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评分: 6.0/10

Coalition
C0943

声明内容

“违背了派遣船只监测捕鲸活动的选举承诺,改为仅承诺派遣飞机。政府随后也违背了第二个承诺,允许捕鲸者在没有任何澳大利亚监测的情况下捕杀濒危鲸鱼。”
原始来源: Matthew Davis

原始来源

事实核查

** * ** * 第一项dì yī xiàng dì yī xiàng 承诺chéng nuò chéng nuò 派遣pài qiǎn pài qiǎn 海关hǎi guān hǎi guān 船只chuán zhī chuán zhī ** * ** *
**First Promise (Sending a Customs vessel):** The Coalition did make a clear pre-election commitment to send a Customs vessel to monitor Japanese whaling.
联盟党lián méng dǎng lián méng dǎng 确实què shí què shí 做出zuò chū zuò chū le le 明确míng què míng què de de 选前xuǎn qián xuǎn qián 承诺chéng nuò chéng nuò 派遣pài qiǎn pài qiǎn 海关hǎi guān hǎi guān 船只chuán zhī chuán zhī 监测jiān cè jiān cè 日本rì běn rì běn 捕鲸bǔ jīng bǔ jīng 活动huó dòng huó dòng
In February 2013, then-Opposition environment spokesperson Greg Hunt stated that Australia "should have a Customs vessel in the Southern Ocean" [1].
20132013 2013 nián nián 22 2 yuè yuè 时任shí rèn shí rèn 反对党fǎn duì dǎng fǎn duì dǎng 环境huán jìng huán jìng 发言人fā yán rén fā yán rén 格雷格gé léi gé gé léi gé ·· · 亨特hēng tè hēng tè GregGreg Greg HuntHunt Hunt 表示biǎo shì biǎo shì 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 应该yīng gāi yīng gāi yǒu yǒu 一艘yī sōu yī sōu 海关hǎi guān hǎi guān 船只chuán zhī chuán zhī zài zài 南大洋nán dà yáng nán dà yáng [[ [ 11 1 ]] ]
In April 2013, he wrote that "there is an entire division of Customs meant to be conducting Southern Ocean patrols" and the Coalition "would make sure it is operational down there during the whaling season" [1].
20132013 2013 nián nián 44 4 yuè yuè 写道xiě dào xiě dào yǒu yǒu 整个zhěng gè zhěng gè 海关hǎi guān hǎi guān 部门bù mén bù mén 本应běn yīng běn yīng 进行jìn xíng jìn xíng 南大洋nán dà yáng nán dà yáng 巡逻xún luó xún luó ér ér 联盟党lián méng dǎng lián méng dǎng jiāng jiāng 确保què bǎo què bǎo zài zài 捕鲸bǔ jīng bǔ jīng 季节jì jié jì jié 期间qī jiān qī jiān zài zài gāi gāi 地区dì qū dì qū 运作yùn zuò yùn zuò [[ [ 11 1 ]] ]
In August 2013, he explicitly committed that the Coalition "commits to sending a Customs vessel to the Southern Ocean" should the whaling season continue [1].
20132013 2013 nián nián 88 8 yuè yuè 明确míng què míng què 承诺chéng nuò chéng nuò 如果rú guǒ rú guǒ 捕鲸bǔ jīng bǔ jīng 季节jì jié jì jié 继续jì xù jì xù 联盟党lián méng dǎng lián méng dǎng 承诺chéng nuò chéng nuò 派遣pài qiǎn pài qiǎn 一艘yī sōu yī sōu 海关hǎi guān hǎi guān 船只chuán zhī chuán zhī 前往qián wǎng qián wǎng 南大洋nán dà yáng nán dà yáng [[ [ 11 1 ]] ]
The Coalition's official fisheries policy, released before the September 2013 election, stated they would ensure resources "devoted to patrolling illegal foreign fishing are not diverted to other activities" and specifically committed to ensuring "the ACV Ocean Protector and/or its replacement is provided with sufficient funding to devote an adequate level of patrol days in southern waters every financial year" [1]. **Breaking the First Promise:** On 22 December 2013, Environment Minister Greg Hunt announced the government would send an A319 aircraft rather than a ship to monitor Japanese whaling activities during the January-March 2014 season [2].
联盟党lián méng dǎng lián méng dǎng zài zài 20132013 2013 nián nián 99 9 yuè yuè 大选dà xuǎn dà xuǎn qián qián 发布fā bù fā bù de de 官方guān fāng guān fāng 渔业yú yè yú yè 政策zhèng cè zhèng cè 声明shēng míng shēng míng 他们tā men tā men jiāng jiāng 确保què bǎo què bǎo 资源zī yuán zī yuán 用于yòng yú yòng yú 巡逻xún luó xún luó 非法fēi fǎ fēi fǎ 外国wài guó wài guó 捕捞bǔ lāo bǔ lāo de de 资源zī yuán zī yuán 不会bú huì bú huì bèi bèi 转移zhuǎn yí zhuǎn yí dào dào 其他qí tā qí tā 活动huó dòng huó dòng bìng bìng 特别tè bié tè bié 承诺chéng nuò chéng nuò 确保què bǎo què bǎo ACVACV ACV OceanOcean Ocean ProtectorProtector Protector hào hào 及其jí qí jí qí 替代tì dài tì dài 船只chuán zhī chuán zhī 获得huò dé huò dé 足够zú gòu zú gòu 资金zī jīn zī jīn zài zài 每个měi gè měi gè 财政年度cái zhèng nián dù cái zhèng nián dù 内在nèi zài nèi zài 南部nán bù nán bù 水域shuǐ yù shuǐ yù 投入tóu rù tóu rù 足够zú gòu zú gòu de de 巡逻xún luó xún luó 天数tiān shù tiān shù [[ [ 11 1 ]] ]
Hunt defended the decision citing "operational reasons" and claimed an aircraft could monitor activities over a larger area [1]. **Second Promise (Aircraft monitoring):** The claim alleges the government also broke its promise to send the aircraft.
** * ** * 违背wéi bèi wéi bèi 第一项dì yī xiàng dì yī xiàng 承诺chéng nuò chéng nuò ** * ** *
However, available evidence indicates the A319 aircraft surveillance was conducted during the 2013-2014 whaling season as announced [2].
20132013 2013 nián nián 1212 12 yuè yuè 2222 22 环境huán jìng huán jìng 部长bù zhǎng bù zhǎng 格雷格gé léi gé gé léi gé ·· · 亨特hēng tè hēng tè 宣布xuān bù xuān bù 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ jiāng jiāng 派遣pài qiǎn pài qiǎn 一架yī jià yī jià A319A319 A319 飞机fēi jī fēi jī ér ér fēi fēi 船只chuán zhī chuán zhī zài zài 20142014 2014 nián nián 11 1 yuè yuè zhì zhì 33 3 yuè yuè 期间qī jiān qī jiān 监测jiān cè jiān cè 日本rì běn rì běn 捕鲸bǔ jīng bǔ jīng 活动huó dòng huó dòng [[ [ 22 2 ]] ]
The Guardian reported the aircraft was "staffed by Customs personnel" and would be "deployed for the monitoring from January to March" [1]. **ICJ Context:** Australia had taken Japan to the International Court of Justice (ICJ) over its whaling program.
亨特hēng tè hēng tè 行动xíng dòng xíng dòng 原因yuán yīn yuán yīn wèi wèi gāi gāi 决定jué dìng jué dìng 辩护biàn hù biàn hù bìng bìng 声称shēng chēng shēng chēng 飞机fēi jī fēi jī 可以kě yǐ kě yǐ 监测jiān cè jiān cè 更大gèng dà gèng dà 区域qū yù qū yù de de 活动huó dòng huó dòng [[ [ 11 1 ]] ]
On 31 March 2014, the ICJ ruled against Japan, finding that its JARPA II whaling program did not qualify as scientific research under the International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling [3].
** * ** * 第二项dì èr xiàng dì èr xiàng 承诺chéng nuò chéng nuò 飞机fēi jī fēi jī 监测jiān cè jiān cè ** * ** *
Following this ruling, Japan announced it would halt its Antarctic whaling program [4].
gāi gāi 指控zhǐ kòng zhǐ kòng 声称shēng chēng shēng chēng 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 违背wéi bèi wéi bèi le le 派遣pài qiǎn pài qiǎn 飞机fēi jī fēi jī de de 承诺chéng nuò chéng nuò
然而rán ér rán ér 现有xiàn yǒu xiàn yǒu 证据zhèng jù zhèng jù 表明biǎo míng biǎo míng A319A319 A319 飞机fēi jī fēi jī 监测jiān cè jiān cè 确实què shí què shí zài zài 20132013 2013 -- - 20142014 2014 nián nián 捕鲸bǔ jīng bǔ jīng àn àn 宣布xuān bù xuān bù 执行zhí xíng zhí xíng [[ [ 22 2 ]] ]
卫报wèi bào wèi bào 报道bào dào bào dào 称该chēng gāi chēng gāi 飞机fēi jī fēi jī yóu yóu 海关人员hǎi guān rén yuán hǎi guān rén yuán 配备pèi bèi pèi bèi jiāng jiāng zài zài 11 1 yuè yuè zhì zhì 33 3 yuè yuè 期间qī jiān qī jiān 部署bù shǔ bù shǔ 进行jìn xíng jìn xíng 监测jiān cè jiān cè [[ [ 11 1 ]] ]
** * ** * 国际法院guó jì fǎ yuàn guó jì fǎ yuàn 背景bèi jǐng bèi jǐng ** * ** *
澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà jiāng jiāng 日本rì běn rì běn 告上gào shàng gào shàng 国际法院guó jì fǎ yuàn guó jì fǎ yuàn ICJICJ ICJ 质疑zhì yí zhì yí 捕鲸bǔ jīng bǔ jīng 计划jì huà jì huà
20142014 2014 nián nián 33 3 yuè yuè 3131 31 国际法院guó jì fǎ yuàn guó jì fǎ yuàn 裁定cái dìng cái dìng 日本rì běn rì běn 败诉bài sù bài sù 认定rèn dìng rèn dìng JARPAJARPA JARPA IIII II 捕鲸bǔ jīng bǔ jīng 计划jì huà jì huà 符合fú hé fú hé 国际guó jì guó jì 捕鲸bǔ jīng bǔ jīng 管制guǎn zhì guǎn zhì 公约gōng yuē gōng yuē xià xià de de 科学研究kē xué yán jiū kē xué yán jiū 资格zī gé zī gé [[ [ 33 3 ]] ]
随后suí hòu suí hòu 日本rì běn rì běn 宣布xuān bù xuān bù 暂停zàn tíng zàn tíng 南极nán jí nán jí 捕鲸bǔ jīng bǔ jīng 计划jì huà jì huà [[ [ 44 4 ]] ]

缺失背景

** * ** * 资源配置zī yuán pèi zhì zī yuán pèi zhì 限制xiàn zhì xiàn zhì ** * ** *
**Resource Allocation Constraints:** The Ocean Protector—the vessel specifically built for Southern Ocean patrol—was diverted to Operation Sovereign Borders, the government's asylum seeker interception operation under Immigration Minister Scott Morrison [1].
wèi wèi 南大洋nán dà yáng nán dà yáng 巡逻xún luó xún luó 专门zhuān mén zhuān mén 建造jiàn zào jiàn zào de de 海洋hǎi yáng hǎi yáng 保护者bǎo hù zhě bǎo hù zhě hào hào OceanOcean Ocean ProtectorProtector Protector 船只chuán zhī chuán zhī bèi bèi 调往diào wǎng diào wǎng 主权zhǔ quán zhǔ quán 边界biān jiè biān jiè 行动xíng dòng xíng dòng OperationOperation Operation SovereignSovereign Sovereign BordersBorders Borders 这是zhè shì zhè shì 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ zài zài 斯科特sī kē tè sī kē tè ·· · 莫里森mò lǐ sēn mò lǐ sēn ScottScott Scott MorrisonMorrison Morrison 移民yí mín yí mín 部长bù zhǎng bù zhǎng 领导lǐng dǎo lǐng dǎo xià xià de de 寻求xún qiú xún qiú 庇护bì hù bì hù zhě zhě 拦截lán jié lán jié 行动xíng dòng xíng dòng [[ [ 11 1 ]] ]
This represented a competing priority for maritime enforcement resources, though the Coalition's pre-election policy had explicitly promised not to divert these resources [1]. **Historical Precedent:** Australian government monitoring of Japanese whaling had been sporadic.
zhè zhè 代表dài biǎo dài biǎo le le 海上hǎi shàng hǎi shàng 执法zhí fǎ zhí fǎ 资源zī yuán zī yuán de de 竞争jìng zhēng jìng zhēng 优先yōu xiān yōu xiān 事项shì xiàng shì xiàng 尽管jǐn guǎn jǐn guǎn 联盟党lián méng dǎng lián méng dǎng de de 选前xuǎn qián xuǎn qián 政策zhèng cè zhèng cè 明确míng què míng què 承诺chéng nuò chéng nuò 不会bú huì bú huì 转移zhuǎn yí zhuǎn yí 这些zhè xiē zhè xiē 资源zī yuán zī yuán [[ [ 11 1 ]] ]
The Rudd Labor government sent the Oceanic Viking to document whaling activities in 2008, but this was specifically to gather evidence for the ICJ case rather than ongoing monitoring [5].
** * ** * 历史lì shǐ lì shǐ 先例xiān lì xiān lì ** * ** *
Sea Shepherd noted this was "the first monitoring mission on Antarctic whaling in six years" when the Coalition announced its aircraft deployment in December 2013 [6]. **Purpose of Monitoring:** The aircraft surveillance was described as monitoring "all parties in the Southern Ocean," including not just Japanese whalers but also Sea Shepherd protest vessels [1].
澳大利亚政府ào dà lì yà zhèng fǔ ào dà lì yà zhèng fǔ duì duì 日本rì běn rì běn 捕鲸bǔ jīng bǔ jīng de de 监测jiān cè jiān cè 一直yì zhí yì zhí 断断续续duàn duàn xù xù duàn duàn xù xù
Hunt stated the purpose was to "ensure that there is no conflict between the parties" and to make clear "that the world is watching" [2]. **Ultimate Outcome:** The Australian legal challenge at the ICJ proved successful in March 2014, with the court ordering Japan to halt its Antarctic whaling program [3].
陆克文lù kè wén lù kè wén RuddRudd Rudd 工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 20082008 2008 nián nián 派遣pài qiǎn pài qiǎn 大洋dà yáng dà yáng 维京wéi jīng wéi jīng hào hào OceanicOceanic Oceanic VikingViking Viking 记录jì lù jì lù 捕鲸bǔ jīng bǔ jīng 活动huó dòng huó dòng dàn dàn zhè zhè specificallyspecifically specifically shì shì wèi wèi 国际法院guó jì fǎ yuàn guó jì fǎ yuàn 案件àn jiàn àn jiàn 收集shōu jí shōu jí 证据zhèng jù zhèng jù ér ér fēi fēi 持续chí xù chí xù 监测jiān cè jiān cè [[ [ 55 5 ]] ]
This diplomatic/legal approach ultimately achieved what physical monitoring alone could not—the cessation of Japanese whaling in the Southern Ocean.
海洋hǎi yáng hǎi yáng 守护者shǒu hù zhě shǒu hù zhě 组织zǔ zhī zǔ zhī SeaSea Sea ShepherdShepherd Shepherd 指出zhǐ chū zhǐ chū dāng dāng 联盟党lián méng dǎng lián méng dǎng 20132013 2013 nián nián 1212 12 yuè yuè 宣布xuān bù xuān bù 飞机fēi jī fēi jī 部署bù shǔ bù shǔ shí shí 这是zhè shì zhè shì 六年liù nián liù nián lái lái 首次shǒu cì shǒu cì duì duì 南极nán jí nán jí 捕鲸bǔ jīng bǔ jīng 进行jìn xíng jìn xíng 监测jiān cè jiān cè 任务rèn wù rèn wù [[ [ 66 6 ]] ]
** * ** * 监测jiān cè jiān cè 目的mù dì mù dì ** * ** *
飞机fēi jī fēi jī 监视jiān shì jiān shì bèi bèi 描述miáo shù miáo shù wèi wèi 监测jiān cè jiān cè 南大洋nán dà yáng nán dà yáng 所有suǒ yǒu suǒ yǒu 各方gè fāng gè fāng 包括bāo kuò bāo kuò 日本rì běn rì běn 捕鲸bǔ jīng bǔ jīng zhě zhě 以及yǐ jí yǐ jí 海洋hǎi yáng hǎi yáng 守护者shǒu hù zhě shǒu hù zhě 抗议kàng yì kàng yì 船只chuán zhī chuán zhī [[ [ 11 1 ]] ]
亨特hēng tè hēng tè 表示biǎo shì biǎo shì 目的mù dì mù dì shì shì 确保què bǎo què bǎo 各方gè fāng gè fāng 之间zhī jiān zhī jiān 没有méi yǒu méi yǒu 冲突chōng tū chōng tū bìng bìng 明确míng què míng què 表示biǎo shì biǎo shì 世界shì jiè shì jiè 正在zhèng zài zhèng zài 关注guān zhù guān zhù [[ [ 22 2 ]] ]
** * ** * 最终zuì zhōng zuì zhōng 结果jié guǒ jié guǒ ** * ** *
澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà zài zài 国际法院guó jì fǎ yuàn guó jì fǎ yuàn de de 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 挑战tiǎo zhàn tiǎo zhàn 20142014 2014 nián nián 33 3 yuè yuè 取得成功qǔ dé chéng gōng qǔ dé chéng gōng 法院fǎ yuàn fǎ yuàn 命令mìng lìng mìng lìng 日本rì běn rì běn 停止tíng zhǐ tíng zhǐ 南极nán jí nán jí 捕鲸bǔ jīng bǔ jīng 计划jì huà jì huà [[ [ 33 3 ]] ]
这种zhè zhǒng zhè zhǒng 外交wài jiāo wài jiāo // / 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 途径tú jìng tú jìng 最终zuì zhōng zuì zhōng 实现shí xiàn shí xiàn le le 实体shí tǐ shí tǐ 监测jiān cè jiān cè 单独dān dú dān dú 无法wú fǎ wú fǎ 实现shí xiàn shí xiàn de de 目标mù biāo mù biāo 停止tíng zhǐ tíng zhǐ 日本rì běn rì běn zài zài 南大洋nán dà yáng nán dà yáng de de 捕鲸bǔ jīng bǔ jīng 活动huó dòng huó dòng

来源可信度评估

** * ** * 卫报wèi bào wèi bào ** * ** *
**The Guardian:** The Guardian is a center-left publication with a documented left-leaning editorial bias [7].
卫报wèi bào wèi bào shì shì 一份yī fèn yī fèn 中间zhōng jiān zhōng jiān 偏左piān zuǒ piān zuǒ de de 出版物chū bǎn wù chū bǎn wù 具有jù yǒu jù yǒu 记录在案jì lù zài àn jì lù zài àn de de 左倾zuǒ qīng zuǒ qīng 编辑biān jí biān jí 偏见piān jiàn piān jiàn [[ [ 77 7 ]] ]
While it has high factual accuracy in its reporting [7], its editorial stance tends to align with progressive viewpoints on environmental issues.
尽管jǐn guǎn jǐn guǎn 报道bào dào bào dào 具有jù yǒu jù yǒu jiào jiào gāo gāo de de 事实shì shí shì shí 准确性zhǔn què xìng zhǔn què xìng [[ [ 77 7 ]] ] dàn dàn 编辑biān jí biān jí 立场lì chǎng lì chǎng 往往wǎng wǎng wǎng wǎng 环境huán jìng huán jìng 问题wèn tí wèn tí shàng shàng de de 进步jìn bù jìn bù 观点guān diǎn guān diǎn 保持一致bǎo chí yí zhì bǎo chí yí zhì
The article cited in the claim provides factual reporting about the broken promise but frames it through criticism from Greens and environmental activists [1]. **The Australian:** The Australian is owned by News Corp and has a documented conservative editorial bias [8].
gāi gāi 报道bào dào bào dào 提供tí gōng tí gōng le le 关于guān yú guān yú 违背wéi bèi wéi bèi 承诺chéng nuò chéng nuò de de 事实shì shí shì shí 报道bào dào bào dào dàn dàn 通过tōng guò tōng guò duì duì 绿党lǜ dǎng lǜ dǎng 环保huán bǎo huán bǎo 活动家huó dòng jiā huó dòng jiā de de 批评pī píng pī píng lái lái 构建gòu jiàn gòu jiàn 框架kuāng jià kuāng jià [[ [ 11 1 ]] ]
Its reporting generally aligns with center-right political perspectives.
** * ** * 澳大利亚人ào dà lì yà rén ào dà lì yà rén bào bào ** * ** *
The article referenced appears to report on Sea Shepherd footage and calls for government intervention, suggesting it covered the controversy from a neutral reporting angle. **ABC News:** ABC News is Australia's public broadcaster and generally maintains balanced reporting standards.
澳大利亚人ào dà lì yà rén ào dà lì yà rén bào bào yóu yóu 新闻xīn wén xīn wén 集团jí tuán jí tuán NewsNews News CorpCorp Corp 拥有yōng yǒu yōng yǒu 具有jù yǒu jù yǒu 记录在案jì lù zài àn jì lù zài àn de de 保守派bǎo shǒu pài bǎo shǒu pài 编辑biān jí biān jí 偏见piān jiàn piān jiàn [[ [ 88 8 ]] ]
Its coverage confirmed the broken promise while also reporting the government's justification for the aircraft deployment [2].
报道bào dào bào dào 通常tōng cháng tōng cháng 中间zhōng jiān zhōng jiān 偏右piān yòu piān yòu de de 政治zhèng zhì zhèng zhì 观点guān diǎn guān diǎn 保持一致bǎo chí yí zhì bǎo chí yí zhì
suǒ suǒ 引用yǐn yòng yǐn yòng de de 文章wén zhāng wén zhāng 似乎sì hū sì hū 报道bào dào bào dào le le 海洋hǎi yáng hǎi yáng 守护者shǒu hù zhě shǒu hù zhě de de footagefootage footage bìng bìng 呼吁hū yù hū yù 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 干预gān yù gān yù 表明biǎo míng biǎo míng 其以qí yǐ qí yǐ 中立zhōng lì zhōng lì de de 报道bào dào bào dào 角度jiǎo dù jiǎo dù 涵盖hán gài hán gài le le zhè zhè 争议zhēng yì zhēng yì
** * ** * 澳大利亚广播公司ào dà lì yà guǎng bō gōng sī ào dà lì yà guǎng bō gōng sī 新闻xīn wén xīn wén ** * ** *
澳大利亚广播公司ào dà lì yà guǎng bō gōng sī ào dà lì yà guǎng bō gōng sī 新闻xīn wén xīn wén shì shì 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà de de 公共广播gōng gòng guǎng bō gōng gòng guǎng bō 机构jī gòu jī gòu 通常tōng cháng tōng cháng 保持平衡bǎo chí píng héng bǎo chí píng héng de de 报导bào dǎo bào dǎo 标准biāo zhǔn biāo zhǔn
报导bào dǎo bào dǎo 确认què rèn què rèn le le 违背wéi bèi wéi bèi 承诺chéng nuò chéng nuò de de 事实shì shí shì shí 同时tóng shí tóng shí 报导bào dǎo bào dǎo le le 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ duì duì 飞机fēi jī fēi jī 部署bù shǔ bù shǔ de de 辩护biàn hù biàn hù 理由lǐ yóu lǐ yóu [[ [ 22 2 ]] ]
⚖️

工党对比

** * ** * 工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng 是否shì fǒu shì fǒu 做过zuò guò zuò guò 类似lèi sì lèi sì de de 事情shì qíng shì qíng
**Did Labor do something similar?** The Rudd Labor government (2007-2010) sent the Australian Customs vessel Oceanic Viking to the Southern Ocean in 2008 to document Japanese whaling operations [5].
** * ** *
However, this was specifically conducted to gather evidence for Australia's ICJ case against Japan, not as an ongoing operational commitment to monitor whaling [5].
陆克文lù kè wén lù kè wén 工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 20072007 2007 -- - 20102010 2010 nián nián 20082008 2008 nián nián 派遣pài qiǎn pài qiǎn 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 海关hǎi guān hǎi guān 船只chuán zhī chuán zhī 大洋dà yáng dà yáng 维京wéi jīng wéi jīng hào hào 前往qián wǎng qián wǎng 南大洋nán dà yáng nán dà yáng 记录jì lù jì lù 日本rì běn rì běn 捕鲸bǔ jīng bǔ jīng 行动xíng dòng xíng dòng [[ [ 55 5 ]] ]
Following the 2008 deployment, the Gillard Labor government (2010-2013) did not send Customs vessels to monitor whaling operations in subsequent years [6].
然而rán ér rán ér zhè zhè specificallyspecifically specifically shì shì wèi wèi 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà duì duì 日本rì běn rì běn de de 国际法院guó jì fǎ yuàn guó jì fǎ yuàn 案件àn jiàn àn jiàn 收集shōu jí shōu jí 证据zhèng jù zhèng jù ér ér fēi fēi 作为zuò wéi zuò wéi 监测jiān cè jiān cè 捕鲸bǔ jīng bǔ jīng de de 持续chí xù chí xù 行动xíng dòng xíng dòng 承诺chéng nuò chéng nuò [[ [ 55 5 ]] ]
Sea Shepherd characterized the Coalition's December 2013 announcement as "the first monitoring mission on Antarctic whaling in six years" [6], indicating no monitoring occurred between 2008 and 2013 under either Labor or the subsequent Coalition government. **Comparative Analysis:** Neither Labor nor Coalition governments maintained consistent physical monitoring of Japanese whaling in the Southern Ocean.
zài zài 20082008 2008 nián nián 部署bù shǔ bù shǔ 之后zhī hòu zhī hòu 吉拉德jí lā dé jí lā dé GillardGillard Gillard 工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 20102010 2010 -- - 20132013 2013 nián nián zài zài 随后suí hòu suí hòu de de 几年jǐ nián jǐ nián 没有méi yǒu méi yǒu 派遣pài qiǎn pài qiǎn 海关hǎi guān hǎi guān 船只chuán zhī chuán zhī 监测jiān cè jiān cè 捕鲸bǔ jīng bǔ jīng 活动huó dòng huó dòng [[ [ 66 6 ]] ]
Both prioritized diplomatic and legal channels—most notably the ICJ case initiated under Labor in 2010 [9].
海洋hǎi yáng hǎi yáng 守护者shǒu hù zhě shǒu hù zhě 组织zǔ zhī zǔ zhī jiāng jiāng 联盟党lián méng dǎng lián méng dǎng 20132013 2013 nián nián 1212 12 yuè yuè de de 宣布xuān bù xuān bù 描述miáo shù miáo shù wèi wèi 六年liù nián liù nián lái lái 首次shǒu cì shǒu cì duì duì 南极nán jí nán jí 捕鲸bǔ jīng bǔ jīng 进行jìn xíng jìn xíng 监测jiān cè jiān cè 任务rèn wù rèn wù [[ [ 66 6 ]] ] 表明biǎo míng biǎo míng zài zài 20082008 2008 nián nián zhì zhì 20132013 2013 nián nián 期间qī jiān qī jiān 无论是wú lùn shì wú lùn shì 工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng 还是hái shì hái shì 随后suí hòu suí hòu de de 联盟党lián méng dǎng lián méng dǎng 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ dōu dōu 没有méi yǒu méi yǒu 进行jìn xíng jìn xíng 监测jiān cè jiān cè
The Coalition's broken promise is distinctive because they explicitly campaigned on sending a vessel, whereas Labor did not make similar explicit commitments during their final term (2010-2013).
** * ** * 比较bǐ jiào bǐ jiào 分析fēn xī fēn xī ** * ** *
无论是wú lùn shì wú lùn shì 工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng 还是hái shì hái shì 联盟党lián méng dǎng lián méng dǎng 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ dōu dōu 没有méi yǒu méi yǒu 持续chí xù chí xù duì duì 南大洋nán dà yáng nán dà yáng de de 日本rì běn rì běn 捕鲸bǔ jīng bǔ jīng 进行jìn xíng jìn xíng 实体shí tǐ shí tǐ 监测jiān cè jiān cè
双方shuāng fāng shuāng fāng dōu dōu 优先yōu xiān yōu xiān 考虑kǎo lǜ kǎo lǜ 外交wài jiāo wài jiāo 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 渠道qú dào qú dào zuì zuì 著名zhù míng zhù míng de de shì shì 工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng 20102010 2010 nián nián 发起fā qǐ fā qǐ de de 国际法院guó jì fǎ yuàn guó jì fǎ yuàn 案件àn jiàn àn jiàn [[ [ 99 9 ]] ]
联盟党lián méng dǎng lián méng dǎng 违背wéi bèi wéi bèi 承诺chéng nuò chéng nuò de de 特点tè diǎn tè diǎn shì shì 他们tā men tā men 明确míng què míng què zài zài 竞选jìng xuǎn jìng xuǎn zhōng zhōng 承诺chéng nuò chéng nuò 派遣pài qiǎn pài qiǎn 船只chuán zhī chuán zhī ér ér 工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng zài zài 最后zuì hòu zuì hòu 任期rèn qī rèn qī 20102010 2010 -- - 20132013 2013 nián nián 期间qī jiān qī jiān 没有méi yǒu méi yǒu 做出zuò chū zuò chū 类似lèi sì lèi sì de de 明确míng què míng què 承诺chéng nuò chéng nuò
🌐

平衡视角

** * ** * 承诺chéng nuò chéng nuò 及其jí qí jí qí 违背wéi bèi wéi bèi ** * ** *
**The Promise and Its Breaking:** The Coalition clearly broke a specific, repeated campaign commitment.
联盟党lián méng dǎng lián méng dǎng 明显míng xiǎn míng xiǎn 违背wéi bèi wéi bèi le le 一项yī xiàng yī xiàng 具体jù tǐ jù tǐ qiě qiě 反复fǎn fù fǎn fù 作出zuò chū zuò chū de de 竞选jìng xuǎn jìng xuǎn 承诺chéng nuò chéng nuò
Greg Hunt made written commitments on at least three occasions in 2013 promising a Customs vessel would be deployed [1].
格雷格gé léi gé gé léi gé ·· · 亨特hēng tè hēng tè zài zài 20132013 2013 nián nián 至少zhì shǎo zhì shǎo 三次sān cì sān cì 做出zuò chū zuò chū 书面shū miàn shū miàn 承诺chéng nuò chéng nuò 承诺chéng nuò chéng nuò jiāng jiāng 部署bù shǔ bù shǔ 海关hǎi guān hǎi guān 船只chuán zhī chuán zhī [[ [ 11 1 ]] ]
The fisheries policy explicitly promised not to divert resources from Southern Ocean patrols [1].
渔业yú yè yú yè 政策zhèng cè zhèng cè 明确míng què míng què 承诺chéng nuò chéng nuò 不会bú huì bú huì jiāng jiāng 资源zī yuán zī yuán cóng cóng 南大洋nán dà yáng nán dà yáng 巡逻xún luó xún luó zhōng zhōng 转移zhuǎn yí zhuǎn yí [[ [ 11 1 ]] ]
These were not vague statements but specific policy commitments that were not honored. **Government Justification:** The government defended the aircraft deployment by arguing it could cover a larger surveillance area than a single vessel [2].
这些zhè xiē zhè xiē 不是bú shì bú shì 模糊mó hú mó hú de de 声明shēng míng shēng míng 而是ér shì ér shì wèi wèi 兑现duì xiàn duì xiàn de de 具体jù tǐ jù tǐ 政策zhèng cè zhèng cè 承诺chéng nuò chéng nuò
Environment Minister Greg Hunt stated the deployment would "send a clear message that the Australian government expects all parties to abide by the laws of the sea" [1].
** * ** * 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 辩解biàn jiě biàn jiě ** * ** *
The government also noted they were awaiting the ICJ decision, which ultimately vindicated Australia's legal position [3]. **Resource Trade-offs:** The decision to divert the Ocean Protector to asylum seeker operations reflected competing border protection priorities.
政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ wèi wèi 飞机fēi jī fēi jī 部署bù shǔ bù shǔ 辩护biàn hù biàn hù 称其chēng qí chēng qí 可以kě yǐ kě yǐ 比单bǐ dān bǐ dān sōu sōu 船只chuán zhī chuán zhī 覆盖fù gài fù gài 更大gèng dà gèng dà de de 监视jiān shì jiān shì 区域qū yù qū yù [[ [ 22 2 ]] ]
This trade-off, while breaking an explicit promise, was consistent with the new government's emphasis on Operation Sovereign Borders.
环境huán jìng huán jìng 部长bù zhǎng bù zhǎng 格雷格gé léi gé gé léi gé ·· · 亨特hēng tè hēng tè 表示biǎo shì biǎo shì 此次cǐ cì cǐ cì 部署bù shǔ bù shǔ jiāng jiāng 发出fā chū fā chū 明确míng què míng què 信息xìn xī xìn xī 澳大利亚政府ào dà lì yà zhèng fǔ ào dà lì yà zhèng fǔ 期望qī wàng qī wàng 各方gè fāng gè fāng 遵守zūn shǒu zūn shǒu 海洋法hǎi yáng fǎ hǎi yáng fǎ [[ [ 11 1 ]] ]
Greens Senator Peter Whish-Wilson claimed Hunt had been "rolled by his cabinet colleagues" in this decision [1]. **Effectiveness Questions:** Critics, including Sea Shepherd and the Greens, argued that an aircraft could not effectively intervene in confrontations between whalers and protesters, nor could it physically intercept whaling vessels [1][2].
政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ hái hái 指出zhǐ chū zhǐ chū 他们tā men tā men 正在zhèng zài zhèng zài 等待děng dài děng dài 国际法院guó jì fǎ yuàn guó jì fǎ yuàn de de 决定jué dìng jué dìng gāi gāi 决定jué dìng jué dìng 最终zuì zhōng zuì zhōng 证明zhèng míng zhèng míng le le 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 立场lì chǎng lì chǎng de de 正当性zhèng dāng xìng zhèng dāng xìng [[ [ 33 3 ]] ]
Under Australian law, a Customs vessel could potentially turn around Japanese ships conducting illegal whaling; an aircraft could not [2]. **Ultimately Successful Outcome:** The Australian government's strategy, combining the 2008 evidence-gathering mission under Labor and the ICJ case that continued under the Coalition, achieved its ultimate goal.
** * ** * 资源zī yuán zī yuán 权衡quán héng quán héng ** * ** *
The March 2014 ICJ ruling forced Japan to halt its Antarctic whaling program [3][4].
jiāng jiāng 海洋hǎi yáng hǎi yáng 保护者bǎo hù zhě bǎo hù zhě hào hào 调往diào wǎng diào wǎng 寻求xún qiú xún qiú 庇护bì hù bì hù zhě zhě 行动xíng dòng xíng dòng de de 决定jué dìng jué dìng 反映fǎn yìng fǎn yìng le le 边境biān jìng biān jìng 保护bǎo hù bǎo hù 方面fāng miàn fāng miàn de de 竞争jìng zhēng jìng zhēng 优先yōu xiān yōu xiān 事项shì xiàng shì xiàng
While the Coalition broke its specific promise about vessel deployment, the broader Australian government strategy spanning both Labor and Coalition governments succeeded.
这种zhè zhǒng zhè zhǒng 权衡quán héng quán héng 虽然suī rán suī rán 违背wéi bèi wéi bèi le le 明确míng què míng què 承诺chéng nuò chéng nuò dàn dàn 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ duì duì 主权zhǔ quán zhǔ quán 边界biān jiè biān jiè 行动xíng dòng xíng dòng de de 重视zhòng shì zhòng shì 相一致xiāng yí zhì xiāng yí zhì
绿党lǜ dǎng lǜ dǎng 参议员cān yì yuán cān yì yuán 彼得bǐ dé bǐ dé ·· · 威什wēi shén wēi shén -- - 威尔逊wēi ěr xùn wēi ěr xùn PeterPeter Peter WhishWhish Whish -- - WilsonWilson Wilson 声称shēng chēng shēng chēng 亨特hēng tè hēng tè zài zài 决定jué dìng jué dìng zhōng zhōng bèi bèi 内阁nèi gé nèi gé 同事tóng shì tóng shì 说服shuō fú shuō fú [[ [ 11 1 ]] ]
** * ** * 有效性yǒu xiào xìng yǒu xiào xìng 问题wèn tí wèn tí ** * ** *
批评者pī píng zhě pī píng zhě 包括bāo kuò bāo kuò 海洋hǎi yáng hǎi yáng 守护者shǒu hù zhě shǒu hù zhě 绿党lǜ dǎng lǜ dǎng 认为rèn wéi rèn wéi 飞机fēi jī fēi jī 无法wú fǎ wú fǎ 有效yǒu xiào yǒu xiào 干预gān yù gān yù 捕鲸bǔ jīng bǔ jīng zhě zhě 抗议者kàng yì zhě kàng yì zhě 之间zhī jiān zhī jiān de de 冲突chōng tū chōng tū 无法wú fǎ wú fǎ 实际shí jì shí jì 拦截lán jié lán jié 捕鲸船bǔ jīng chuán bǔ jīng chuán zhǐ zhǐ [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] [[ [ 22 2 ]] ]
根据gēn jù gēn jù 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 海关hǎi guān hǎi guān 船只chuán zhī chuán zhī 可能kě néng kě néng huì huì 拦截lán jié lán jié 进行jìn xíng jìn xíng 非法fēi fǎ fēi fǎ 捕鲸bǔ jīng bǔ jīng de de 日本rì běn rì běn 船只chuán zhī chuán zhī 飞机fēi jī fēi jī 不能bù néng bù néng [[ [ 22 2 ]] ]
** * ** * 最终zuì zhōng zuì zhōng 成功chéng gōng chéng gōng de de 结果jié guǒ jié guǒ ** * ** *
澳大利亚政府ào dà lì yà zhèng fǔ ào dà lì yà zhèng fǔ de de 战略zhàn lüè zhàn lüè 结合jié hé jié hé 工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng 领导lǐng dǎo lǐng dǎo xià xià de de 20082008 2008 nián nián 证据zhèng jù zhèng jù 收集shōu jí shōu jí 任务rèn wù rèn wù 联盟党lián méng dǎng lián méng dǎng 领导lǐng dǎo lǐng dǎo xià xià 继续jì xù jì xù de de 国际法院guó jì fǎ yuàn guó jì fǎ yuàn 案件àn jiàn àn jiàn 实现shí xiàn shí xiàn le le 最终目标zuì zhōng mù biāo zuì zhōng mù biāo
20142014 2014 nián nián 33 3 yuè yuè de de 国际法院guó jì fǎ yuàn guó jì fǎ yuàn 裁决cái jué cái jué 迫使pò shǐ pò shǐ 日本rì běn rì běn 停止tíng zhǐ tíng zhǐ 南极nán jí nán jí 捕鲸bǔ jīng bǔ jīng 计划jì huà jì huà [[ [ 33 3 ]] ] [[ [ 44 4 ]] ]
虽然suī rán suī rán 联盟党lián méng dǎng lián méng dǎng 违背wéi bèi wéi bèi le le 关于guān yú guān yú 船只chuán zhī chuán zhī 部署bù shǔ bù shǔ de de 具体jù tǐ jù tǐ 承诺chéng nuò chéng nuò dàn dàn 跨越kuà yuè kuà yuè 工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng 联盟党lián méng dǎng lián méng dǎng 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ de de gèng gèng 广泛guǎng fàn guǎng fàn de de 澳大利亚政府ào dà lì yà zhèng fǔ ào dà lì yà zhèng fǔ 战略zhàn lüè zhàn lüè 取得qǔ dé qǔ dé le le 成功chéng gōng chéng gōng

部分属实

6.0

/ 10

gāi gāi 指控zhǐ kòng zhǐ kòng de de 第一dì yī dì yī 部分bù fèn bù fèn 属实shǔ shí shǔ shí 联盟党lián méng dǎng lián méng dǎng 确实què shí què shí 违背wéi bèi wéi bèi le le 派遣pài qiǎn pài qiǎn 海关hǎi guān hǎi guān 船只chuán zhī chuán zhī 监测jiān cè jiān cè 捕鲸bǔ jīng bǔ jīng de de 明确míng què míng què 选举xuǎn jǔ xuǎn jǔ 承诺chéng nuò chéng nuò 改为gǎi wéi gǎi wéi 部署bù shǔ bù shǔ 飞机fēi jī fēi jī
The first part of the claim is TRUE: The Coalition clearly broke an explicit election promise to send a Customs vessel to monitor whaling, deploying an aircraft instead.
格雷格gé léi gé gé léi gé ·· · 亨特hēng tè hēng tè zài zài 20132013 2013 nián nián 多次duō cì duō cì 书面shū miàn shū miàn 承诺chéng nuò chéng nuò jiāng jiāng 派遣pài qiǎn pài qiǎn 海关hǎi guān hǎi guān 船只chuán zhī chuán zhī [[ [ 11 1 ]] ]
Multiple written commitments from Greg Hunt in 2013 confirmed this promise, and the government acknowledged the change was due to competing operational priorities (Operation Sovereign Borders).
渔业yú yè yú yè 政策zhèng cè zhèng cè 明确míng què míng què 承诺chéng nuò chéng nuò 不会bú huì bú huì jiāng jiāng 资源zī yuán zī yuán cóng cóng 南大洋nán dà yáng nán dà yáng 巡逻xún luó xún luó zhōng zhōng 转移zhuǎn yí zhuǎn yí [[ [ 11 1 ]] ]
The second part of the claim—that the government "subsequently broke that second promise too"—appears to be **FALSE or at least UNVERIFIED** based on available evidence.
这些zhè xiē zhè xiē 不是bú shì bú shì 模糊mó hú mó hú de de 声明shēng míng shēng míng 而是ér shì ér shì wèi wèi 兑现duì xiàn duì xiàn de de 具体jù tǐ jù tǐ 政策zhèng cè zhèng cè 承诺chéng nuò chéng nuò
Sources indicate the A319 aircraft monitoring did proceed during the January-March 2014 whaling season as announced [1][2].
gāi gāi 指控zhǐ kòng zhǐ kòng de de 第二dì èr dì èr 部分bù fèn bù fèn 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 随后suí hòu suí hòu 违背wéi bèi wéi bèi le le 第二个dì èr gè dì èr gè 承诺chéng nuò chéng nuò 根据gēn jù gēn jù 现有xiàn yǒu xiàn yǒu 证据zhèng jù zhèng jù 看来kàn lái kàn lái shì shì ** * ** * 虚假xū jiǎ xū jiǎ huò huò 至少zhì shǎo zhì shǎo 未经wèi jīng wèi jīng 验证yàn zhèng yàn zhèng ** * ** * de de
The claim also omits critical context: The Rudd Labor government's 2008 vessel deployment was a one-time evidence-gathering mission for the ICJ case, not ongoing monitoring, and no monitoring occurred for five subsequent years under Labor.
消息来源xiāo xī lái yuán xiāo xī lái yuán 表明biǎo míng biǎo míng A319A319 A319 飞机fēi jī fēi jī 监测jiān cè jiān cè 确实què shí què shí zài zài 20142014 2014 nián nián 11 1 yuè yuè zhì zhì 33 3 yuè yuè 期间qī jiān qī jiān 按计划àn jì huà àn jì huà 进行jìn xíng jìn xíng [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] [[ [ 22 2 ]] ]
Both parties ultimately relied primarily on diplomatic/legal channels rather than physical enforcement.
gāi gāi 指控zhǐ kòng zhǐ kòng hái hái 省略shěng lüè shěng lüè le le 关键guān jiàn guān jiàn 背景bèi jǐng bèi jǐng 陆克文lù kè wén lù kè wén 工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 20082008 2008 nián nián de de 船只chuán zhī chuán zhī 部署bù shǔ bù shǔ shì shì wèi wèi 国际法院guó jì fǎ yuàn guó jì fǎ yuàn 案件àn jiàn àn jiàn 进行jìn xíng jìn xíng de de 一次性yí cì xìng yí cì xìng 证据zhèng jù zhèng jù 收集shōu jí shōu jí 任务rèn wù rèn wù ér ér fēi fēi 持续chí xù chí xù 监测jiān cè jiān cè zài zài 工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng 执政zhí zhèng zhí zhèng de de 随后suí hòu suí hòu 五年wǔ nián wǔ nián 没有méi yǒu méi yǒu 进行jìn xíng jìn xíng 监测jiān cè jiān cè
The Coalition's broken promise is factual, but the framing as uniquely negligent ignores the historical pattern of sporadic monitoring by both parties.
双方shuāng fāng shuāng fāng 最终zuì zhōng zuì zhōng dōu dōu 主要zhǔ yào zhǔ yào 依靠yī kào yī kào 外交wài jiāo wài jiāo // / 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 渠道qú dào qú dào ér ér fēi fēi 实体shí tǐ shí tǐ 执法zhí fǎ zhí fǎ
联盟党lián méng dǎng lián méng dǎng 违背wéi bèi wéi bèi 承诺chéng nuò chéng nuò shì shì 事实shì shí shì shí dàn dàn jiāng jiāng 描述miáo shù miáo shù wèi wèi uniqueunique unique de de 疏忽shū hū shū hū 忽略hū lüè hū lüè le le 双方shuāng fāng shuāng fāng 断断续续duàn duàn xù xù duàn duàn xù xù 监测jiān cè jiān cè de de 历史lì shǐ lì shǐ 模式mó shì mó shì

📚 来源与引用 (9)

  1. 1
    Australia to monitor Japan's Antarctica whale hunt by plane, not ship

    Australia to monitor Japan's Antarctica whale hunt by plane, not ship

    Environment minister Greg Hunt says the most effective way to make sure 'all parties' abide by the law of the sea is from the air

    the Guardian
  2. 2
    Government accused of breaking election promise over Japanese whaling in Southern Ocean

    Government accused of breaking election promise over Japanese whaling in Southern Ocean

    The Federal Government has been accused of breaking an election promise by sending a plane instead of a boat to monitor Japanese whaling in the Southern Ocean. The Government will send an A319 plane to the Southern Ocean during the whaling season, which begins in January and ends in March. In the lead-up to the election it promised to send a Customs vessel. Under Australian law, such a vessel would have to turn around any Japanese ship that conducted illegal whaling. Environment Minister Greg Hunt says the Government is acting in the absence of a decision against whaling by the International Court of Justice. But the Greens and anti-whaling group Sea Shepherd have lashed out at the move, saying it marks a broken promise and will have a limited impact.

    Abc Net
  3. 3
    icj-cij.org

    Whaling in the Antarctic (Australia v. Japan: New Zealand intervening)

    Icj-cij

  4. 4
    International Court of Justice rules against Japanese whaling program

    International Court of Justice rules against Japanese whaling program

    UCSC mathematical biologist Marc Mangel testified in a case challenging the legality of Japan's controversial whaling program.

    News
  5. 5
    seashepherd.org.au

    Australia's information commissioner agrees

    Seashepherd Org

    Original link no longer available
  6. 6
    Abbott breaks election promise on whales

    Abbott breaks election promise on whales

    The Abbott government has abandoned its pre-election promise to send a Customs vessel to monitor Japan's illegal whaling in the Southern Ocean this summer.

    Tasmanian Times
  7. 7
    The Guardian - Bias and Credibility

    The Guardian - Bias and Credibility

    LEFT-CENTER BIAS These media sources have a slight to moderate liberal bias.  They often publish factual information that utilizes loaded words

    Media Bias/Fact Check
  8. 8
    The Australian - Bias and Credibility

    The Australian - Bias and Credibility

    RIGHT-CENTER BIAS These media sources are slightly to moderately conservative in bias. They often publish factual information that utilizes loaded words

    Media Bias/Fact Check
  9. 9
    PDF

    The Whaling Case: Australian Perspectives

    Www2 Jiia Or • PDF Document

评分方法

1-3: 不实

事实错误或恶意捏造。

4-6: 部分属实

有一定真实性,但缺乏背景或有所偏颇。

7-9: 基本属实

仅有微小的技术性或措辞问题。

10: 准确

完全经过验证且客观公正。

方法论: 评分通过交叉参照政府官方记录、独立事实核查机构和原始文件确定。