部分属实

评分: 4.0/10

Coalition
C0662

声明内容

“重写了反恐法律,使得从叙利亚和伊拉克返回的澳大利亚游客将被视为恐怖分子有罪,直到他们证明自己无辜为止。”
原始来源: Matthew Davis

原始来源

事实核查

AbbottAbbott Abbott 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 确实què shí què shí zài zài 20142014 2014 nián nián 提出tí chū tí chū le le 针对zhēn duì zhēn duì cóng cóng 叙利亚xù lì yà xù lì yà 伊拉克yī lā kè yī lā kè 返回fǎn huí fǎn huí 人员rén yuán rén yuán de de 反恐fǎn kǒng fǎn kǒng 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 改革gǎi gé gǎi gé dàn dàn gāi gāi 声称shēng chēng shēng chēng duì duì 实际shí jì shí jì 颁布bān bù bān bù de de 内容nèi róng nèi róng 存在cún zài cún zài 重大zhòng dà zhòng dà 误解wù jiě wù jiě [[ [ 11 1 ]] ]
The Abbott government did propose counterterrorism law reforms in 2014 concerning Australians returning from Syria and Iraq, but the claim significantly mischaracterizes what was actually enacted [1].
20142014 2014 nián nián 88 8 yuè yuè 11 1 de de 每日měi rì měi rì 电讯报diàn xùn bào diàn xùn bào 报道bào dào bào dào chēng chēng 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 正在zhèng zài zhèng zài "" " 考虑kǎo lǜ kǎo lǜ "" " duì duì cóng cóng 叙利亚xù lì yà xù lì yà 伊拉克yī lā kè yī lā kè 返回fǎn huí fǎn huí de de 人员rén yuán rén yuán 实行shí xíng shí xíng 举证责任jǔ zhèng zé rèn jǔ zhèng zé rèn 倒置dào zhì dào zhì [[ [ 22 2 ]] ]
The Daily Telegraph article from August 1, 2014, reported that the government was "considering" reversing the onus of proof for people returning from Syria and Iraq [2].
然而rán ér rán ér zhè zhè 只是zhǐ shì zhǐ shì 当时dāng shí dāng shí 提出tí chū tí chū de de 建议jiàn yì jiàn yì 并非bìng fēi bìng fēi 最终zuì zhōng zuì zhōng 通过tōng guò tōng guò de de 立法lì fǎ lì fǎ [[ [ 33 3 ]] ]
However, this was a floated proposal at the time, not the final legislation that was passed [3].
实际上shí jì shàng shí jì shàng 20142014 2014 nián nián 1010 10 yuè yuè 通过tōng guò tōng guò de de 反恐fǎn kǒng fǎn kǒng 立法lì fǎ lì fǎ 修正案xiū zhèng àn xiū zhèng àn 外国wài guó wài guó 战士zhàn shì zhàn shì 法案fǎ àn fǎ àn 20142014 2014 并未bìng wèi bìng wèi 包含bāo hán bāo hán duì duì 无罪wú zuì wú zuì 推定tuī dìng tuī dìng de de 全面quán miàn quán miàn 逆转nì zhuǎn nì zhuǎn [[ [ 44 4 ]] ]
The actual Counter-Terrorism Legislation Amendment (Foreign Fighters) Act 2014, which passed in October 2014, did not contain a blanket reversal of the presumption of innocence [4].
相反xiāng fǎn xiāng fǎn 引入yǐn rù yǐn rù le le "" " 指定zhǐ dìng zhǐ dìng 区域qū yù qū yù "" " 罪行zuì xíng zuì xíng 规定guī dìng guī dìng zài zài 没有méi yǒu méi yǒu "" " 合法hé fǎ hé fǎ 目的mù dì mù dì "" " de de 情况qíng kuàng qíng kuàng xià xià 进入jìn rù jìn rù huò huò 停留tíng liú tíng liú zài zài 指定zhǐ dìng zhǐ dìng 区域qū yù qū yù 伊拉克yī lā kè yī lā kè 摩苏尔mó sū ěr mó sū ěr 叙利亚xù lì yà xù lì yà 拉卡lā kǎ lā kǎ 属于shǔ yú shǔ yú 违法行为wéi fǎ xíng wéi wéi fǎ xíng wéi [[ [ 55 5 ]] ]
Instead, it introduced the "declared areas" offence, making it an offence to enter or remain in designated areas (such as Mosul in Iraq and al-Raqqa in Syria) without a "legitimate purpose" [5].
根据gēn jù gēn jù 最终zuì zhōng zuì zhōng 立法lì fǎ lì fǎ
Under the final legislation: - The prosecution must still prove beyond reasonable doubt that the person entered or remained in a declared area [6] - The defendant bears an "evidential burden" (not a legal burden) to point to evidence that they were in the area for a legitimate purpose [7] - Legitimate purposes include: providing humanitarian aid, making genuine visits to family members, undertaking professional journalism, and providing aid during emergencies [8] This is legally distinct from "guilty until proven innocent" - the prosecution still bears the primary burden of proof for the core elements of the offence [9].
-- - 控方kòng fāng kòng fāng réng réng 排除pái chú pái chú 合理hé lǐ hé lǐ 怀疑huái yí huái yí 证明zhèng míng zhèng míng gāi gāi rén rén 进入jìn rù jìn rù huò huò 停留tíng liú tíng liú zài zài 指定zhǐ dìng zhǐ dìng 区域qū yù qū yù [[ [ 66 6 ]] ]
-- - 被告bèi gào bèi gào 承担chéng dān chéng dān "" " 举证责任jǔ zhèng zé rèn jǔ zhèng zé rèn "" " ér ér fēi fēi 法律责任fǎ lǜ zé rèn fǎ lǜ zé rèn 指出zhǐ chū zhǐ chū 证据zhèng jù zhèng jù 证明zhèng míng zhèng míng 他们tā men tā men zài zài gāi gāi 区域qū yù qū yù yǒu yǒu 合法hé fǎ hé fǎ 目的mù dì mù dì [[ [ 77 7 ]] ]
-- - 合法hé fǎ hé fǎ 目的mù dì mù dì 包括bāo kuò bāo kuò 提供tí gōng tí gōng 人道主义rén dào zhǔ yì rén dào zhǔ yì 援助yuán zhù yuán zhù 真诚zhēn chéng zhēn chéng 探亲tàn qīn tàn qīn 从事cóng shì cóng shì 专业zhuān yè zhuān yè 新闻报道xīn wén bào dào xīn wén bào dào zài zài 紧急情况jǐn jí qíng kuàng jǐn jí qíng kuàng xià xià 提供援助tí gōng yuán zhù tí gōng yuán zhù [[ [ 88 8 ]] ]
zhè zhè "" " 有罪yǒu zuì yǒu zuì 直到zhí dào zhí dào 证明zhèng míng zhèng míng 无辜wú gū wú gū "" " zài zài 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ shàng shàng yǒu yǒu 本质区别běn zhì qū bié běn zhì qū bié 控方kòng fāng kòng fāng réng réng 承担chéng dān chéng dān 核心hé xīn hé xīn 罪行zuì xíng zuì xíng 要素yào sù yào sù de de 主要zhǔ yào zhǔ yào 举证责任jǔ zhèng zé rèn jǔ zhèng zé rèn [[ [ 99 9 ]] ]

缺失背景

gāi gāi 声称shēng chēng shēng chēng 遗漏yí lòu yí lòu le le 几个jǐ gè jǐ gè 关键guān jiàn guān jiàn 背景bèi jǐng bèi jǐng 信息xìn xī xìn xī
The claim omits several critical pieces of context: **Bipartisan Support**: The Foreign Fighters legislation passed with strong bipartisan support - Labor voted with the Coalition in the Senate, with the bill passing 43 votes to 12 (opposed only by Greens and crossbenchers) [10].
** * ** * 两党liǎng dǎng liǎng dǎng 支持zhī chí zhī chí ** * ** * 外国wài guó wài guó 战士zhàn shì zhàn shì 法案fǎ àn fǎ àn 获得huò dé huò dé le le 强有力qiáng yǒu lì qiáng yǒu lì de de 两党liǎng dǎng liǎng dǎng 支持zhī chí zhī chí LaborLabor Labor zài zài 参议院cān yì yuàn cān yì yuàn CoalitionCoalition Coalition 一起yì qǐ yì qǐ 投票tóu piào tóu piào 法案fǎ àn fǎ àn 4343 43 piào piào duì duì 1212 12 piào piào 通过tōng guò tōng guò jǐn jǐn 绿党lǜ dǎng lǜ dǎng 中立zhōng lì zhōng lì 议员yì yuán yì yuán 反对fǎn duì fǎn duì [[ [ 1010 10 ]] ]
Opposition Leader Bill Shorten stated "Labor believes that our security agencies and national institutions should have the powers and resources they need to keep Australians safe" [11]. **Specific Context of 2014**: The legislation was introduced amid escalating conflict in Syria and Iraq, with the Islamic State (ISIL/ISIS) seizing territory and actively recruiting foreign fighters [12].
反对党fǎn duì dǎng fǎn duì dǎng 领袖lǐng xiù lǐng xiù BillBill Bill ShortenShorten Shorten 表示biǎo shì biǎo shì "" " LaborLabor Labor 认为rèn wéi rèn wéi 我们wǒ men wǒ men de de 安全ān quán ān quán 机构jī gòu jī gòu 国家guó jiā guó jiā 机构jī gòu jī gòu yīng yīng 拥有yōng yǒu yōng yǒu 保护bǎo hù bǎo hù 澳大利亚人ào dà lì yà rén ào dà lì yà rén 安全ān quán ān quán suǒ suǒ de de 权力quán lì quán lì 资源zī yuán zī yuán "" " [[ [ 1111 11 ]] ]
Approximately 70 Australians were believed to be fighting with extremist groups in the region, creating genuine security concerns about returning radicalized individuals [13]. **International Context**: The legislation responded to UN Security Council Resolution 2178 (September 2014), which called on member states to take action against foreign terrorist fighters [14].
** * ** * 20142014 2014 nián nián de de 具体jù tǐ jù tǐ 背景bèi jǐng bèi jǐng ** * ** * gāi gāi 立法lì fǎ lì fǎ shì shì zài zài 叙利亚xù lì yà xù lì yà 伊拉克yī lā kè yī lā kè 冲突chōng tū chōng tū 升级shēng jí shēng jí de de 背景bèi jǐng bèi jǐng xià xià 推出tuī chū tuī chū de de 当时dāng shí dāng shí 伊斯兰yī sī lán yī sī lán guó guó ISILISIL ISIL // / ISISISIS ISIS 占领zhàn lǐng zhàn lǐng 领土lǐng tǔ lǐng tǔ bìng bìng 积极jī jí jī jí 招募zhāo mù zhāo mù 外国wài guó wài guó 战士zhàn shì zhàn shì [[ [ 1212 12 ]] ]
Similar laws were being implemented across Western nations in response to the foreign fighter phenomenon [15]. **Proposal vs.
据信jù xìn jù xìn yuē yuē yǒu yǒu 7070 70 míng míng 澳大利亚人ào dà lì yà rén ào dà lì yà rén zài zài gāi gāi 地区dì qū dì qū 极端jí duān jí duān 组织zǔ zhī zǔ zhī 作战zuò zhàn zuò zhàn zhè zhè 造成zào chéng zào chéng le le duì duì 返回fǎn huí fǎn huí 激进jī jìn jī jìn 人员rén yuán rén yuán de de 安全ān quán ān quán 担忧dān yōu dān yōu [[ [ 1313 13 ]] ]
Final Law**: The "guilty until proven innocent" framing was based on media reports of proposals being considered in August 2014, not the final legislation enacted in October 2014 after parliamentary scrutiny and amendment [16].
** * ** * 国际背景guó jì bèi jǐng guó jì bèi jǐng ** * ** * gāi gāi 立法lì fǎ lì fǎ 回应huí yìng huí yìng le le 联合国安理会lián hé guó ān lǐ huì lián hé guó ān lǐ huì 21782178 2178 hào hào 决议jué yì jué yì 20142014 2014 nián nián 99 9 yuè yuè gāi gāi 决议jué yì jué yì 呼吁hū yù hū yù 成员国chéng yuán guó chéng yuán guó duì duì 外国wài guó wài guó 恐怖分子kǒng bù fèn zi kǒng bù fèn zi 战士zhàn shì zhàn shì 采取行动cǎi qǔ xíng dòng cǎi qǔ xíng dòng [[ [ 1414 14 ]] ]
西方xī fāng xī fāng 各国gè guó gè guó dōu dōu zài zài 实施shí shī shí shī 类似lèi sì lèi sì 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 应对yìng duì yìng duì 外国wài guó wài guó 战士zhàn shì zhàn shì 现象xiàn xiàng xiàn xiàng [[ [ 1515 15 ]] ]
** * ** * 建议jiàn yì jiàn yì 最终zuì zhōng zuì zhōng 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ ** * ** * "" " 有罪yǒu zuì yǒu zuì 直到zhí dào zhí dào 证明zhèng míng zhèng míng 无辜wú gū wú gū "" " de de 表述biǎo shù biǎo shù shì shì 基于jī yú jī yú 20142014 2014 nián nián 88 8 yuè yuè 媒体报道méi tǐ bào dào méi tǐ bào dào de de 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 考虑kǎo lǜ kǎo lǜ zhōng zhōng de de 建议jiàn yì jiàn yì ér ér fēi fēi 20142014 2014 nián nián 1010 10 月经yuè jīng yuè jīng 议会yì huì yì huì 审查shěn chá shěn chá 修正xiū zhèng xiū zhèng hòu hòu 颁布bān bù bān bù de de 最终zuì zhōng zuì zhōng 立法lì fǎ lì fǎ [[ [ 1616 16 ]] ]

来源可信度评估

原始yuán shǐ yuán shǐ 来源lái yuán lái yuán shì shì 每日měi rì měi rì 电讯报diàn xùn bào diàn xùn bào 一家yī jiā yī jiā 新闻xīn wén xīn wén 集团jí tuán jí tuán 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 出版物chū bǎn wù chū bǎn wù
The original source is The Daily Telegraph, a News Corp Australia publication.
新闻xīn wén xīn wén 集团jí tuán jí tuán 出版物chū bǎn wù chū bǎn wù 通常tōng cháng tōng cháng 具有jù yǒu jù yǒu 保守bǎo shǒu bǎo shǒu de de 编辑biān jí biān jí 倾向qīng xiàng qīng xiàng 通常tōng cháng tōng cháng 支持zhī chí zhī chí CoalitionCoalition Coalition 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ [[ [ 1717 17 ]] ]
News Corp publications generally have conservative editorial leanings and have typically supported Coalition governments [17].
gāi gāi 文章wén zhāng wén zhāng de de 标题biāo tí biāo tí "" " 证明zhèng míng zhèng míng de de 无辜wú gū wú gū "" " 具有jù yǒu jù yǒu 煽动性shān dòng xìng shān dòng xìng 未能wèi néng wèi néng 准确zhǔn què zhǔn què 反映fǎn yìng fǎn yìng 最终zuì zhōng zuì zhōng 成为chéng wéi chéng wéi 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ de de 细致xì zhì xì zhì 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 立场lì chǎng lì chǎng [[ [ 1818 18 ]] ]
The article's headline "Prove your innocence" was sensationalist and did not accurately reflect the nuanced legal position that ultimately became law [18].
报道bào dào bào dào jiāng jiāng 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 提出tí chū tí chū de de 建议jiàn yì jiàn yì 最终zuì zhōng zuì zhōng 立法lì fǎ lì fǎ 混为一谈hùn wéi yī tán hùn wéi yī tán duì duì 实际shí jì shí jì 颁布bān bù bān bù de de 内容nèi róng nèi róng 产生chǎn shēng chǎn shēng le le 误导性wù dǎo xìng wù dǎo xìng 印象yìn xiàng yìn xiàng [[ [ 1919 19 ]] ]
The reporting conflated proposals being floated by the government with finalized legislation, creating a misleading impression of what was actually enacted [19].
⚖️

工党对比

** * ** * LaborLabor Labor 是否shì fǒu shì fǒu zuò zuò guò guò 类似lèi sì lèi sì de de 事情shì qíng shì qíng
**Did Labor do something similar?** Search conducted: "Labor government foreign fighters terrorism laws comparison declared areas" Finding: The Labor Opposition provided bipartisan support for the Foreign Fighters Bill 2014, indicating they accepted the policy framework [20].
** * ** *
When Labor returned to government in 2022, they maintained and extended these provisions.
搜索sōu suǒ sōu suǒ "" " LaborLabor Labor 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 外国wài guó wài guó 战士zhàn shì zhàn shì 反恐fǎn kǒng fǎn kǒng 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 比较bǐ jiào bǐ jiào 指定zhǐ dìng zhǐ dìng 区域qū yù qū yù "" "
The Albanese government's Attorney-General Mark Dreyfus introduced the Counter-Terrorism Legislation Amendment (Declared Areas) Bill 2024 to continue the declared areas regime, arguing it "fulfils a crucial role in the disruption and prosecution of returning foreign terrorist fighters" [21].
发现fā xiàn fā xiàn LaborLabor Labor 反对派fǎn duì pài fǎn duì pài wèi wèi 20142014 2014 nián nián 外国wài guó wài guó 战士zhàn shì zhàn shì 法案fǎ àn fǎ àn 提供tí gōng tí gōng le le 两党liǎng dǎng liǎng dǎng 支持zhī chí zhī chí 表明biǎo míng biǎo míng 他们tā men tā men 接受jiē shòu jiē shòu le le gāi gāi 政策zhèng cè zhèng cè 框架kuāng jià kuāng jià [[ [ 2020 20 ]] ]
This demonstrates that the declared areas framework, while controversial, has been supported by both major parties as a national security measure.
dāng dāng LaborLabor Labor 20222022 2022 nián nián 重新chóng xīn chóng xīn 执政zhí zhèng zhí zhèng shí shí 他们tā men tā men 维持wéi chí wéi chí bìng bìng 扩展kuò zhǎn kuò zhǎn le le 这些zhè xiē zhè xiē 条款tiáo kuǎn tiáo kuǎn
Labor's continued use of these provisions in government indicates they do not view this as an aberrant Coalition policy but as an ongoing security tool [22].
AlbaneseAlbanese Albanese 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ de de 司法部长sī fǎ bù zhǎng sī fǎ bù zhǎng MarkMark Mark DreyfusDreyfus Dreyfus 提出tí chū tí chū le le 反恐fǎn kǒng fǎn kǒng 立法lì fǎ lì fǎ 修正案xiū zhèng àn xiū zhèng àn 指定zhǐ dìng zhǐ dìng 区域qū yù qū yù 法案fǎ àn fǎ àn 20242024 2024 延续yán xù yán xù 指定zhǐ dìng zhǐ dìng 区域qū yù qū yù 制度zhì dù zhì dù 称其chēng qí chēng qí "" " zài zài 瓦解wǎ jiě wǎ jiě 起诉qǐ sù qǐ sù 返回fǎn huí fǎn huí de de 外国wài guó wài guó 恐怖分子kǒng bù fèn zi kǒng bù fèn zi 战士zhàn shì zhàn shì 方面fāng miàn fāng miàn 发挥fā huī fā huī zhe zhe 关键作用guān jiàn zuò yòng guān jiàn zuò yòng "" " [[ [ 2121 21 ]] ]
zhè zhè 表明biǎo míng biǎo míng 尽管jǐn guǎn jǐn guǎn 存在cún zài cún zài 争议zhēng yì zhēng yì 指定zhǐ dìng zhǐ dìng 区域qū yù qū yù 框架kuāng jià kuāng jià 获得huò dé huò dé 两大党liǎng dà dǎng liǎng dà dǎng de de 支持zhī chí zhī chí 作为zuò wéi zuò wéi 国家guó jiā guó jiā 安全措施ān quán cuò shī ān quán cuò shī
LaborLabor Labor zài zài 执政zhí zhèng zhí zhèng 期间qī jiān qī jiān 继续jì xù jì xù 使用shǐ yòng shǐ yòng 这些zhè xiē zhè xiē 条款tiáo kuǎn tiáo kuǎn 表明biǎo míng biǎo míng 他们tā men tā men jiāng jiāng 视为shì wèi shì wèi CoalitionCoalition Coalition de de 异常yì cháng yì cháng 政策zhèng cè zhèng cè 而是ér shì ér shì 持续chí xù chí xù de de 安全ān quán ān quán 工具gōng jù gōng jù [[ [ 2222 22 ]] ]
🌐

平衡视角

gāi gāi 声称shēng chēng shēng chēng 使用shǐ yòng shǐ yòng 煽动性shān dòng xìng shān dòng xìng 语言yǔ yán yǔ yán "" " 有罪yǒu zuì yǒu zuì 直到zhí dào zhí dào 证明zhèng míng zhèng míng 无辜wú gū wú gū "" " 未能wèi néng wèi néng 准确zhǔn què zhǔn què 反映fǎn yìng fǎn yìng suǒ suǒ 颁布bān bù bān bù de de 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 框架kuāng jià kuāng jià
The claim uses inflammatory language ("guilty of terrorism until they prove they are innocent") that does not accurately reflect the legal framework enacted. **What the law actually does:** The declared areas offence creates a rebuttable presumption that shifts an *evidential* burden (not a legal burden) onto the defendant once the prosecution proves the person entered a declared area [23].
** * ** * 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 实际shí jì shí jì 内容nèi róng nèi róng ** * ** *
This is a recognized legal mechanism used in various contexts, distinct from true reversal of onus of proof where the defendant must prove innocence [24]. **Criticisms raised at the time:** The Law Council of Australia and Australian Human Rights Commission raised concerns about the declared areas provisions, describing them as a "blunt instrument" that could affect innocent travelers including journalists, aid workers, and those with family connections [25].
指定zhǐ dìng zhǐ dìng 区域qū yù qū yù 罪行zuì xíng zuì xíng 创设chuàng shè chuàng shè le le 反驳fǎn bó fǎn bó de de 推定tuī dìng tuī dìng 一旦yí dàn yí dàn 控方kòng fāng kòng fāng 证明zhèng míng zhèng míng gāi gāi rén rén 进入jìn rù jìn rù 指定zhǐ dìng zhǐ dìng 区域qū yù qū yù jiù jiù jiāng jiāng ** * 举证jǔ zhèng jǔ zhèng ** * 责任zé rèn zé rèn ér ér fēi fēi 法律责任fǎ lǜ zé rèn fǎ lǜ zé rèn 转移zhuǎn yí zhuǎn yí gěi gěi 被告bèi gào bèi gào [[ [ 2323 23 ]] ]
The Human Rights Commission recommended amendments to strengthen protections for legitimate travel purposes [26]. **Government justification:** Attorney-General George Brandis argued the provisions were necessary because "there are some areas of the world, areas under the control of terrorist armies... to which Australians should not travel" [27].
这是zhè shì zhè shì 一种yī zhǒng yī zhǒng zài zài 多种duō zhǒng duō zhǒng 情况qíng kuàng qíng kuàng xià xià 使用shǐ yòng shǐ yòng de de 公认gōng rèn gōng rèn 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 机制jī zhì jī zhì 被告bèi gào bèi gào 必须bì xū bì xū 证明zhèng míng zhèng míng 无辜wú gū wú gū de de 真正zhēn zhèng zhēn zhèng 举证责任jǔ zhèng zé rèn jǔ zhèng zé rèn 逆转nì zhuǎn nì zhuǎn 不同bù tóng bù tóng [[ [ 2424 24 ]] ]
The government maintained that the specific list of legitimate purposes provided legal certainty, ensuring people knew what conduct was permitted [28]. **Comparative context:** This approach is not unique to Australia.
** * ** * 当时dāng shí dāng shí 提出tí chū tí chū de de 批评pī píng pī píng ** * ** *
The UK, Canada, and other Western nations implemented similar foreign fighter measures following UN Security Council Resolution 2178 [29].
澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 法律委员会fǎ lǜ wěi yuán huì fǎ lǜ wěi yuán huì 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 人权委员会rén quán wěi yuán huì rén quán wěi yuán huì duì duì 指定zhǐ dìng zhǐ dìng 区域qū yù qū yù 条款tiáo kuǎn tiáo kuǎn 表示biǎo shì biǎo shì 担忧dān yōu dān yōu 称其为chēng qí wèi chēng qí wèi 可能kě néng kě néng 影响yǐng xiǎng yǐng xiǎng dào dào 记者jì zhě jì zhě 援助yuán zhù yuán zhù 工作者gōng zuò zhě gōng zuò zhě yǒu yǒu 家庭jiā tíng jiā tíng 联系lián xì lián xì de de 无辜wú gū wú gū 旅行者lǚ xíng zhě lǚ xíng zhě de de "" " 钝器dùn qì dùn qì "" " [[ [ 2525 25 ]] ]
The bipartisan support from Labor indicates this was viewed as a legitimate national security response to an unprecedented threat, not a partisan power grab. **Key context:** The characterization of the law as making people "guilty of terrorism until they prove they are innocent" is legally inaccurate and omits the bipartisan support, international context, and specific safeguards that were included in the final legislation.
人权委员会rén quán wěi yuán huì rén quán wěi yuán huì 建议jiàn yì jiàn yì 修正xiū zhèng xiū zhèng 条款tiáo kuǎn tiáo kuǎn 加强jiā qiáng jiā qiáng duì duì 合法hé fǎ hé fǎ 旅行lǚ xíng lǚ xíng de de 保护bǎo hù bǎo hù [[ [ 2626 26 ]] ]
** * ** * 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 辩解biàn jiě biàn jiě ** * ** *
司法部长sī fǎ bù zhǎng sī fǎ bù zhǎng GeorgeGeorge George BrandisBrandis Brandis 辩称biàn chēng biàn chēng 这些zhè xiē zhè xiē 条款tiáo kuǎn tiáo kuǎn shì shì 必要bì yào bì yào de de 因为yīn wèi yīn wèi "" " 世界shì jiè shì jiè shàng shàng 有些yǒu xiē yǒu xiē 地区dì qū dì qū zài zài 恐怖kǒng bù kǒng bù 军队jūn duì jūn duì de de 控制kòng zhì kòng zhì xià xià 澳大利亚人ào dà lì yà rén ào dà lì yà rén 应该yīng gāi yīng gāi 前往qián wǎng qián wǎng "" " [[ [ 2727 27 ]] ]
政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 坚称jiān chēng jiān chēng 合法hé fǎ hé fǎ 目的mù dì mù dì de de 具体jù tǐ jù tǐ 清单qīng dān qīng dān 提供tí gōng tí gōng le le 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 确定性què dìng xìng què dìng xìng 确保què bǎo què bǎo 人们rén men rén men 知道zhī dào zhī dào 哪些nǎ xiē nǎ xiē 行为xíng wéi xíng wéi shì shì 允许yǔn xǔ yǔn xǔ de de [[ [ 2828 28 ]] ]
** * ** * 比较bǐ jiào bǐ jiào 背景bèi jǐng bèi jǐng ** * ** *
这种zhè zhǒng zhè zhǒng 做法zuò fǎ zuò fǎ 并非bìng fēi bìng fēi 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 独有dú yǒu dú yǒu
英国yīng guó yīng guó 加拿大jiā ná dà jiā ná dà 其他qí tā qí tā 西方xī fāng xī fāng 国家guó jiā guó jiā zài zài 联合国安理会lián hé guó ān lǐ huì lián hé guó ān lǐ huì 21782178 2178 hào hào 决议jué yì jué yì hòu hòu 实施shí shī shí shī le le 类似lèi sì lèi sì de de 外国wài guó wài guó 战士zhàn shì zhàn shì 措施cuò shī cuò shī [[ [ 2929 29 ]] ]
LaborLabor Labor de de 两党liǎng dǎng liǎng dǎng 支持zhī chí zhī chí 表明biǎo míng biǎo míng zhè zhè bèi bèi 视为shì wèi shì wèi duì duì 前所未有qián suǒ wèi yǒu qián suǒ wèi yǒu de de 威胁wēi xié wēi xié de de 合法hé fǎ hé fǎ 国家guó jiā guó jiā 安全ān quán ān quán 回应huí yìng huí yìng ér ér fēi fēi 党派dǎng pài dǎng pài 夺权duó quán duó quán
** * ** * 关键guān jiàn guān jiàn 背景bèi jǐng bèi jǐng ** * ** * jiāng jiāng 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 描述miáo shù miáo shù wèi wèi 使shǐ shǐ 人们rén men rén men "" " 有罪yǒu zuì yǒu zuì 直到zhí dào zhí dào 证明zhèng míng zhèng míng 无辜wú gū wú gū "" " zài zài 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ shàng shàng shì shì 准确zhǔn què zhǔn què de de 遗漏yí lòu yí lòu le le 两党liǎng dǎng liǎng dǎng 支持zhī chí zhī chí 国际背景guó jì bèi jǐng guó jì bèi jǐng 以及yǐ jí yǐ jí 最终zuì zhōng zuì zhōng 立法lì fǎ lì fǎ zhōng zhōng 包含bāo hán bāo hán de de 具体jù tǐ jù tǐ 保障bǎo zhàng bǎo zhàng 措施cuò shī cuò shī

部分属实

4.0

/ 10

CoalitionCoalition Coalition 确实què shí què shí zài zài 20142014 2014 nián nián 提出tí chū tí chū bìng bìng 颁布bān bù bān bù le le 反恐fǎn kǒng fǎn kǒng 立法lì fǎ lì fǎ 引入yǐn rù yǐn rù le le 针对zhēn duì zhēn duì cóng cóng 叙利亚xù lì yà xù lì yà 伊拉克yī lā kè yī lā kè 特定tè dìng tè dìng 冲突chōng tū chōng tū 返回fǎn huí fǎn huí 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 人员rén yuán rén yuán de de 指定zhǐ dìng zhǐ dìng 区域qū yù qū yù 罪行zuì xíng zuì xíng
The Coalition did propose and enact counterterrorism legislation in 2014 that introduced the declared areas offence affecting Australians returning from specific conflict zones in Syria and Iraq.
然而rán ér rán ér gāi gāi 声称shēng chēng shēng chēng jiāng jiāng 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 描述miáo shù miáo shù wèi wèi "" " 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 游客yóu kè yóu kè cóng cóng 叙利亚xù lì yà xù lì yà 伊拉克yī lā kè yī lā kè 返回fǎn huí fǎn huí hòu hòu jiāng jiāng bèi bèi 视为shì wèi shì wèi 恐怖分子kǒng bù fèn zi kǒng bù fèn zi 有罪yǒu zuì yǒu zuì 直到zhí dào zhí dào 他们tā men tā men 证明zhèng míng zhèng míng 自己zì jǐ zì jǐ 无辜wú gū wú gū "" " zhè zhè shì shì duì duì 实际shí jì shí jì 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 框架kuāng jià kuāng jià de de 重大zhòng dà zhòng dà 歪曲wāi qū wāi qū
However, the claim's characterization that "Australian tourists returning from Syria and Iraq will be guilty of terrorism until they prove they are innocent" is a significant misrepresentation of the actual legal framework.
最终zuì zhōng zuì zhōng 立法lì fǎ lì fǎ 维持wéi chí wéi chí le le 控方kòng fāng kòng fāng duì duì 核心hé xīn hé xīn 要素yào sù yào sù de de 举证责任jǔ zhèng zé rèn jǔ zhèng zé rèn jǐn jǐn 要求yāo qiú yāo qiú 被告bèi gào bèi gào duì duì 合法hé fǎ hé fǎ 目的mù dì mù dì 抗辩kàng biàn kàng biàn 承担chéng dān chéng dān 举证责任jǔ zhèng zé rèn jǔ zhèng zé rèn 包括bāo kuò bāo kuò duì duì 人道主义rén dào zhǔ yì rén dào zhǔ yì 新闻xīn wén xīn wén 旅行lǚ xíng lǚ xíng de de 具体jù tǐ jù tǐ 豁免huò miǎn huò miǎn bìng bìng 获得huò dé huò dé le le LaborLabor Labor de de 两党liǎng dǎng liǎng dǎng 支持zhī chí zhī chí
The final legislation maintained the prosecution's burden of proof for core elements, required only an evidential burden for legitimate purpose defenses, included specific exemptions for humanitarian and journalistic travel, and received bipartisan Labor support.
gāi gāi 声称shēng chēng shēng chēng jiāng jiāng 媒体méi tǐ méi tǐ duì duì 早期zǎo qī zǎo qī 建议jiàn yì jiàn yì de de 报道bào dào bào dào 实际shí jì shí jì 颁布bān bù bān bù de de 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 混为一谈hùn wéi yī tán hùn wéi yī tán bìng bìng 使用shǐ yòng shǐ yòng 耸人听闻sǒng rén tīng wén sǒng rén tīng wén de de 语言yǔ yán yǔ yán 未能wèi néng wèi néng 反映fǎn yìng fǎn yìng 细致xì zhì xì zhì de de 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 立场lì chǎng lì chǎng
The claim conflates media reporting of early proposals with the actual enacted law and uses sensationalist language that does not reflect the nuanced legal position.

📚 来源与引用 (24)

  1. 20
    Previous declared areas - Australian National Security

    Previous declared areas - Australian National Security

    The Australian Government's first priority is to keep our community safe from people who seek to do us harm.

    Australian National Security Website
  2. 24
    PDF

    Review of the 'declared area' provisions - UNSW Gilbert + Tobin Centre

    Gtcentre Unsw Edu • PDF Document
  3. 3
    theguardian.com

    theguardian.com

    Advocating terrorism is outlawed and overseas conflict zones are in effect no-go zones after security legislation goes through

    the Guardian
  4. 4
    sbs.com.au

    sbs.com.au

    The Abbott government is considering tougher laws that reverse the onus of proof in terrorism cases, warning that returning jihadists are a growing security threat.

    SBS News
  5. 5
    heraldsun.com.au

    heraldsun.com.au

    Heraldsun Com

  6. 6
    legislation.gov.au

    legislation.gov.au

    Federal Register of Legislation

  7. 7
    ag.gov.au

    ag.gov.au

    Ag Gov

  8. 8
    PDF

    3865 Review of Declared Areas Provisions

    Lawcouncil • PDF Document
  9. 9
    nationalsecurity.gov.au

    nationalsecurity.gov.au

    The Australian Government's first priority is to keep our community safe from people who seek to do us harm.

    Australian National Security Website
  10. 10
    aph.gov.au

    aph.gov.au

    Aph Gov

    Original link no longer available
  11. 11
    abc.net.au

    abc.net.au

    Speculation is growing that the Federal Government is considering tough new measures that would reverse the onus of proof for Australians returning from fighting in overseas wars. There are reports in the News Limited media that Prime Minister Tony Abbott may compel anyone returning to Australia from Iraq and Syria to prove they are not terrorists. Mr Abbott says the Government will make announcements about new anti-terror measures within days, saying community safety is the priority.

    ABC listen
  12. 12
    openaustralia.org.au

    openaustralia.org.au

    Making parliament easy.

    Openaustralia Org
  13. 13
    apnews.com

    apnews.com

    CANBERRA, Australia (AP) — Australia's government on Tuesday announced plans to regulate travel to terrorist hotbeds such as Iraq and Syria as part of a raft of counterterrorism measures aimed at addressing the domestic threat posed by war-hardened homegrown Islamic extremists.

    AP News
  14. 14
    lowyinstitute.org

    lowyinstitute.org

    News that the UK has upgraded its terrorism threat level from 'substantial' to 'severe' will undoubtedly help the Abbott Government to prosecute its case for enhanced anti-terror legislation. However, Sam Roggeveen is right to point out that the Government has so far failed to adequately link the scale and nature of the problem with its suggested remedies.

    Lowyinstitute
  15. 15
    loc.gov

    loc.gov

    This collection features research reports and other publications on a wide range of legal topics prepared by the Law Library of Congress in response to requests or recurring interest from Congress and other federal government entities on issues concerning foreign, comparative, and international law (FCIL).

    The Library of Congress
  16. 16
    PDF

    FTFs manaul final version 09.04.2021 ENG

    Unodc • PDF Document
  17. 17
    journal.riksawan.com

    journal.riksawan.com

    Journal Riksawan

  18. 18
    aph.gov.au

    aph.gov.au

    Key points The Counter-Terrorism Legislation Amendment (Declared Areas) Bill 2024 (the Bill) amends the Criminal Code Act 1995 (Criminal Code) and the Intelligence Services Act 2001 to extend the operation of the declared areas provisions of the Criminal Code for a further thr

    Aph Gov
  19. 19
    foreignminister.gov.au

    foreignminister.gov.au

    Foreignminister Gov

  20. 20
    lawcouncil.au

    lawcouncil.au

    The Australian Government's first priority is to keep our community safe from people who seek to do us harm.

    Australian National Security Website
  21. 21
    humanrights.gov.au

    humanrights.gov.au

    Humanrights Gov

  22. 22
    ato.gov.au

    ato.gov.au

    Ato Gov

  23. 23
    aph.gov.au

    aph.gov.au

    Helpful information Text of bill First reading: Text of the bill as introduced into the Parliament Third reading: Prepared if the bill is amended by the house in which it was introduced. This version of the bill is then considered by the second house. As passed by

    Aph Gov
  24. 24
    aph.gov.au

    aph.gov.au

    Gtcentre Unsw Edu

评分方法

1-3: 不实

事实错误或恶意捏造。

4-6: 部分属实

有一定真实性,但缺乏背景或有所偏颇。

7-9: 基本属实

仅有微小的技术性或措辞问题。

10: 准确

完全经过验证且客观公正。

方法论: 评分通过交叉参照政府官方记录、独立事实核查机构和原始文件确定。