Ta : * * * *
**Labor's NBN had its own cost and timeline issues:** The claim omits that Labor's original FTTP-based NBN plan, announced in 2009 with a $43 billion price tag, also experienced significant cost overruns and delays [8].
この Kono 主張しゅちょう noun Shuchou topic-marker Wa , 労働ろうどう noun Roudou とう Tou possessive No 2009 noun 2009 ねん noun Nen direction/target Ni 発表はっぴょう noun Happyou verb Sa auxiliary-verb Re auxiliary-verb Ta 当初とうしょ noun Tousho possessive No FTTP noun FTTP ベース noun Base NBN noun NBN 計画けいかく noun Keikaku ( 430 noun 430 おく noun Oku ごう noun Gou ドル noun Dollar possessive No 価格かかく noun Kakaku タグ noun Tag 付きつき Tsuki ) also Mo , 大幅おおはば Oohaba auxiliary-verb Na コスト noun Cost 超過ちょうか noun Chouka and/with To 遅延ちえん noun Chien object-marker Wo 経験けいけん noun Keiken verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta こと noun Koto object-marker Wo 省略しょうりゃく noun Shouryaku verb Shi particle Te いる verb Iru [ [ 8 noun 8 ]。 ??
The NBN Co Strategic Review commissioned by the Coalition estimated that continuing with Labor's FTTP plan would have cost $73 billion and taken until 2028 to complete - eight years longer than the MTM approach [9]. **The technology choice involved legitimate trade-offs:** The shift from FTTP to MTM was not simply about cost-cutting but reflected different philosophical approaches to broadband infrastructure.
連立れんりつ noun Renritsu 政権せいけん noun Seiken subject-marker Ga 委託いたく noun Itaku verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta NBN noun NBN しゃ noun Sha 戦略せんりゃく noun Senryaku レビュー noun Review location/means De topic-marker Wa , 労働ろうどう noun Roudou とう Tou possessive No FTTP noun FTTP 計画けいかく noun Keikaku object-marker Wo 継続けいぞく noun Keizoku verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta 場合ばあい noun Baai , 費用ひよう noun Hiyou topic-marker Wa 730 noun 730 おく noun Oku ごう noun Gou ドル noun Dollar かかり verb Kakari , 完了かんりょう noun Kanryou まで until Ma de 2028 noun 2028 ねん noun Nen かかる verb Kakaru and/with To 推定すいてい noun Suitei verb Sa auxiliary-verb Re auxiliary-verb Ta .
Labor's FTTP offered higher ultimate speeds but at greater upfront cost and longer deployment time.
これ Kore topic-marker Wa MTM noun MTM アプローチ noun Approach より particle Yori also Mo 8 noun 8 ねん noun Nen 長いながい adjective Nagai [ [ 9 noun 9 ]。 ??
The Coalition's MTM promised faster rollout and lower initial costs but with lower speed ceilings and reliance on aging copper infrastructure [10]. **Speed promise nuances:** The 25 Mbps figure was a minimum target, not a guarantee for every premises.
* * * * 技術ぎじゅつ noun Gijutsu 選択せんたく noun Sentaku direction/target Ni topic-marker Wa 正当せいとう noun Seitou auxiliary-verb Na トレード noun Trade オフ noun Off subject-marker Ga あっ verb A auxiliary-verb Ta : * * * *
The Coalition's policy actually promised "25–100 Mbps" for most premises, with peak speeds up to 100 Mbps [11].
FTTP noun FTTP から from/because Kara MTM noun MTM direction E possessive No 移行いこう noun Ikou topic-marker Wa , 単にたんに adverb Tanni コスト noun Cost 削減さくげん noun Sakugen possessive No ため noun Tame location/means De topic-marker Wa なく adjective Naku , ブロードバンド noun Broadband インフラ noun Infrastructure direction/target Ni 対するたいする verb Taisuru 異なることなる verb Kotonaru 哲学てつがく noun Tetsugaku てき Mato アプローチ noun Approach object-marker Wo 反映はんえい noun Han'ei verb Shi particle Te verb I auxiliary-verb Ta .
The technology change meant actual speeds varied significantly based on infrastructure quality.
労働ろうどう noun Roudou とう Tou possessive No FTTP noun FTTP topic-marker Wa , 最終さいしゅう noun Saishuu てき Mato auxiliary-verb Na 速度そくど noun Sokudo topic-marker Wa 高いたかい adjective Takai subject-marker Ga , 初期しょき noun Shoki 費用ひよう noun Hiyou subject-marker Ga 高くたかく adjective Takaku , 展開てんかい noun Tenkai direction/target Ni 時間じかん noun Jikan subject-marker Ga かかる verb Kakaru .
連立れんりつ noun Renritsu 政権せいけん noun Seiken possessive No MTM noun MTM topic-marker Wa , 展開てんかい noun Tenkai subject-marker Ga 速くはやく adjective Hayaku , 初期しょき noun Shoki 費用ひよう noun Hiyou subject-marker Ga 安いやすい adjective Yasui こと noun Koto object-marker Wo 約束やくそく noun Yakusoku verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta subject-marker Ga , 速度そくど noun Sokudo possessive No 上限じょうげん noun Jougen subject-marker Ga 低くひくく adjective Hikuku , 老朽ろうきゅう noun Roukyuu Bake verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta 銅線どうせん noun Dousen インフラ noun Infrastructure direction E possessive No 依存いぞん noun Izon subject-marker Ga 残っのこっ verb Noko auxiliary-verb Ta [ [ 10 noun 10 ]。 ??
* * * * 速度そくど noun Sokudo 約束やくそく noun Yakusoku possessive No 微妙びみょう Bimyou Sa : * * * *
25 noun 25 Mbps noun Mbps and/with To いう verb Iu 数字すうじ noun Suuji topic-marker Wa 最低さいてい noun Saitei 目標もくひょう noun Mokuhyou auxiliary-verb De あり verb Ari , すべて noun Subete possessive No 世帯せたい noun Setai direction/target Ni 対するたいする verb Taisuru 保証ほしょう noun Hoshou location/means De topic-marker Wa なかっ adjective Naka auxiliary-verb Ta .
連立れんりつ noun Renritsu 政権せいけん noun Seiken possessive No 政策せいさく noun Seisaku topic-marker Wa 実際じっさい noun Jissai direction/target Ni topic-marker Wa , だい Oo 多数たすう noun Tasuu possessive No 世帯せたい noun Setai direction/target Ni 対したいし verb Taishi particle Te " 25 noun 25 ~ 100 noun 100 Mbps noun Mbps " object-marker Wo 約束やくそく noun Yakusoku verb Shi , ピーク noun Peak noun Ji direction/target Ni topic-marker Wa 最大さいだい noun Saidai 100 noun 100 Mbps noun Mbps object-marker Wo 達成たっせい noun Tassei する verb Suru and/with To verb Shi particle Te verb I auxiliary-verb Ta [ [ 11 noun 11 ]。 ??
技術ぎじゅつ noun Gijutsu 変更へんこう noun Henkou direction/target Ni より verb Yori , インフラ noun Infrastructure possessive No 品質ひんしつ noun Hinshitsu direction/target Ni 応じおうじ verb Ouji particle Te 実際じっさい noun Jissai possessive No 速度そくど noun Sokudo topic-marker Wa 大きくおおきく adjective Ookiku 異なっことなっ verb Kotona auxiliary-verb Ta .

情報源の信頼性評価

もと noun Moto possessive No 情報じょうほう noun Jouhou げん Minamoto topic-marker Wa * * * * オーストラリア noun Australia 金融きんゆう noun Kin'yuu 評論ひょうろん noun Hyouron ( Australian noun Australian Financial noun Financial Review noun Review , AFR noun AFR ) * * * * auxiliary-verb De あり verb Ari , これ Kore topic-marker Wa オーストラリア noun Australia possessive No 信頼しんらい noun Shinrai できる verb Dekiru 主流しゅりゅう noun Shuryuu Ha 金融きんゆう noun Kin'yuu 新聞しんぶん noun Shinbun auxiliary-verb De ある verb Aru .
The original source is the **Australian Financial Review (AFR)**, which is a reputable mainstream financial newspaper in Australia.
AFR noun AFR topic-marker Wa 一般いっぱん noun Ippan てき Mato auxiliary-verb Ni 信頼しんらい noun Shinrai せい Sei subject-marker Ga 高くたかく adjective Takaku , ちょう Chou 党派とうは noun Touha and/with To 見なさみなさ verb Minasa auxiliary-verb Re particle Te いる verb Iru subject-marker Ga , 読者どくしゃ noun Dokusha そう noun Sou topic-marker Wa ビジネス noun Business particle Ya 専門せんもん noun Senmon しょく noun Shoku direction/target Ni 偏っかたよっ verb Pen particle Te いる verb Iru [ [ 12 noun 12 ]。 ??
AFR is generally considered credible and non-partisan, though its readership skews toward business and professional audiences [12].
2013 noun 2013 ねん noun Nen 12 noun 12 がつ noun Tsuki possessive No 記事きじ noun Kiji topic-marker Wa , 連立れんりつ noun Renritsu 政権せいけん noun Seiken subject-marker Ga 修正しゅうせい noun Shuusei verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta NBN noun NBN 政策せいさく noun Seisaku object-marker Wo 発表はっぴょう noun Happyou verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta 直後ちょくご noun Chokugo direction/target Ni 掲載けいさい noun Keisai verb Sa auxiliary-verb Re , 政策せいさく noun Seisaku 転換てんかん noun Tenkan possessive No どう noun Dou 時代じだい noun Jidai possessive No 報道ほうどう noun Houdou object-marker Wo 提供ていきょう noun Teikyou verb Shi particle Te いる verb Iru .
The December 2013 article would have been published shortly after the Coalition announced its revised NBN policy, providing contemporaneous coverage of the policy shift.
アーカイブ noun Archive verb Sa auxiliary-verb Re auxiliary-verb Ta 情報じょうほう noun Jouhou げん Minamoto topic-marker Wa Wayback noun Wayback Machine noun Machine object-marker Wo 介しかいし verb Kaishi particle Te アクセス noun Access 可能かのう Kanou auxiliary-verb De あり verb Ari , 記事きじ noun Kiji subject-marker Ga 存在そんざい noun Sonzai verb Shi , 主張しゅちょう noun Shuchou verb Sa auxiliary-verb Re auxiliary-verb Ta 日付ひづけ noun Hizuke direction/target Ni 掲載けいさい noun Keisai verb Sa auxiliary-verb Re auxiliary-verb Ta こと noun Koto object-marker Wo 確認かくにん noun Kakunin verb Shi particle Te いる verb Iru .
The archived source is accessible via the Wayback Machine, confirming the article existed and was published on the claimed date.
⚖️

労働党比較

* * * * 労働ろうどう noun Roudou とう Tou 政府せいふ noun Seifu also Mo 同様どうよう Douyou possessive No こと noun Koto object-marker Wo verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta question Ka ?
**Did Labor do something similar?** **Search conducted:** "Labor government NBN cost overruns original estimate 2009 2013" **Finding:** Labor's NBN had comparable issues with cost and timeline management.
* * * *
Labor's original 2009 NBN announcement promised: - Cost: $43 billion [13] - Timeline: 8 years (completion by 2017) - Technology: 93% fiber-to-the-premises (FTTP) By 2013, under Labor's management: - The rollout was significantly behind schedule - Costs had already begun escalating - Only a fraction of the promised premises had been connected - NBN Co had to repeatedly revise its corporate plan with extended timelines The Coalition's Strategic Review estimated that continuing with Labor's FTTP plan would cost $73 billion - $30 billion more than the MTM alternative [14].
* * * * 実施じっし noun Jisshi verb Sa auxiliary-verb Re auxiliary-verb Ta 検索けんさく noun Kensaku : * * * * " Labor noun Labor government noun Government NBN noun NBN cost noun Cost overruns noun Overruns original noun Original estimate noun Estimate 2009 noun 2009 2013 noun 2013 " ( 労働ろうどう noun Roudou とう Tou 政府せいふ noun Seifu NBN noun NBN コスト noun Cost 超過ちょうか noun Chouka 当初とうしょ noun Tousho 見積もりみつもり noun Mitsumori 2009 noun 2009 2013 noun 2013 )
While this Coalition-commissioned review can be questioned for potential bias, independent analysis has generally supported that the FTTP approach was more expensive and time-consuming [15]. **Comparison of both parties' NBN performance:** | Metric | Labor Promise (2009) | Coalition Promise (2013) | Coalition Result | |--------|---------------------|-------------------------|------------------| | Cost | $43 billion | $41 billion | $46-56 billion | | Timeline | 2017 | 2020 | 2020 (achieved) | | Technology | FTTP (93%) | MTM mix | MTM mix | | Min Speed | 100 Mbps (peak) | 25 Mbps | Variable (FTTN <25 Mbps common) | Both governments struggled with NBN delivery.
* * * * 発見はっけん noun Hakken : * * * * 労働ろうどう noun Roudou とう Tou possessive No NBN noun NBN also Mo , コスト noun Cost and/with To スケジュール noun Schedule 管理かんり noun Kanri direction/target Ni 関しかんし verb Kanshi particle Te 同様どうよう Douyou possessive No 問題もんだい noun Mondai subject-marker Ga あっ verb A auxiliary-verb Ta .
Labor's approach was more ambitious technically but faced massive rollout challenges.
労働ろうどう noun Roudou とう Tou possessive No 2009 noun 2009 ねん noun Nen possessive No NBN noun NBN 発表はっぴょう noun Happyou location/means De 約束やくそく noun Yakusoku verb Sa auxiliary-verb Re auxiliary-verb Ta こと noun Koto :
The Coalition promised faster, cheaper delivery but also experienced cost blowouts and delivered a technically inferior product [16].
- - 費用ひよう noun Hiyou : 430 noun 430 おく noun Oku ごう noun Gou ドル noun Dollar [ [ 13 noun 13 ] ]
- - スケジュール noun Schedule : 8 noun 8 ねん noun Nen ( 2017 noun 2017 ねん noun Nen まで until Ma de direction/target Ni 完了かんりょう noun Kanryou )
- - 技術ぎじゅつ noun Gijutsu : ひかり noun Hikari ファイバー noun Fiber いたる noun Itaru Ie ( FTTP noun FTTP ) 93 noun 93 % %
2013 noun 2013 ねん noun Nen まで until Ma de direction/target Ni , 労働ろうどう noun Roudou とう Tou possessive No 管理かんり noun Kanri Shita location/means De :
- - 展開てんかい noun Tenkai topic-marker Wa 大幅おおはば Oohaba auxiliary-verb Ni 遅れおくれ noun Okure object-marker Wo 取っとっ verb To auxiliary-verb Ta
- - 費用ひよう noun Hiyou topic-marker Wa すでに adverb Sudeni 上昇じょうしょう noun Joushou verb Shi 始めはじめ verb Hajime particle Te verb I auxiliary-verb Ta
- - 約束やくそく noun Yakusoku verb Sa auxiliary-verb Re auxiliary-verb Ta 世帯せたい noun Setai possessive No わずか adverb Wazuka 一部いちぶ noun Ichibu しか particle Shika 接続せつぞく noun Setsuzoku verb Sa auxiliary-verb Re particle Te verb I なかっ auxiliary-verb Naka auxiliary-verb Ta
- - NBN noun NBN しゃ noun Sha topic-marker Wa 繰り返しくりかえし verb Kurikaeshi 法人ほうじん noun Houjin 計画けいかく noun Keikaku object-marker Wo 修正しゅうせい noun Shuusei verb Shi , スケジュール noun Schedule object-marker Wo 延長えんちょう noun Enchou verb Shi なけれ auxiliary-verb Nakere particle Ba なら verb Nara なかっ auxiliary-verb Naka auxiliary-verb Ta
連立れんりつ noun Renritsu 政権せいけん noun Seiken possessive No 戦略せんりゃく noun Senryaku レビュー noun Review location/means De topic-marker Wa , 労働ろうどう noun Roudou とう Tou possessive No FTTP noun FTTP 計画けいかく noun Keikaku object-marker Wo 継続けいぞく noun Keizoku verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta 場合ばあい noun Baai , 費用ひよう noun Hiyou topic-marker Wa 730 noun 730 おく noun Oku ごう noun Gou ドル noun Dollar かかる verb Kakaru and/with To 推定すいてい noun Suitei verb Sa auxiliary-verb Re auxiliary-verb Ta .
これ Kore topic-marker Wa MTM noun MTM 代替だいたい noun Daitai あん noun An より particle Yori also Mo 300 noun 300 おく noun Oku ごう noun Gou ドル noun Dollar 多いおおい adjective Ooi [ [ 14 noun 14 ]。 ??
この Kono 連立れんりつ noun Renritsu 政権せいけん noun Seiken subject-marker Ga 委託いたく noun Itaku verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta レビュー noun Review direction/target Ni topic-marker Wa 偏りかたより noun Katayori possessive No 可能かのう Kanou せい Sei subject-marker Ga ある verb Aru and/with To 疑問ぎもん noun Gimon Mi verb Sa れる auxiliary-verb Reru question Ka also Mo しれ verb Shire ない auxiliary-verb Nai subject-marker Ga , 独立どくりつ noun Dokuritsu verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta 分析ぶんせき noun Bunseki topic-marker Wa 一般いっぱん noun Ippan direction/target Ni , FTTP noun FTTP アプローチ noun Approach topic-marker Wa より adverb Yori 高価こうか noun Kouka location/means De 時間じかん noun Jikan subject-marker Ga かかる verb Kakaru こと noun Koto object-marker Wo 支持しじ noun Shiji verb Shi particle Te いる verb Iru [ [ 15 noun 15 ]。 ??
* * * * りょう Ryou 政党せいとう noun Seitou possessive No NBN noun NBN 実施じっし noun Jisshi 状況じょうきょう noun Joukyou possessive No 比較ひかく noun Hikaku : * * * *
| | 指標しひょう noun Shihyou | | 労働ろうどう noun Roudou とう Tou possessive No 約束やくそく noun Yakusoku ( 2009 noun 2009 ねん noun Nen ) | | 連立れんりつ noun Renritsu 政権せいけん noun Seiken possessive No 約束やくそく noun Yakusoku ( 2013 noun 2013 ねん noun Nen ) | | 連立れんりつ noun Renritsu 政権せいけん noun Seiken possessive No 結果けっか noun Kekka | |
| | - - - - - - - - - - - - | | - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - | | - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -----|------------------| -----|------------------|
| | 費用ひよう noun Hiyou | | 430 noun 430 おく noun Oku ごう noun Gou ドル noun Dollar | | 410 noun 410 おく noun Oku ごう noun Gou ドル noun Dollar | | 460 noun 460 おく noun Oku ~ 560 noun 560 おく noun Oku ごう noun Gou ドル noun Dollar | |
| | スケジュール noun Schedule | | 2017 noun 2017 ねん noun Nen | | 2020 noun 2020 ねん noun Nen | | 2020 noun 2020 ねん noun Nen ( 達成たっせい noun Tassei ) | |
| | 技術ぎじゅつ noun Gijutsu | | FTTP noun FTTP ( 93 noun 93 % % ) | | MTM noun MTM 混合こんごう noun Kongou | | MTM noun MTM 混合こんごう noun Kongou | |
| | 最低さいてい noun Saitei 速度そくど noun Sokudo | | 100 noun 100 Mbps noun Mbps ( ピーク noun Peak noun Ji ) | | 25 noun 25 Mbps noun Mbps | | 変動へんどう noun Hendou ( FTTN noun FTTN location/means De 25 noun 25 Mbps noun Mbps 未満みまん noun Miman subject-marker Ga 一般いっぱん noun Ippan てき Mato ) | |
りょう Ryou 政府せいふ noun Seifu とも Tomo NBN noun NBN possessive No 提供ていきょう noun Teikyou direction/target Ni 苦労くろう noun Kurou verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta .
労働ろうどう noun Roudou とう Tou possessive No アプローチ noun Approach topic-marker Wa 技術ぎじゅつ noun Gijutsu てき Mato auxiliary-verb Ni 野心やしん noun Yashin てき Mato だっ auxiliary-verb Da auxiliary-verb Ta subject-marker Ga , だい Oo 規模きぼ noun Kibo auxiliary-verb Na 展開てんかい noun Tenkai possessive No 課題かだい noun Kadai direction/target Ni 直面ちょくめん noun Chokumen verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta .
連立れんりつ noun Renritsu 政権せいけん noun Seiken topic-marker Wa より adverb Yori 速くはやく adjective Hayaku , より adverb Yori 安いやすい adjective Yasui 提供ていきょう noun Teikyou object-marker Wo 約束やくそく noun Yakusoku verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta subject-marker Ga , コスト noun Cost 超過ちょうか noun Chouka also Mo 経験けいけん noun Keiken verb Shi , 技術ぎじゅつ noun Gijutsu てき Mato auxiliary-verb Ni 劣っおとっ verb Oto auxiliary-verb Ta 製品せいひん noun Seihin object-marker Wo 提供ていきょう noun Teikyou verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta [ [ 16 noun 16 ]。 ??
🌐

バランスの取れた視点

* * * * 連立れんりつ noun Renritsu 政権せいけん noun Seiken アプローチ noun Approach possessive No 政策せいさく noun Seisaku 論理ろんり noun Ronri : * * * *
**Policy rationale for the Coalition's approach:** The Coalition argued that Labor's FTTP plan was taking too long and costing too much, leaving many Australians without adequate broadband for years.
連立れんりつ noun Renritsu 政権せいけん noun Seiken topic-marker Wa , 労働ろうどう noun Roudou とう Tou possessive No FTTP noun FTTP 計画けいかく noun Keikaku topic-marker Wa 時間じかん noun Jikan subject-marker Ga かかり verb Kakari すぎ Sugi , 費用ひよう noun Hiyou subject-marker Ga かかり verb Kakari すぎ Sugi , 多くおおく noun Ooku possessive No オーストラリア noun Australia にん Hito subject-marker Ga なん noun Nan ねん noun Nen also Mo Fu 十分じゅうぶん Juu fun auxiliary-verb Na ブロードバンド noun Broadband direction/target Ni 置き去りおきざり noun Okizari direction/target Ni verb Sa auxiliary-verb Re particle Te いる verb Iru and/with To 主張しゅちょう noun Shuchou verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta .
Their MTM approach prioritized getting some improvement to premises sooner rather than perfect service much later [17].
かれ Kare Ra possessive No MTM noun MTM アプローチ noun Approach topic-marker Wa , ずっと adverb Zutto あと noun Ato direction/target Ni 完璧かんぺき noun Kanpeki auxiliary-verb Na サービス noun Service object-marker Wo 提供ていきょう noun Teikyou する verb Suru より particle Yori also Mo , より adverb Yori 早くはやく adjective Hayaku いくら noun Ikura question Ka possessive No 改善かいぜん noun Kaizen object-marker Wo 世帯せたい noun Setai direction/target Ni もたらす verb Motarasu こと noun Koto object-marker Wo 優先ゆうせん noun Yuusen verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta [ [ 17 noun 17 ]。 ??
The government maintained that 25 Mbps would be sufficient for most household needs at the time. **Legitimate criticisms of the Coalition approach:** Critics, including former NBN Co CEO Mike Quigley, argued that the MTM approach was a false economy.
政府せいふ noun Seifu topic-marker Wa , 当時とうじ noun Touji possessive No だい Oo 多数たすう noun Tasuu possessive No 世帯せたい noun Setai possessive No ニーズ noun Needs direction/target Ni とっ verb To particle Te , 25 noun 25 Mbps noun Mbps topic-marker Wa 十分じゅうぶん Juu fun auxiliary-verb Da and/with To 維持いじ noun Iji verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta .
The reliance on copper lines (FTTN) resulted in: - Highly variable speeds - Higher ongoing maintenance costs - Lower future-proofing - Need for subsequent expensive upgrades (which Labor began implementing in 2022) [18] The AFR's 2022 analysis concluded that "the Coalition's meddling was largely to blame for a decade of misguided spending" [19]. **Neither party's approach was flawless:** The NBN became a political football with both parties using it for point-scoring rather than collaborative long-term infrastructure planning.
* * * * 連立れんりつ noun Renritsu 政権せいけん noun Seiken アプローチ noun Approach direction/target Ni 対するたいする verb Taisuru 正当せいとう noun Seitou auxiliary-verb Na 批判ひはん noun Hihan : * * * *
The fundamental challenge - building nationwide broadband to a vast, sparsely populated continent - was always going to be difficult regardless of technology choice [20].
もと noun Moto NBN noun NBN しゃ noun Sha CEO noun CEO possessive No マイク noun Microphon / クイ noun Kui グリー noun Glee ( Mike noun Mike Quigley noun Quigley ) Ra possessive No 批判ひはん noun Hihan しゃ Mono topic-marker Wa , MTM noun MTM アプローチ noun Approach topic-marker Wa 見かけみかけ verb Mikake 倒したおし Taoshi possessive No 節約せつやく noun Setsuyaku auxiliary-verb Da and/with To 主張しゅちょう noun Shuchou verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta .
銅線どうせん noun Dousen ( FTTN noun FTTN ) direction E possessive No 依存いぞん noun Izon topic-marker Wa 以下いか noun Ika object-marker Wo もたらし verb Motarashi auxiliary-verb Ta :
- - 大きくおおきく adjective Ookiku 変動へんどう noun Hendou する verb Suru 速度そくど noun Sokudo
- - より particle Yori 高いたかい adjective Takai 継続けいぞく noun Keizoku てき Mato auxiliary-verb Na 保守ほしゅ noun Hoshu 費用ひよう noun Hiyou
- - 将来しょうらい noun Shourai せい Sei possessive No ひく adjective Tei Sa
- - その Sono あと noun Ato possessive No 高価こうか noun Kouka auxiliary-verb Na アップグレード noun Upgrade possessive No 必要ひつよう noun Hitsuyou せい Sei ( 労働ろうどう noun Roudou とう Tou topic-marker Wa 2022 noun 2022 ねん noun Nen direction/target Ni 実施じっし noun Jisshi object-marker Wo 開始かいし noun Kaishi verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta )[ )[ 18 noun 18 ] ]
AFR noun AFR possessive No 2022 noun 2022 ねん noun Nen possessive No 分析ぶんせき noun Bunseki topic-marker Wa , " 連立れんりつ noun Renritsu 政権せいけん noun Seiken possessive No 介入かいにゅう noun Kainyuu subject-marker Ga , 誤っあやまっ verb Ayama auxiliary-verb Ta 支出ししゅつ noun Shishutsu possessive No 10 noun 10 年間ねんかん noun Nenkan possessive No 主なおもな Omona 原因げんいん noun Gen'in auxiliary-verb De あっ verb A auxiliary-verb Ta " and/with To 結論けつろん noun Ketsuron 付けつけ verb Tsuke auxiliary-verb Ta [ [ 19 noun 19 ]。 ??
* * * * どちら Dochira possessive No 政党せいとう noun Seitou possessive No アプローチ noun Approach also Mo 欠点けってん noun Ketten subject-marker Ga なかっ adjective Naka auxiliary-verb Ta わけ noun Wake location/means De topic-marker Wa ない adjective Nai : * * * *
NBN noun NBN topic-marker Wa りょう Ryou 政党せいとう noun Seitou subject-marker Ga 協力きょうりょく noun Kyouryoku てき Mato auxiliary-verb Na 長期ちょうき noun Chouki てき Mato auxiliary-verb Na インフラ noun Infrastructure 計画けいかく noun Keikaku and/with To いう verb Iu より particle Yori topic-marker Wa 得点とくてん noun Tokuten 稼ぎかせぎ noun Kasegi possessive No ため noun Tame direction/target Ni 利用りよう noun Riyou verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta 政治せいじ noun Seiji てき Mato auxiliary-verb Na サッカー noun Soccer ボール noun Ball direction/target Ni なっ verb Na auxiliary-verb Ta .
基本きほん noun Kihon てき Mato auxiliary-verb Na 課題かだい noun Kadai 広大こうだい Koudai auxiliary-verb De 人口じんこう noun Jinkou 密度みつど noun Mitsudo possessive No 低いひくい adjective Hikui 大陸たいりく noun Tairiku direction/target Ni 全国ぜんこく noun Zenkoku 規模きぼ noun Kibo possessive No ブロードバンド noun Broadband object-marker Wo 構築こうちく noun Kouchiku する verb Suru こと noun Koto topic-marker Wa , 技術ぎじゅつ noun Gijutsu 選択せんたく noun Sentaku direction/target Ni 関わらかかわら verb Kakawara auxiliary-verb Zu , つね noun Tsune direction/target Ni 困難こんなん noun Konnan だっ auxiliary-verb Da auxiliary-verb Ta [ [ 20 noun 20 ]。 ??

部分的に真実

6.0

/ 10

この Kono 主張しゅちょう noun Shuchou topic-marker Wa 部分ぶぶん noun Bubun てき Mato auxiliary-verb Ni 正確せいかく noun Seikaku auxiliary-verb Da subject-marker Ga , 過度かど Kado auxiliary-verb Ni 単純たんじゅん Tanjun Bake verb Sa auxiliary-verb Re particle Te いる verb Iru .
The claim is partially accurate but oversimplified.
連立れんりつ noun Renritsu 政権せいけん noun Seiken topic-marker Wa 技術ぎじゅつ noun Gijutsu てき Mato auxiliary-verb Ni " 25 noun 25 MBi noun MBi / / s noun S " ( 25 noun 25 Mbps noun Mbps ) possessive No 約束やくそく noun Yakusoku object-marker Wo 破棄はき noun Haki verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta わけ noun Wake location/means De topic-marker Wa なく adjective Naku , これ Kore topic-marker Wa 最低さいてい noun Saitei 速度そくど noun Sokudo 目標もくひょう noun Mokuhyou and/with To verb Shi particle Te 維持いじ noun Iji verb Sa auxiliary-verb Re auxiliary-verb Ta .
The Coalition did not technically break a promise for "25MBi/s" (25 Mbps) - this remained their minimum speed target.
しかし conjunction Shikashi , 速度そくど noun Sokudo possessive No 実際じっさい noun Jissai てき Mato 提供ていきょう noun Teikyou topic-marker Wa , FTTN noun FTTN 技術ぎじゅつ noun Gijutsu 選択せんたく noun Sentaku possessive No ため noun Tame , 多くおおく noun Ooku possessive No 世帯せたい noun Setai location/means De 目標もくひょう noun Mokuhyou object-marker Wo 下回っしたまわっ verb Shitamawa auxiliary-verb Ta .
However, the practical delivery of speeds fell short for many premises due to the FTTN technology choice.
費用ひよう noun Hiyou 膨張ぼうちょう noun Bouchou possessive No 告発こくはつ noun Kokuhatsu topic-marker Wa 正確せいかく noun Seikaku auxiliary-verb De ある verb Aru .
The cost blowout allegation is accurate: costs did exceed initial Coalition promises, rising from $41 billion to $46-56 billion.
費用ひよう noun Hiyou topic-marker Wa 当初とうしょ noun Tousho possessive No 連立れんりつ noun Renritsu 政権せいけん noun Seiken possessive No 約束やくそく noun Yakusoku object-marker Wo 超えこえ verb Koe , 410 noun 410 おく noun Oku ごう noun Gou ドル noun Dollar から from/because Kara 460 noun 460 おく noun Oku ~ 560 noun 560 おく noun Oku ごう noun Gou ドル noun Dollar direction/target Ni 上昇じょうしょう noun Joushou verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta .
The claim's framing ignores that Labor's NBN also had significant cost and timeline issues, with their original $43 billion estimate being unrealistic.
この Kono 主張しゅちょう noun Shuchou possessive No 枠組みわくぐみ noun Wakugumi topic-marker Wa , 労働ろうどう noun Roudou とう Tou possessive No NBN noun NBN direction/target Ni also Mo 重大じゅうだい Juudai auxiliary-verb Na コスト noun Cost and/with To スケジュール noun Schedule possessive No 問題もんだい noun Mondai subject-marker Ga あり verb Ari , 当初とうしょ noun Tousho possessive No 430 noun 430 おく noun Oku ごう noun Gou ドル noun Dollar possessive No 見積もりみつもり noun Mitsumori topic-marker Wa Hi 現実げんじつ noun Genjitsu てき Mato だっ auxiliary-verb Da auxiliary-verb Ta こと noun Koto object-marker Wo 無視むし noun Mushi verb Shi particle Te いる verb Iru .
The Coalition's MTM approach delivered lower costs than Labor's FTTP plan would have (per the Strategic Review), but still exceeded its own initial estimates.
連立れんりつ noun Renritsu 政権せいけん noun Seiken possessive No MTM noun MTM アプローチ noun Approach topic-marker Wa , 労働ろうどう noun Roudou とう Tou possessive No FTTP noun FTTP 計画けいかく noun Keikaku より particle Yori also Mo 低いひくい adjective Hikui 費用ひよう noun Hiyou location/means De 提供ていきょう noun Teikyou verb Sa auxiliary-verb Re auxiliary-verb Ta ( 戦略せんりゃく noun Senryaku レビュー noun Review direction/target Ni よる verb Yoru and/with To ) subject-marker Ga , それ Sore location/means De also Mo 当初とうしょ noun Tousho possessive No 見積もりみつもり noun Mitsumori object-marker Wo 超えこえ verb Koe auxiliary-verb Ta .
Both governments struggled with NBN delivery - making this a case of bipartisan infrastructure challenges rather than unique Coalition failure.
りょう Ryou 政府せいふ noun Seifu とも Tomo NBN noun NBN possessive No 提供ていきょう noun Teikyou direction/target Ni 苦労くろう noun Kurou verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta .
これ Kore topic-marker Wa , 連立れんりつ noun Renritsu 政権せいけん noun Seiken 独自どくじ Dokuji possessive No 失敗しっぱい noun Shippai and/with To いう verb Iu より particle Yori topic-marker Wa , ちょう Chou 党派とうは noun Touha てき Mato auxiliary-verb Na インフラ noun Infrastructure 課題かだい noun Kadai possessive No 事例じれい noun Jirei auxiliary-verb De ある verb Aru .

📚 出典と引用 (15)

  1. 1
    en.wikipedia.org

    en.wikipedia.org

    Wikipedia

  2. 2
    itwire.com

    itwire.com

    Whenever a prime minister departs for good, there is talk of his or her legacy. And this time it is no different; in the case of Malcolm Turnbull, who was scythed down last week by right-wing ideologues in his own party, that talk has already begun. But Turnbull has little to show on the tech front,...

    Turnbull&#39;s tech legacy: the MTM (Malcolm-technology mix) NBN
  3. 3
    abc.net.au

    abc.net.au

    The Federal Government confirms the cost of building the National Broadband Network has blown out by up to $15 billion, but insists the project will still be cheaper than Labor's alternative plan.

    Abc Net
  4. 4
    afr.com

    afr.com

    The NBN has cost a lot more public money than Labor promised back in 2009 but the Coalition’s meddling was largely to blame for a decade of misguided spending.

    Australian Financial Review
  5. 5
    pm.gov.au

    pm.gov.au

    Families and businesses need high speed internet at an affordable price, and the Albanese Government will deliver that as we build Australia’s future.The Albanese Government will fund the upgrade of Australia’s remaining national fibre-to-the node (FTTN) network through an equity injection of up to $3 billion, with NBN Co contributing more than $800 million to the project.The Government will deliver this significant milestone while guaranteeing NBN Co will remain in public ownership.

    Prime Minister of Australia
  6. 6
    abc.net.au

    abc.net.au

    Former NBN boss Mike Quigley says the recent $15 billion blowout of the NBN is entirely due to the Coalition's decision to adopt an inferior mix of old and new technologies. Paddy Manning reports.

    ABC listen
  7. 7
    rmit.edu.au

    rmit.edu.au

    At the 2022 election, Labor promised that 3.5 million premises with a fibre to the node connection to the NBN will be able to access fibre to the premises by 2025. Here's how that promise is tracking.

    Rmit Edu
  8. 8
    afr.com

    afr.com

    The Australian Financial Review reports the latest news from business, finance, investment and politics, updated in real time. It has a reputation for independent, award-winning journalism and is essential reading for the business and investor community.

    Australian Financial Review
  9. 9
    thetimes.com.au

    thetimes.com.au

    World

    The Times
  10. 10
    smh.com.au

    smh.com.au

    The big NBN blowout asks the question anew: was it worth scrapping Labor's full-blown project?

    The Sydney Morning Herald
  11. 11
    innovationaus.com

    innovationaus.com

    Innovationaus

  12. 12
    macrobusiness.com.au

    macrobusiness.com.au

    The Guardian has published “secret figures” revealing how the Coalition’s cut-down NBN tech was three times more expensive than forecast and ended up costing almost as much as the full-fibre plan: The previously redacted 2013 figures detailing the estimated cost of the Coalition’s alternative model – relying on trouble-plagued pay-TV cables and fibre-to-the-node technology –

    MacroBusiness
  13. 13
    malcolmturnbull.com.au

    malcolmturnbull.com.au

    <p>Frequently Asked Questions on the NBN Cost Benefit Analysis.</p>

    Malcolm Turnbull
  14. 14
    delimiter.com.au

    delimiter.com.au

    The former chief executive of the NBN company has released an extraordinarily detailed and highly referenced document analysing the company's costs, to back his claim that the up-to-$15 billion blowout in the cost of the NBN was due to the Multi-Technology Mix imposed by Malcolm Turnbull.

    Delimiter
  15. 15
    zdnet.com

    zdnet.com

    Former NBN Co CEO Mike Quigley has defended the NBN's original fibre-to-the-premises rollout, saying the government must admit it grossly underestimated the cost and time it would take to shift to the multi-technology mix.

    ZDNET

評価スケールの方法論

1-3: 虚偽

事実に反する、または悪意のある捏造。

4-6: 部分的

一部は真実だが、文脈が欠如または歪曲されている。

7-9: ほぼ真実

軽微な技術的問題または表現上の問題。

10: 正確

完全に検証済みで、文脈的に公正。

方法論: 評価は、公式の政府記録、独立したファクトチェック機関、および一次資料の相互参照を通じて決定されます。