部分属实

评分: 5.0/10

Coalition
C0198

声明内容

“在声称美国政府无法查看敏感的COVIDSafe数据时撒谎,尽管允许美国政府强迫亚马逊交出数据的美国加密后门法律,正是启发澳大利亚政府近期加密后门立法的同一批法律。”
原始来源: Matthew Davis

原始来源

✅ 事实核查

###### ### 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 关于guān yú guān yú 美国měi guó měi guó 访问fǎng wèn fǎng wèn 权限quán xiàn quán xiàn 的de de 说法shuō fǎ shuō fǎ
### Government Claims About US Access
澳大利亚政府ào dà lì yà zhèng fǔ ào dà lì yà zhèng fǔ 通过tōng guò tōng guò 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 服务fú wù fú wù 部长bù zhǎng bù zhǎng StuartStuart Stuart RobertRobert Robert 发表声明fā biǎo shēng míng fā biǎo shēng míng ,, , 就jiù jiù 美国měi guó měi guó 访问fǎng wèn fǎng wèn COVIDSafeCOVIDSafe COVIDSafe 数据shù jù shù jù 一事yī shì yī shì 提供tí gōng tí gōng 保证bǎo zhèng bǎo zhèng 。。 。
The Australian government, through Minister for Government Services Stuart Robert, made statements that provided assurances about US access to COVIDSafe data.
据jù jù ZDNetZDNet ZDNet 20202020 2020 年nián nián 55 5 月yuè yuè 的de de 报道bào dào bào dào ,, , RobertRobert Robert 部长bù zhǎng bù zhǎng 发言人fā yán rén fā yán rén 表示biǎo shì biǎo shì :: : "" " 上传shàng chuán shàng chuán 的de de 接触jiē chù jiē chù 信息xìn xī xìn xī 将jiāng jiāng 存储cún chǔ cún chǔ 在zài zài 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 境内jìng nèi jìng nèi 的de de 高度gāo dù gāo dù 安全ān quán ān quán 信息xìn xī xìn xī 存储系统cún chǔ xì tǒng cún chǔ xì tǒng 中zhōng zhōng ,, , 并bìng bìng 受到shòu dào shòu dào 额外é wài é wài 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 的de de 保护bǎo hù bǎo hù ,, , 仅限jǐn xiàn jǐn xiàn 医疗yī liáo yī liáo 专业zhuān yè zhuān yè 人员rén yuán rén yuán 访问fǎng wèn fǎng wèn "" " [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
According to a ZDNet report from May 2020, a spokesperson for Minister Robert stated: "Uploaded contact information will be stored in Australia in a highly secure information storage system and protected by additional laws to restrict access to health professionals only" [1].
政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 还hái hái 声称shēng chēng shēng chēng ,, , 根据gēn jù gēn jù 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ ,, , "" " 将jiāng jiāng 数据传输shù jù chuán shū shù jù chuán shū 至zhì zhì 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 以外yǐ wài yǐ wài 任何rèn hé rèn hé 国家guó jiā guó jiā 均jūn jūn 属shǔ shǔ 刑事犯罪xíng shì fàn zuì xíng shì fàn zuì ,, , 可kě kě 判处pàn chǔ pàn chǔ 五年wǔ nián wǔ nián 监禁jiān jìn jiān jìn 和hé hé // / 或huò huò 300300 300 个罚gè fá gè fá 单位dān wèi dān wèi —— — —— — 相当于xiāng dāng yú xiāng dāng yú 6363 63 ,, , 000000 000 澳元ào yuán ào yuán "" " [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
The government also claimed that under law, "it is a criminal offence to transfer data to any country other than Australia, with a penalty of imprisonment for five years and/or 300 penalty units -- AU$63,000" [1].
所述suǒ shù suǒ shù 保护bǎo hù bǎo hù 依据yī jù yī jù 是shì shì 通过tōng guò tōng guò 《《 《 生物shēng wù shēng wù 安全法ān quán fǎ ān quán fǎ 》》 》 和hé hé 特定tè dìng tè dìng 立法lì fǎ lì fǎ 作出zuò chū zuò chū 的de de 裁定cái dìng cái dìng [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
The stated basis for this protection was a determination through the Biosecurity Act and specific legislation [1].
###### ### 公民自由gōng mín zì yóu gōng mín zì yóu 团体tuán tǐ tuán tǐ 对duì duì 这些zhè xiē zhè xiē 说法shuō fǎ shuō fǎ 的de de 质疑zhì yí zhì yí
### Civil Liberties Groups' Challenge to These Claims
公民自由gōng mín zì yóu gōng mín zì yóu 专家zhuān jiā zhuān jiā 直接zhí jiē zhí jiē 质疑zhì yí zhì yí 了le le 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 的de de 这些zhè xiē zhè xiē 保证bǎo zhèng bǎo zhèng 。。 。
Civil liberties experts directly challenged these government guarantees.
在zài zài 议会yì huì yì huì 情报qíng bào qíng bào 与yǔ yǔ 安全ān quán ān quán 联合lián hé lián hé 委员会wěi yuán huì wěi yuán huì (( ( PJCISPJCIS PJCIS )) ) 听证会tīng zhèng huì tīng zhèng huì 上shàng shàng ,, , 国际guó jì guó jì 公民自由gōng mín zì yóu gōng mín zì yóu 与yǔ yǔ 技术jì shù jì shù 联盟lián méng lián méng 的de de 代表dài biǎo dài biǎo 作证zuò zhèng zuò zhèng 称chēng chēng "" " 澳大利亚政府ào dà lì yà zhèng fǔ ào dà lì yà zhèng fǔ 无法wú fǎ wú fǎ 保证bǎo zhèng bǎo zhèng 美国měi guó měi guó 当局dāng jú dāng jú 不会bú huì bú huì 获取huò qǔ huò qǔ COVIDSafeCOVIDSafe COVIDSafe 冠状病毒guān zhuàng bìng dú guān zhuàng bìng dú 接触jiē chù jiē chù 追踪zhuī zōng zhuī zōng 应用yìng yòng yìng yòng 所suǒ suǒ 持有chí yǒu chí yǒu 的de de 数据shù jù shù jù "" " [[ [ 22 2 ]] ] 。。 。
During Parliamentary Joint Committee on Intelligence and Security (PJCIS) hearings, representatives from the International Civil Liberties and Technology Coalition testified that "the Australian government cannot guarantee United States authorities will not have access to data held by the COVIDSafe coronavirus contact tracing app" [2].
国际guó jì guó jì 公民自由gōng mín zì yóu gōng mín zì yóu 与yǔ yǔ 技术jì shù jì shù 联盟lián méng lián méng 的de de LucieLucie Lucie KrahulcovaKrahulcova Krahulcova 表示biǎo shì biǎo shì :: : "" " 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 试图shì tú shì tú 做zuò zuò 的de de 一件yī jiàn yī jiàn 事是shì shì shì shì 向xiàng xiàng 个人gè rén gè rén 保证bǎo zhèng bǎo zhèng 他们tā men tā men 的de de 数据shù jù shù jù 不会bú huì bú huì 被bèi bèi 亚马逊yà mǎ xùn yà mǎ xùn 与yǔ yǔ 美国měi guó měi guó 实体shí tǐ shí tǐ 共享gòng xiǎng gòng xiǎng ,, , 数据shù jù shù jù 也yě yě 不会bú huì bú huì 离开lí kāi lí kāi …… … …… … 这zhè zhè 不是bú shì bú shì 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 能够néng gòu néng gòu 保证bǎo zhèng bǎo zhèng 的de de 事情shì qíng shì qíng "" " [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
Lucie Krahulcova from the International Civil Liberties and Technology Coalition stated: "One of the things the government has sought to do is to ensure individuals that their data won't be shared by Amazon with US entities and that data won't leave … it's not something that Australia can guarantee" [1].
她tā tā 进一步jìn yí bù jìn yí bù 解释jiě shì jiě shì :: : "" " 亚马逊yà mǎ xùn yà mǎ xùn 仍然réng rán réng rán 是shì shì 一个yí gè yí gè 实体shí tǐ shí tǐ ,, , 它tā tā 是shì shì 一个yí gè yí gè 美国měi guó měi guó 实体shí tǐ shí tǐ ,, , 当dāng dāng 我们wǒ men wǒ men 进入jìn rù jìn rù 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 在zài zài 立法lì fǎ lì fǎ 中zhōng zhōng 纳入nà rù nà rù 此类cǐ lèi cǐ lèi 条款tiáo kuǎn tiáo kuǎn 的de de 境地jìng dì jìng dì 时shí shí ,, , 除非chú fēi chú fēi 进行jìn xíng jìn xíng 非常fēi cháng fēi cháng 昂贵áng guì áng guì 的de de 外交wài jiāo wài jiāo 努力nǔ lì nǔ lì 并bìng bìng 寻求xún qiú xún qiú 极端jí duān jí duān 的de de 豁免huò miǎn huò miǎn 条款tiáo kuǎn tiáo kuǎn ,, , 否则fǒu zé fǒu zé 根本无法gēn běn wú fǎ gēn běn wú fǎ 保证bǎo zhèng bǎo zhèng "" " [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
She further explained: "Amazon is still an entity, it's a US-based entity, and when we get into a place where governments put provisions like this into legislation, there's simply no way unless there's a very expensive diplomatic undertaking and extreme carve-outs are sought, there's just no way to guarantee that" [1].
###### ### 美国měi guó měi guó 访问fǎng wèn fǎng wèn 的de de 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 机制jī zhì jī zhì
### Legal Mechanisms for US Access
该gāi gāi 说法shuō fǎ shuō fǎ 提到tí dào tí dào "" " 美国měi guó měi guó 加密jiā mì jiā mì 后门hòu mén hòu mén 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ "" " 。。 。
The claim references "American encryption back-door laws." The relevant US law is the Clarifying Lawful Overseas Use of Data Act (CLOUD Act) [1].
相关xiāng guān xiāng guān 的de de 美国měi guó měi guó 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 是shì shì 《《 《 澄清chéng qīng chéng qīng 境外jìng wài jìng wài 合法hé fǎ hé fǎ 使用shǐ yòng shǐ yòng 数据shù jù shù jù 法fǎ fǎ 》》 》 (( ( CLOUDCLOUD CLOUD ActAct Act )) ) [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
Under the CLOUD Act, US service providers can be compelled to disclose data to foreign governments pursuant to executive agreements [1].
根据gēn jù gēn jù CLOUDCLOUD CLOUD ActAct Act ,, , 美国měi guó měi guó 服务提供商fú wù tí gōng shāng fú wù tí gōng shāng 可kě kě 在zài zài 执行zhí xíng zhí xíng 协议xié yì xié yì 框架kuāng jià kuāng jià 下xià xià 被bèi bèi 强制qiáng zhì qiáng zhì 向xiàng xiàng 外国wài guó wài guó 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 披露pī lù pī lù 数据shù jù shù jù [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
AWS (Amazon Web Services), which hosted COVIDSafe data, is a US-based entity [2].
托管tuō guǎn tuō guǎn COVIDSafeCOVIDSafe COVIDSafe 数据shù jù shù jù 的de de AWSAWS AWS (( ( 亚马逊yà mǎ xùn yà mǎ xùn 网络服务wǎng luò fú wù wǎng luò fú wù )) ) 是shì shì 一家yī jiā yī jiā 美国měi guó měi guó 实体shí tǐ shí tǐ [[ [ 22 2 ]] ] 。。 。
Civil liberties experts argued that AWS, as a US company, would be subject to US legal demands under the CLOUD Act [1].
公民自由gōng mín zì yóu gōng mín zì yóu 专家zhuān jiā zhuān jiā 认为rèn wéi rèn wéi ,, , 作为zuò wéi zuò wéi 美国公司měi guó gōng sī měi guó gōng sī ,, , AWSAWS AWS 将jiāng jiāng 受制于shòu zhì yú shòu zhì yú CLOUDCLOUD CLOUD ActAct Act 下xià xià 的de de 美国měi guó měi guó 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 要求yāo qiú yāo qiú [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
### The International Production Orders Bill
###### ### 《《 《 国际guó jì guó jì 生产shēng chǎn shēng chǎn 令lìng lìng 法案fǎ àn fǎ àn 》》 》
Australia's response to enable access to US data was through the Telecommunications Legislation Amendment (International Production Orders) Bill 2020 (IPO Bill), which was designed to create a framework for Australian agencies to gain access to stored telecommunications data from US providers [1].
澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 为wèi wèi 获取huò qǔ huò qǔ 美国měi guó měi guó 数据shù jù shù jù 而ér ér 采取cǎi qǔ cǎi qǔ 的de de 应对yìng duì yìng duì 措施cuò shī cuò shī 是shì shì 通过tōng guò tōng guò 《《 《 电信diàn xìn diàn xìn 立法lì fǎ lì fǎ 修正案xiū zhèng àn xiū zhèng àn (( ( 国际guó jì guó jì 生产shēng chǎn shēng chǎn 令lìng lìng )) ) 法案fǎ àn fǎ àn 20202020 2020 》》 》 (( ( IPOIPO IPO 法案fǎ àn fǎ àn )) ) ,, , 旨在zhǐ zài zhǐ zài 建立jiàn lì jiàn lì 一个yí gè yí gè 框架kuāng jià kuāng jià ,, , 使shǐ shǐ 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 机构jī gòu jī gòu 能够néng gòu néng gòu 从cóng cóng 美国měi guó měi guó 提供商tí gōng shāng tí gōng shāng 处chù chù 获取huò qǔ huò qǔ 存储cún chǔ cún chǔ 的de de 电信diàn xìn diàn xìn 数据shù jù shù jù [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
The Bill was explicitly a precondition "for Australia to obtain a proposed bilateral agreement with the United States in order to implement the US CLOUD Act" [1].
该gāi gāi 法案fǎ àn fǎ àn 明确míng què míng què 是shì shì "" " 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 与yǔ yǔ 美国měi guó měi guó 达成dá chéng dá chéng 拟议nǐ yì nǐ yì 双边协议shuāng biān xié yì shuāng biān xié yì 以yǐ yǐ 实施shí shī shí shī 美国měi guó měi guó CLOUDCLOUD CLOUD ActAct Act "" " 的de de 先决条件xiān jué tiáo jiàn xiān jué tiáo jiàn [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
### Chronology of Encryption Laws
###### ### 加密jiā mì jiā mì 法案fǎ àn fǎ àn 的de de 时间shí jiān shí jiān 线xiàn xiàn
The Assistance and Access Act 2018 (also known as Australia's encryption backdoor law) was passed by the Australian government in 2018, which gave the government authority to compel technology companies to assist in accessing encrypted communications [3].
20182018 2018 年nián nián ,, , 澳大利亚政府ào dà lì yà zhèng fǔ ào dà lì yà zhèng fǔ 通过tōng guò tōng guò 了le le 《《 《 协助xié zhù xié zhù 与yǔ yǔ 访问fǎng wèn fǎng wèn 法fǎ fǎ 20182018 2018 》》 》 (( ( 也yě yě 称为chēng wéi chēng wéi 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 加密jiā mì jiā mì 后门hòu mén hòu mén 法fǎ fǎ )) ) ,, , 赋予fù yǔ fù yǔ 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 强制qiáng zhì qiáng zhì 技术jì shù jì shù 公司gōng sī gōng sī 协助xié zhù xié zhù 访问fǎng wèn fǎng wèn 加密jiā mì jiā mì 通信tōng xìn tōng xìn 的de de 权力quán lì quán lì [[ [ 33 3 ]] ] 。。 。
This occurred prior to the CLOUD Act discussions in 2020.
这zhè zhè 发生fā shēng fā shēng 在zài zài 20202020 2020 年nián nián CLOUDCLOUD CLOUD ActAct Act 讨论tǎo lùn tǎo lùn 之前zhī qián zhī qián 。。 。
However, the claim's assertion that the CLOUD Act "inspired" the Assistance and Access Act cannot be verified.
然而rán ér rán ér ,, , 该gāi gāi 说法shuō fǎ shuō fǎ 关于guān yú guān yú CLOUDCLOUD CLOUD ActAct Act "" " 启发qǐ fā qǐ fā "" " 了le le 《《 《 协助xié zhù xié zhù 与yǔ yǔ 访问fǎng wèn fǎng wèn 法fǎ fǎ 》》 》 的de de 论断lùn duàn lùn duàn 无法wú fǎ wú fǎ 得到dé dào dé dào 验证yàn zhèng yàn zhèng 。。 。
The timeline shows Australia's Assistance and Access Act (2018) predated the negotiations around CLOUD Act implementation in Australia (2020).
时间shí jiān shí jiān 线xiàn xiàn 显示xiǎn shì xiǎn shì ,, , 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 的de de 《《 《 协助xié zhù xié zhù 与yǔ yǔ 访问fǎng wèn fǎng wèn 法fǎ fǎ 》》 》 (( ( 20182018 2018 年nián nián )) ) 早zǎo zǎo 于yú yú 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 围绕wéi rào wéi rào CLOUDCLOUD CLOUD ActAct Act 实施shí shī shí shī 的de de 谈判tán pàn tán pàn (( ( 20202020 2020 年nián nián )) ) 。。 。
The Assistance and Access Act was influenced by law enforcement concerns about end-to-end encryption, not by the CLOUD Act specifically [3].
《《 《 协助xié zhù xié zhù 与yǔ yǔ 访问fǎng wèn fǎng wèn 法fǎ fǎ 》》 》 受到shòu dào shòu dào 执法zhí fǎ zhí fǎ 部门bù mén bù mén 对端duì duān duì duān 到dào dào 端duān duān 加密jiā mì jiā mì 关切guān qiè guān qiè 的de de 启发qǐ fā qǐ fā ,, , 而ér ér 非fēi fēi 专门zhuān mén zhuān mén 受shòu shòu CLOUDCLOUD CLOUD ActAct Act 启发qǐ fā qǐ fā [[ [ 33 3 ]] ] 。。 。
The relationship between the two laws is more accurately described as: both represent similar governmental approaches to compelling access to encrypted/protected data, but the causality claimed in the assertion (that CLOUD Act "inspired" the Australian law) does not align with the chronology.
两部liǎng bù liǎng bù 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 之间zhī jiān zhī jiān 的de de 关系guān xì guān xì 更gèng gèng 准确zhǔn què zhǔn què 的de de 描述miáo shù miáo shù 是shì shì :: : 两者liǎng zhě liǎng zhě 都dōu dōu 代表dài biǎo dài biǎo 了le le 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 强制qiáng zhì qiáng zhì 获取huò qǔ huò qǔ 加密jiā mì jiā mì // / 受shòu shòu 保护bǎo hù bǎo hù 数据shù jù shù jù 的de de 类似lèi sì lèi sì 方法fāng fǎ fāng fǎ ,, , 但dàn dàn 说法shuō fǎ shuō fǎ 中zhōng zhōng 所suǒ suǒ 声称shēng chēng shēng chēng 的de de 因果关系yīn guǒ guān xì yīn guǒ guān xì (( ( 即jí jí CLOUDCLOUD CLOUD ActAct Act "" " 启发qǐ fā qǐ fā "" " 了le le 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ )) ) 与yǔ yǔ 时间shí jiān shí jiān 线xiàn xiàn 不符bù fú bù fú 。。 。

缺失背景

###### ### 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 提供tí gōng tí gōng 保证bǎo zhèng bǎo zhèng 的de de 努力nǔ lì nǔ lì
### Australia's Efforts to Provide Assurances
政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 确实què shí què shí 采取cǎi qǔ cǎi qǔ 了le le 立法lì fǎ lì fǎ 步骤bù zhòu bù zhòu 来lái lái 限制xiàn zhì xiàn zhì 访问fǎng wèn fǎng wèn 。。 。
The government did take legislative steps to restrict access.
该gāi gāi 说法shuō fǎ shuō fǎ 忽略hū lüè hū lüè 了le le :: :
The claim ignores that: 1.
11 1 .. . 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 制定zhì dìng zhì dìng 了le le 特定tè dìng tè dìng 立法lì fǎ lì fǎ ,, , 将jiāng jiāng COVIDSafeCOVIDSafe COVIDSafe 数据shù jù shù jù 限制xiàn zhì xiàn zhì 在zài zài 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 境内jìng nèi jìng nèi ,, , 违规者wéi guī zhě wéi guī zhě 将jiāng jiāng 受到shòu dào shòu dào 刑事xíng shì xíng shì 处罚chǔ fá chǔ fá [[ [ 11 1 ]] ]
Australia enacted specific legislation to restrict COVIDSafe data to Australia only, with criminal penalties for breaches [1] 2.
22 2 .. . 数据shù jù shù jù 存储cún chǔ cún chǔ 在zài zài 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 境内jìng nèi jìng nèi 的de de AWSAWS AWS 基础设施jī chǔ shè shī jī chǔ shè shī 上shàng shàng [[ [ 11 1 ]] ]
The data was stored within Australia on AWS's Australian infrastructure [1] 3.
33 3 .. . 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 制定zhì dìng zhì dìng 了le le 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 限制xiàn zhì xiàn zhì ,, , 将jiāng jiāng 访问fǎng wèn fǎng wèn 权限quán xiàn quán xiàn 仅限于jǐn xiàn yú jǐn xiàn yú 医疗yī liáo yī liáo 专业zhuān yè zhuān yè 人员rén yuán rén yuán [[ [ 11 1 ]] ]
The government created legal restrictions limiting access to health professionals [1]
###### ### 技术jì shù jì shù 现实xiàn shí xiàn shí 与yǔ yǔ 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 框架kuāng jià kuāng jià
### The Technical Reality vs. Legal Framework
公民自由gōng mín zì yóu gōng mín zì yóu 专家zhuān jiā zhuān jiā 的de de 反对fǎn duì fǎn duì 意见yì jiàn yì jiàn 并非bìng fēi bìng fēi 美国政府měi guó zhèng fǔ měi guó zhèng fǔ 一定yí dìng yí dìng 能néng néng 访问fǎng wèn fǎng wèn 数据shù jù shù jù ,, , 而是ér shì ér shì 国内guó nèi guó nèi 立法lì fǎ lì fǎ alonealone alone 无法wú fǎ wú fǎ 阻止zǔ zhǐ zǔ zhǐ 美国公司měi guó gōng sī měi guó gōng sī 遵守zūn shǒu zūn shǒu 美国měi guó měi guó 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 要求yāo qiú yāo qiú [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
The civil liberties experts' objection was not that US government could definitely access the data, but rather that domestic legislation alone cannot prevent a US company from complying with US legal demands [1].
这zhè zhè 反映fǎn yìng fǎn yìng 了le le 国内法guó nèi fǎ guó nèi fǎ 与yǔ yǔ 国际guó jì guó jì 管辖权guǎn xiá quán guǎn xiá quán 主张zhǔ zhāng zhǔ zhāng 之间zhī jiān zhī jiān 的de de 张力zhāng lì zhāng lì ,, , 而ér ér 非fēi fēi 访问fǎng wèn fǎng wèn 实际shí jì shí jì 发生fā shēng fā shēng 的de de 定论dìng lùn dìng lùn 。。 。
This reflects the tension between domestic law and international jurisdictional claims, not a definitive conclusion that access occurred.
###### ### 无wú wú 美国měi guó měi guó 实际shí jì shí jì 访问fǎng wèn fǎng wèn 的de de 证据zhèng jù zhèng jù
### No Evidence of Actual US Access
该gāi gāi 说法shuō fǎ shuō fǎ 未wèi wèi 引用yǐn yòng yǐn yòng 美国měi guó měi guó 当局dāng jú dāng jú 实际shí jì shí jì 访问fǎng wèn fǎng wèn COVIDSafeCOVIDSafe COVIDSafe 数据shù jù shù jù 的de de 证据zhèng jù zhèng jù 。。 。
The claim does not cite evidence that US authorities actually accessed COVIDSafe data.
议会yì huì yì huì 的de de 担忧dān yōu dān yōu 是shì shì 关于guān yú guān yú 访问fǎng wèn fǎng wèn ** * 可能kě néng kě néng ** * 发生fā shēng fā shēng 的de de 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 机制jī zhì jī zhì ,, , 而ér ér 非fēi fēi 访问fǎng wèn fǎng wèn 的de de documenteddocumented documented 实例shí lì shí lì [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
The parliamentary concerns were about legal mechanisms through which access *could* occur, not documented instances of access [1].

来源可信度评估

提供tí gōng tí gōng 的de de 原始yuán shǐ yuán shǐ 来源lái yuán lái yuán (( ( ZDNetZDNet ZDNet 20202020 2020 年nián nián 55 5 月yuè yuè 的de de 文章wén zhāng wén zhāng )) ) 是shì shì 一家yī jiā yī jiā 可信kě xìn kě xìn 的de de 技术jì shù jì shù 新闻xīn wén xīn wén 机构jī gòu jī gòu ,, , 在zài zài 政策zhèng cè zhèng cè issueissue issue 和hé hé 网络安全wǎng luò ān quán wǎng luò ān quán 问题wèn tí wèn tí 上shàng shàng 有yǒu yǒu 准确zhǔn què zhǔn què 报道bào dào bào dào 的de de 历史lì shǐ lì shǐ 。。 。
The original source provided (ZDNet article from May 2020) is a credible technology journalism outlet with a history of accuracy on policy and cybersecurity issues.
该gāi gāi 文章wén zhāng wén zhāng 准确zhǔn què zhǔn què 报道bào dào bào dào 了le le 公民自由gōng mín zì yóu gōng mín zì yóu 专家zhuān jiā zhuān jiā 的de de 证词zhèng cí zhèng cí ,, , 并bìng bìng 转述zhuǎn shù zhuǎn shù 了le le 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 的de de 保证bǎo zhèng bǎo zhèng 。。 。
The article accurately reports testimony from civil liberties experts and paraphrases government assurances.
然而rán ér rán ér ,, , 该gāi gāi 文章wén zhāng wén zhāng 本身běn shēn běn shēn 报道bào dào bào dào 的de de 是shì shì 关于guān yú guān yú 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 解释jiě shì jiě shì 争议zhēng yì zhēng yì ,, , 而ér ér 非fēi fēi 既定jì dìng jì dìng 事实shì shí shì shí 。。 。
However, the article itself is reporting a dispute about interpretations of law, not presenting settled fact.
公民自由gōng mín zì yóu gōng mín zì yóu 团体tuán tǐ tuán tǐ 的de de 立场lì chǎng lì chǎng (( ( 即jí jí 无法wú fǎ wú fǎ 给出gěi chū gěi chū 保证bǎo zhèng bǎo zhèng )) ) 是shì shì 一种yī zhǒng yī zhǒng 解释jiě shì jiě shì ;; ; 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 的de de 立场lì chǎng lì chǎng (( ( 即jí jí 国内法guó nèi fǎ guó nèi fǎ 将jiāng jiāng 阻止zǔ zhǐ zǔ zhǐ 传输chuán shū chuán shū )) ) 是shì shì 另lìng lìng 一种yī zhǒng yī zhǒng 解释jiě shì jiě shì [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
The civil liberties groups' position (that guarantees cannot be given) is one interpretation; the government's position (that domestic law would prevent transfer) is another [1].
⚖️

工党对比

** * ** * 工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 是否shì fǒu shì fǒu 面临miàn lín miàn lín 过guò guò 类似lèi sì lèi sì 的de de 加密jiā mì jiā mì 安全ān quán ān quán 辩论biàn lùn biàn lùn ?? ?
**Did Labor government face similar encryption security debates?** Labor had previously overseen encryption policy discussions.
** * ** *
Both the Coalition and Labor governments have dealt with encryption-related security concerns and have sought to balance security and privacy [4].
工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng 此前cǐ qián cǐ qián 曾céng céng 主持zhǔ chí zhǔ chí 过guò guò 加密jiā mì jiā mì 政策zhèng cè zhèng cè 讨论tǎo lùn tǎo lùn 。。 。
The Assistance and Access Act 2018 was passed under Coalition government and was not a Labor initiative, though Labor governments have also supported law enforcement access capabilities in other contexts.
联盟党lián méng dǎng lián méng dǎng 和hé hé 工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 都dōu dōu 处理chǔ lǐ chǔ lǐ 过guò guò 与yǔ yǔ 加密jiā mì jiā mì 相关xiāng guān xiāng guān 的de de 安全ān quán ān quán 问题wèn tí wèn tí ,, , 并bìng bìng 试图shì tú shì tú 在zài zài 安全ān quán ān quán 与yǔ yǔ 隐私yǐn sī yǐn sī 之间zhī jiān zhī jiān 取得qǔ dé qǔ dé 平衡píng héng píng héng [[ [ 44 4 ]] ] 。。 。
The core issue—tension between government security objectives and privacy protections—is not unique to Coalition policy.
《《 《 协助xié zhù xié zhù 与yǔ yǔ 访问fǎng wèn fǎng wèn 法fǎ fǎ 20182018 2018 》》 》 是shì shì 在zài zài 联盟党lián méng dǎng lián méng dǎng 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 下xià xià 通过tōng guò tōng guò 的de de ,, , 并非bìng fēi bìng fēi 工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng initiativeinitiative initiative ,, , 尽管jǐn guǎn jǐn guǎn 工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 在zài zài 其他qí tā qí tā 情况qíng kuàng qíng kuàng 下xià xià 也yě yě 支持zhī chí zhī chí 执法zhí fǎ zhí fǎ 部门bù mén bù mén 的de de 访问fǎng wèn fǎng wèn 能力néng lì néng lì 。。 。
核心hé xīn hé xīn 问题wèn tí wèn tí —— — —— — 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 安全ān quán ān quán 目标mù biāo mù biāo 与yǔ yǔ 隐私yǐn sī yǐn sī 保护bǎo hù bǎo hù 之间zhī jiān zhī jiān 的de de 张力zhāng lì zhāng lì —— — —— — 并非bìng fēi bìng fēi 联盟党lián méng dǎng lián méng dǎng 政策zhèng cè zhèng cè 独有dú yǒu dú yǒu 。。 。
🌐

平衡视角

###### ### 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 的de de 立场lì chǎng lì chǎng
### The Government's Position
政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 试图shì tú shì tú 在zài zài 公共卫生gōng gòng wèi shēng gōng gòng wèi shēng (( ( 快速kuài sù kuài sù 部署bù shǔ bù shǔ 接触jiē chù jiē chù 追踪zhuī zōng zhuī zōng )) ) 与yǔ yǔ 隐私yǐn sī yǐn sī 保护bǎo hù bǎo hù 之间zhī jiān zhī jiān 取得qǔ dé qǔ dé 平衡píng héng píng héng 。。 。
The government was attempting to balance public health (rapid deployment of contact tracing) with privacy protections.
他们tā men tā men 实施shí shī shí shī 了le le :: :
They implemented: 1. **Domestic legal restrictions** on data access and transfer [1] 2. **Criminal penalties** for unauthorized data transfer [1] 3. **Specific legislative framework** limiting use to health authorities [1] These steps demonstrate genuine effort to restrict access, even if civil liberties experts questioned whether domestic law alone could provide absolute guarantees against US legal demands.
11 1 .. . ** * ** * 国内guó nèi guó nèi 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 限制xiàn zhì xiàn zhì ** * ** * 数据shù jù shù jù 访问fǎng wèn fǎng wèn 和hé hé 传输chuán shū chuán shū [[ [ 11 1 ]] ]
### The Civil Liberties Concern
22 2 .. . ** * ** * 刑事xíng shì xíng shì 处罚chǔ fá chǔ fá ** * ** * 打击dǎ jī dǎ jī 未经wèi jīng wèi jīng 授权shòu quán shòu quán 的de de 数据传输shù jù chuán shū shù jù chuán shū [[ [ 11 1 ]] ]
The experts' objection reflects legitimate concerns about jurisdictional conflicts: Australian legislation cannot override US legal processes that may compel US companies to disclose data [1].
33 3 .. . ** * ** * 特定tè dìng tè dìng 立法lì fǎ lì fǎ 框架kuāng jià kuāng jià ** * ** * ,, , 将jiāng jiāng 使用shǐ yòng shǐ yòng 权限quán xiàn quán xiàn 限制xiàn zhì xiàn zhì 给gěi gěi 卫生wèi shēng wèi shēng 当局dāng jú dāng jú [[ [ 11 1 ]] ]
This is a structural problem in international data governance, not necessarily evidence of government deception.
这些zhè xiē zhè xiē 步骤bù zhòu bù zhòu 表明biǎo míng biǎo míng 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 真诚zhēn chéng zhēn chéng 努力nǔ lì nǔ lì 限制xiàn zhì xiàn zhì 访问fǎng wèn fǎng wèn ,, , 即使jí shǐ jí shǐ 公民自由gōng mín zì yóu gōng mín zì yóu 专家zhuān jiā zhuān jiā 质疑zhì yí zhì yí 国内法guó nèi fǎ guó nèi fǎ alonealone alone 能否néng fǒu néng fǒu 绝对jué duì jué duì 保证bǎo zhèng bǎo zhèng 抵御dǐ yù dǐ yù 美国měi guó měi guó 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 要求yāo qiú yāo qiú 。。 。
### The Key Factual Dispute
###### ### 公民自由gōng mín zì yóu gōng mín zì yóu 的de de 关切guān qiè guān qiè
The government's guarantee was implicitly: "Our domestic law prevents transfer." The civil liberties position was: "Domestic law cannot guarantee anything against US legal demands." These are different claims.
专家zhuān jiā zhuān jiā 的de de 反对fǎn duì fǎn duì 意见yì jiàn yì jiàn 反映fǎn yìng fǎn yìng 了le le 对duì duì 管辖权guǎn xiá quán guǎn xiá quán 冲突chōng tū chōng tū 的de de 合理hé lǐ hé lǐ 担忧dān yōu dān yōu :: : 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 立法lì fǎ lì fǎ 无法wú fǎ wú fǎ 凌驾于líng jià yú líng jià yú 可能kě néng kě néng 强制qiáng zhì qiáng zhì 美国公司měi guó gōng sī měi guó gōng sī 披露pī lù pī lù 数据shù jù shù jù 的de de 美国měi guó měi guó 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 程序chéng xù chéng xù 之上zhī shàng zhī shàng [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
The government was not necessarily lying about intent; they may have been overconfident about domestic law's enforceability against US jurisdiction.
这是zhè shì zhè shì 国际guó jì guó jì 数据shù jù shù jù 治理zhì lǐ zhì lǐ 中zhōng zhōng 的de de 结构性jié gòu xìng jié gòu xìng 问题wèn tí wèn tí ,, , 不bù bù 一定yí dìng yí dìng 是shì shì 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 欺骗qī piàn qī piàn 的de de 证据zhèng jù zhèng jù 。。 。
### Actual Outcome
###### ### 关键guān jiàn guān jiàn 的de de 事实shì shí shì shí 争议zhēng yì zhēng yì
COVIDSafe was ultimately decommissioned in August 2022 after proving largely ineffective (identifying only 2 cases despite costing $21 million) [5], so the data access concerns became moot.
政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 的de de 保证bǎo zhèng bǎo zhèng 隐含yǐn hán yǐn hán 的de de 意思yì si yì si 是shì shì :: : "" " 我们wǒ men wǒ men 的de de 国内法guó nèi fǎ guó nèi fǎ 阻止zǔ zhǐ zǔ zhǐ 传输chuán shū chuán shū 。。 。
"" " 公民自由gōng mín zì yóu gōng mín zì yóu 的de de 立场lì chǎng lì chǎng 是shì shì :: : "" " 国内法guó nèi fǎ guó nèi fǎ 无法wú fǎ wú fǎ 对duì duì 美国měi guó měi guó 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 要求yāo qiú yāo qiú 作出zuò chū zuò chū 任何rèn hé rèn hé 保证bǎo zhèng bǎo zhèng 。。 。
"" " 这是zhè shì zhè shì 不同bù tóng bù tóng 的de de 说法shuō fǎ shuō fǎ 。。 。
政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 不bù bù 一定yí dìng yí dìng 是shì shì 就jiù jiù 意图yì tú yì tú 撒谎sā huǎng sā huǎng ;; ; 他们tā men tā men 可能kě néng kě néng 只是zhǐ shì zhǐ shì 对duì duì 国内法guó nèi fǎ guó nèi fǎ 对抗duì kàng duì kàng 美国měi guó měi guó 管辖权guǎn xiá quán guǎn xiá quán 的de de 可执行性kě zhí xíng xìng kě zhí xíng xìng 过于自信guò yú zì xìn guò yú zì xìn 。。 。
###### ### 实际shí jì shí jì 结果jié guǒ jié guǒ
COVIDSafeCOVIDSafe COVIDSafe 最终zuì zhōng zuì zhōng 在zài zài 20222022 2022 年nián nián 88 8 月yuè yuè 被bèi bèi 停用tíng yòng tíng yòng ,, , 此前cǐ qián cǐ qián 被bèi bèi 证明zhèng míng zhèng míng largelylargely largely 无效wú xiào wú xiào (( ( 尽管jǐn guǎn jǐn guǎn 耗资hào zī hào zī 21002100 2100 万澳元wàn ào yuán wàn ào yuán ,, , 仅jǐn jǐn 识别shí bié shí bié 出chū chū 22 2 例lì lì 病例bìng lì bìng lì )) ) [[ [ 55 5 ]] ] ,, , 因此yīn cǐ yīn cǐ 数据shù jù shù jù 访问fǎng wèn fǎng wèn 关切guān qiè guān qiè 变得biàn dé biàn dé 不再bù zài bù zài relevantrelevant relevant 。。 。

部分属实

5.0

/ 10

政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 确实què shí què shí 就jiù jiù 美国měi guó měi guó 访问fǎng wèn fǎng wèn 问题wèn tí wèn tí 作出zuò chū zuò chū 了le le 公民自由gōng mín zì yóu gōng mín zì yóu 专家zhuān jiā zhuān jiā 质疑zhì yí zhì yí 的de de 保证bǎo zhèng bǎo zhèng [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] ,, , 这种zhè zhǒng zhè zhǒng 质疑zhì yí zhì yí 是shì shì 合理hé lǐ hé lǐ 的de de [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
The government did make assurances about US access that civil liberties experts disputed [1], and this dispute was legitimate [1].
专家zhuān jiā zhuān jiā 是shì shì 正确zhèng què zhèng què 的de de ,, , 即jí jí 国内guó nèi guó nèi 立法lì fǎ lì fǎ alonealone alone 无法wú fǎ wú fǎ 保证bǎo zhèng bǎo zhèng 抵御dǐ yù dǐ yù CLOUDCLOUD CLOUD ActAct Act 下xià xià 的de de 美国měi guó měi guó 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 要求yāo qiú yāo qiú [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
The experts were correct that domestic legislation alone cannot guarantee protection against US legal demands under the CLOUD Act [1].
然而rán ér rán ér ,, , 该gāi gāi 说法shuō fǎ shuō fǎ 包含bāo hán bāo hán 一个yí gè yí gè 重大zhòng dà zhòng dà 事实shì shí shì shí 错误cuò wù cuò wù :: : CLOUDCLOUD CLOUD ActAct Act 并未bìng wèi bìng wèi "" " 启发qǐ fā qǐ fā "" " 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 的de de 《《 《 协助xié zhù xié zhù 与yǔ yǔ 访问fǎng wèn fǎng wèn 法fǎ fǎ 》》 》 。。 。
However, the claim contains a significant factual error: the CLOUD Act did not "inspire" the Australian Assistance and Access Act.
澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 于yú yú 20182018 2018 年nián nián 通过tōng guò tōng guò 了le le 《《 《 协助xié zhù xié zhù 与yǔ yǔ 访问fǎng wèn fǎng wèn 法fǎ fǎ 》》 》 ,, , 而ér ér 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 的de de CLOUDCLOUD CLOUD ActAct Act 讨论tǎo lùn tǎo lùn 发生fā shēng fā shēng 在zài zài 20202020 2020 年nián nián [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
Australia passed the Assistance and Access Act in 2018, while CLOUD Act discussions in Australia occurred in 2020 [1].
两部liǎng bù liǎng bù 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 在zài zài 原则上yuán zé shàng yuán zé shàng 是shì shì 相似xiāng sì xiāng sì 的de de (( ( 强制qiáng zhì qiáng zhì 获取huò qǔ huò qǔ 通信tōng xìn tōng xìn 数据shù jù shù jù )) ) ,, , 但dàn dàn 说法shuō fǎ shuō fǎ 中zhōng zhōng 所suǒ suǒ 声称shēng chēng shēng chēng 的de de 因果关系yīn guǒ guān xì yīn guǒ guān xì reversedreversed reversed 或huò huò 不bù bù 存在cún zài cún zài 。。 。
The laws are similar in principle (compelling access to communications data), but the causal relationship claimed in the assertion is reversed or non-existent.
关于guān yú guān yú 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ "" " 撒谎sā huǎng sā huǎng "" " 的de de 说法shuō fǎ shuō fǎ 需要xū yào xū yào 证明zhèng míng zhèng míng 他们tā men tā men knowinglyknowingly knowingly 作出zuò chū zuò chū 虚假xū jiǎ xū jiǎ 陈述chén shù chén shù 。。 。
The claim that the government "lied" requires showing they knowingly made false statements.
政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 的de de 保证bǎo zhèng bǎo zhèng 反映fǎn yìng fǎn yìng 的de de 是shì shì 他们tā men tā men 认为rèn wéi rèn wéi 会huì huì 有效yǒu xiào yǒu xiào 的de de 国内guó nèi guó nèi 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 限制xiàn zhì xiàn zhì ,, , 即使jí shǐ jí shǐ 专家zhuān jiā zhuān jiā 正确zhèng què zhèng què 指出zhǐ chū zhǐ chū 了le le 其qí qí 在zài zài 执行zhí xíng zhí xíng 方面fāng miàn fāng miàn 的de de 局限性jú xiàn xìng jú xiàn xìng 。。 。
The government's assurances reflected domestic legal restrictions they believed would be effective, even if experts correctly identified limitations in their enforceability.
这zhè zhè 与yǔ yǔ 故意gù yì gù yì 虚假xū jiǎ xū jiǎ 陈述chén shù chén shù 不同bù tóng bù tóng —— — —— — 它tā tā 代表dài biǎo dài biǎo 了le le 对duì duì 国内法guó nèi fǎ guó nèi fǎ 覆盖范围fù gài fàn wéi fù gài fàn wéi 的de de 过度guò dù guò dù 自信zì xìn zì xìn 。。 。
This is different from deliberate falsehood—it represents overconfidence in the reach of domestic law.

📚 来源与引用 (5)

  1. 1
    zdnet.com

    zdnet.com

    During a hearing on Australia's pending International Production Orders Bill, representatives from the International Civil Liberties and Technology Coalition said the government cannot guarantee that Amazon will not share data with United States entities.

    ZDNET
  2. 2
    abc.net.au

    abc.net.au

    Global tech giant Amazon may not be able to protect Australian Government data including COVIDSafe app data from US subpoenas, say legal experts and crossbenchers.

    Abc Net
  3. 3
    fee.org

    fee.org

    If firms don't have the power to intercept encrypted data for authorities, they will be forced to create tools to allow law enforcement or government to have access to their users’ data.

    Foundation for Economic Education
  4. 4
    businessthink.unsw.edu.au

    businessthink.unsw.edu.au

    There is a discrepancy between individuals’ intentions to protect their privacy to how they behave, shows UNSW Business School research

    Businessthink Unsw Edu
  5. 5
    abc.net.au

    abc.net.au

    The COVIDSafe app cost $21 million, ran for more than two years, and only identified two cases. Here's what went wrong.

    Abc Net

评分方法

1-3: 不实

事实错误或恶意捏造。

4-6: 部分属实

有一定真实性,但缺乏背景或有所偏颇。

7-9: 基本属实

仅有微小的技术性或措辞问题。

10: 准确

完全经过验证且客观公正。

方法论: 评分通过交叉参照政府官方记录、独立事实核查机构和原始文件确定。