部分属实

评分: 6.0/10

Coalition
C0242

声明内容

“授予部长权力使用军队镇压国内抗议和工业行动,包括在基础设施受到威胁时(例如环境抗议威胁燃煤发电机)的格杀勿论权力。”
原始来源: Matthew Davis

原始来源

✅ 事实核查

该gāi gāi 主张zhǔ zhāng zhǔ zhāng 本质běn zhì běn zhì 上shàng shàng ** * ** * 部分bù fèn bù fèn 属实shǔ shí shǔ shí ** * ** * ,, , 但dàn dàn 需要xū yào xū yào 重大zhòng dà zhòng dà 限定xiàn dìng xiàn dìng 。。 。
The claim is essentially **PARTIALLY TRUE** with significant qualification.
CoalitionCoalition Coalition 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 确实què shí què shí 在zài zài 20182018 2018 年nián nián 引入yǐn rù yǐn rù 了le le 扩大kuò dà kuò dà 军事jūn shì jūn shì 征召zhēng zhào zhēng zhào 权quán quán 的de de 立法lì fǎ lì fǎ ,, , 这些zhè xiē zhè xiē 权力quán lì quán lì 技术jì shù jì shù 上shàng shàng 确实què shí què shí 从cóng cóng 恐怖主义kǒng bù zhǔ yì kǒng bù zhǔ yì 扩展kuò zhǎn kuò zhǎn 到dào dào 更gèng gèng 广泛guǎng fàn guǎng fàn 的de de "" " 国内guó nèi guó nèi 暴力bào lì bào lì "" " 场景chǎng jǐng chǎng jǐng 。。 。
The Coalition government did introduce legislation in 2018 that broadened military call-out powers, and these powers did technically extend beyond terrorism to broader "domestic violence" scenarios.
然而rán ér rán ér ,, , 该gāi gāi 主张zhǔ zhāng zhǔ zhāng 的de de 框架kuāng jià kuāng jià 在zài zài 关键guān jiàn guān jiàn 方面fāng miàn fāng miàn 具有jù yǒu jù yǒu 误导性wù dǎo xìng wù dǎo xìng 。。 。
However, the framing in the claim is misleading in critical ways.
###### ### 实际shí jì shí jì 发生fā shēng fā shēng 的de de 情况qíng kuàng qíng kuàng
### What Actually Happened
CoalitionCoalition Coalition 于yú yú 20182018 2018 年nián nián 66 6 月yuè yuè 引入yǐn rù yǐn rù 了le le ** * ** * 《《 《 国防guó fáng guó fáng 修正案xiū zhèng àn xiū zhèng àn (( ( 澳大利亚国防军ào dà lì yà guó fáng jūn ào dà lì yà guó fáng jūn 征召zhēng zhào zhēng zhào )) ) 法案fǎ àn fǎ àn 20182018 2018 》》 》 ** * ** * ,, , 修订xiū dìng xiū dìng 了le le 《《 《 国防法guó fáng fǎ guó fáng fǎ 19031903 1903 》》 》 的de de 第三dì sān dì sān AAAAAA AAA 部分bù fèn bù fèn [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
The Coalition introduced the **Defence Amendment (Call Out of the Australian Defence Force) Bill 2018** in June 2018, which revised Part IIIAAA of the Defence Act 1903 [1].
该gāi gāi 立法lì fǎ lì fǎ 确实què shí què shí 降低jiàng dī jiàng dī 了le le 在zài zài 国内guó nèi guó nèi 部署bù shǔ bù shǔ 澳大利亚国防军ào dà lì yà guó fáng jūn ào dà lì yà guó fáng jūn (( ( ADFADF ADF )) ) 的de de 门槛mén kǎn mén kǎn [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
The legislation did lower the threshold for deploying the Australian Defence Force (ADF) domestically [1]. **Key actual provisions:** 1. **Changed threshold**: Previously, military could only be called upon when state/territory authorities had "exhausted all other options." The new bill allowed call-out when ADF could "enhance" the ability of state police [1]. 2. **Shoot-to-kill provision exists, BUT with strict limitations**: The legislation did provide ADF members with "limited shoot-to-kill powers" [1].
** * ** * 关键guān jiàn guān jiàn 实际shí jì shí jì 条款tiáo kuǎn tiáo kuǎn :: : ** * ** *
However, these were constrained to situations involving "protection of life," "action against aircraft or vessel," and "protection of declared infrastructure" [1].
11 1 .. . ** * ** * 门槛mén kǎn mén kǎn 变更biàn gēng biàn gēng ** * ** * :: : 此前cǐ qián cǐ qián ,, , 只有zhǐ yǒu zhǐ yǒu 当州dāng zhōu dāng zhōu // / 领地lǐng dì lǐng dì 当局dāng jú dāng jú "" " 穷尽qióng jìn qióng jìn 所有suǒ yǒu suǒ yǒu 其他qí tā qí tā 选择xuǎn zé xuǎn zé "" " 时shí shí 才能cái néng cái néng 征召zhēng zhào zhēng zhào 军队jūn duì jūn duì 。。 。
The law explicitly required the use of force to be "reasonable and necessary" [1]. 3. **"Domestic violence" definition was constitutional, not new**: The term "domestic violence" comes from Section 119 of the Australian Constitution, which refers to protection against "invasion and rebellion" [1].
新法案xīn fǎ àn xīn fǎ àn 允许yǔn xǔ yǔn xǔ 在zài zài ADFADF ADF 能够néng gòu néng gòu "" " 增强zēng qiáng zēng qiáng "" " 州zhōu zhōu 警察jǐng chá jǐng chá 能力néng lì néng lì 时shí shí 进行jìn xíng jìn xíng 征召zhēng zhào zhēng zhào [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
This was not a Coalition invention—it's constitutional language about maintaining domestic order [1]. 4. **Environmental protests as application**: Civil Liberties Australia CEO Bill Rowlings did express concern that troops could be called to protect "declared infrastructure" like coal-fired power stations during environmental protests [1].
22 2 .. . ** * ** * 格杀勿论gé shā wù lùn gé shā wù lùn 条款tiáo kuǎn tiáo kuǎn 存在cún zài cún zài ,, , 但dàn dàn 有yǒu yǒu 严格yán gé yán gé 限制xiàn zhì xiàn zhì ** * ** * :: : 该gāi gāi 立法lì fǎ lì fǎ 确实què shí què shí 赋予fù yǔ fù yǔ ADFADF ADF 成员chéng yuán chéng yuán "" " 有限yǒu xiàn yǒu xiàn 格杀勿论gé shā wù lùn gé shā wù lùn 权力quán lì quán lì "" " [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
However, this was a hypothetical concern about the bill's potential use, not a stated government intention [1].
然而rán ér rán ér ,, , 这些zhè xiē zhè xiē 权力quán lì quán lì 仅限于jǐn xiàn yú jǐn xiàn yú 涉及shè jí shè jí "" " 保护bǎo hù bǎo hù 生命shēng mìng shēng mìng "" " 、、 、 "" " 针对zhēn duì zhēn duì 飞机fēi jī fēi jī 或huò huò 船只chuán zhī chuán zhī 的de de 行动xíng dòng xíng dòng "" " 以及yǐ jí yǐ jí "" " 保护bǎo hù bǎo hù 被bèi bèi 宣布xuān bù xuān bù 的de de 基础设施jī chǔ shè shī jī chǔ shè shī "" " 的de de 情况qíng kuàng qíng kuàng [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
### What the Claim Overstates
法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 明确要求míng què yāo qiú míng què yāo qiú 使用shǐ yòng shǐ yòng 武力wǔ lì wǔ lì 必须bì xū bì xū "" " 合理hé lǐ hé lǐ 且qiě qiě 必要bì yào bì yào "" " [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
1. **"Granted ministers to power"**: This suggests unilateral ministerial authority.
33 3 .. . ** * ** * "" " 国内guó nèi guó nèi 暴力bào lì bào lì "" " 定义dìng yì dìng yì 是shì shì 宪法xiàn fǎ xiàn fǎ 性xìng xìng 的de de ,, , 并非bìng fēi bìng fēi 新创xīn chuàng xīn chuàng ** * ** * :: : "" " 国内guó nèi guó nèi 暴力bào lì bào lì "" " 一词yī cí yī cí 来自lái zì lái zì 《《 《 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 宪法xiàn fǎ xiàn fǎ 》》 》 第dì dì 119119 119 条tiáo tiáo ,, , 该条gāi tiáo gāi tiáo 涉及shè jí shè jí 抵御dǐ yù dǐ yù "" " 入侵rù qīn rù qīn 和hé hé 叛乱pàn luàn pàn luàn "" " 的de de 保护bǎo hù bǎo hù [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
In reality, three ministers could act individually (Prime Minister, Attorney-General, Defence Minister) or the Governor-General could approve call-outs [1].
这zhè zhè 不是bú shì bú shì CoalitionCoalition Coalition 的de de 发明fā míng fā míng —— — —— — 这是zhè shì zhè shì 关于guān yú guān yú 维持wéi chí wéi chí 国内guó nèi guó nèi 秩序zhì xù zhì xù 的de de 宪法xiàn fǎ xiàn fǎ 语言yǔ yán yǔ yán [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
This is parliamentary oversight, not unfettered ministerial power. 2. **"Quell domestic protests and industrial action"**: The legislation was explicitly framed around terrorism and serious domestic violence, not general protest suppression [2].
44 4 .. . ** * ** * 环境huán jìng huán jìng 抗议kàng yì kàng yì 作为zuò wéi zuò wéi 应用yìng yòng yìng yòng 场景chǎng jǐng chǎng jǐng ** * ** * :: : 公民自由gōng mín zì yóu gōng mín zì yóu 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 首席shǒu xí shǒu xí 执行官zhí xíng guān zhí xíng guān BillBill Bill RowlingsRowlings Rowlings 确实què shí què shí 表达biǎo dá biǎo dá 过guò guò 担忧dān yōu dān yōu ,, , 认为rèn wéi rèn wéi 军队jūn duì jūn duì 可能kě néng kě néng 被bèi bèi 征召zhēng zhào zhēng zhào 保护bǎo hù bǎo hù "" " 被bèi bèi 宣布xuān bù xuān bù 的de de 基础设施jī chǔ shè shī jī chǔ shè shī "" " ,, , 如rú rú 燃煤rán méi rán méi 发电站fā diàn zhàn fā diàn zhàn ,, , 以yǐ yǐ 应对yìng duì yìng duì 环境huán jìng huán jìng 抗议kàng yì kàng yì [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
Attorney-General Christian Porter stated that calling out troops for an "actual riot" would be "almost inconceivable" and "pretty fanciful" [2]. 3. **The specific environmental protest + coal generator scenario**: This was a hypothetical concern raised by civil liberties advocates, not a stated government policy intention [1].
然而rán ér rán ér ,, , 这是zhè shì zhè shì 关于guān yú guān yú 该gāi gāi 法案fǎ àn fǎ àn 潜在qián zài qián zài 用途yòng tú yòng tú 的de de 假设性jiǎ shè xìng jiǎ shè xìng 担忧dān yōu dān yōu ,, , 而ér ér 非政府fēi zhèng fǔ fēi zhèng fǔ 声明shēng míng shēng míng 的de de 意图yì tú yì tú [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
###### ### 该gāi gāi 主张zhǔ zhāng zhǔ zhāng 夸大kuā dà kuā dà 的de de 内容nèi róng nèi róng
11 1 .. . ** * ** * "" " 授予shòu yǔ shòu yǔ 部长bù zhǎng bù zhǎng 权力quán lì quán lì "" " ** * ** * :: : 这zhè zhè 暗示àn shì àn shì 单边dān biān dān biān 部长bù zhǎng bù zhǎng 权力quán lì quán lì 。。 。
实际上shí jì shàng shí jì shàng ,, , 三位sān wèi sān wèi 部长bù zhǎng bù zhǎng 可以kě yǐ kě yǐ 单独dān dú dān dú 行动xíng dòng xíng dòng (( ( 总理zǒng lǐ zǒng lǐ 、、 、 总zǒng zǒng 检察长jiǎn chá zhǎng jiǎn chá zhǎng 、、 、 国防部长guó fáng bù zhǎng guó fáng bù zhǎng )) ) ,, , 或者huò zhě huò zhě 总督zǒng dū zǒng dū 可以kě yǐ kě yǐ 批准pī zhǔn pī zhǔn 征召zhēng zhào zhēng zhào [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
这是zhè shì zhè shì 议会yì huì yì huì 监督jiān dū jiān dū ,, , 而ér ér 非fēi fēi 不bù bù 受约束shòu yuē shù shòu yuē shù 的de de 部长bù zhǎng bù zhǎng 权力quán lì quán lì 。。 。
22 2 .. . ** * ** * "" " 镇压zhèn yā zhèn yā 国内guó nèi guó nèi 抗议kàng yì kàng yì 和hé hé 工业gōng yè gōng yè 行动xíng dòng xíng dòng "" " ** * ** * :: : 该gāi gāi 立法lì fǎ lì fǎ 明确míng què míng què 围绕wéi rào wéi rào 恐怖主义kǒng bù zhǔ yì kǒng bù zhǔ yì 和hé hé 严重yán zhòng yán zhòng 国内guó nèi guó nèi 暴力bào lì bào lì 制定zhì dìng zhì dìng ,, , 而ér ér 非fēi fēi 一般性yì bān xìng yì bān xìng 抗议kàng yì kàng yì 镇压zhèn yā zhèn yā [[ [ 22 2 ]] ] 。。 。
总zǒng zǒng 检察长jiǎn chá zhǎng jiǎn chá zhǎng ChristianChristian Christian PorterPorter Porter 表示biǎo shì biǎo shì ,, , 征召zhēng zhào zhēng zhào 军队jūn duì jūn duì 应对yìng duì yìng duì "" " 实际shí jì shí jì 骚乱sāo luàn sāo luàn "" " 将jiāng jiāng 是shì shì "" " 几乎jī hū jī hū 不可bù kě bù kě 想象xiǎng xiàng xiǎng xiàng 的de de "" " 和hé hé "" " 相当xiāng dāng xiāng dāng 异想天开yì xiǎng tiān kāi yì xiǎng tiān kāi 的de de "" " [[ [ 22 2 ]] ] 。。 。
33 3 .. . ** * ** * 特定tè dìng tè dìng 的de de 环境huán jìng huán jìng 抗议kàng yì kàng yì ++ + 燃煤rán méi rán méi 发电机fā diàn jī fā diàn jī 场景chǎng jǐng chǎng jǐng ** * ** * :: : 这是zhè shì zhè shì 公民自由gōng mín zì yóu gōng mín zì yóu 倡导者chàng dǎo zhě chàng dǎo zhě 提出tí chū tí chū 的de de 假设性jiǎ shè xìng jiǎ shè xìng 担忧dān yōu dān yōu ,, , 而ér ér 非政府fēi zhèng fǔ fēi zhèng fǔ 声明shēng míng shēng míng 的de de 政策zhèng cè zhèng cè 意图yì tú yì tú [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。

缺失背景

###### ### 11 1 .. . ** * ** * 悉尼奥运会xī ní ào yùn huì xī ní ào yùn huì 先例xiān lì xiān lì ** * ** *
### 1. **The Sydney Olympics Precedent**
最初zuì chū zuì chū 的de de 征召zhēng zhào zhēng zhào 权由quán yóu quán yóu ** * ** * 工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 在zài zài 19991999 1999 -- - 20002000 2000 年nián nián ** * ** * 悉尼奥运会xī ní ào yùn huì xī ní ào yùn huì 之前zhī qián zhī qián 引入yǐn rù yǐn rù [[ [ 33 3 ]] ] 。。 。
The original call-out powers were first introduced by the **Labor government in 1999-2000** ahead of the Sydney Olympics [3].
公民自由gōng mín zì yóu gōng mín zì yóu 团体tuán tǐ tuán tǐ 当时dāng shí dāng shí 表示biǎo shì biǎo shì 这是zhè shì zhè shì "" " 不必要bù bì yào bù bì yào 的de de 越权yuè quán yuè quán ,, , 将jiāng jiāng 从根本上cóng gēn běn shàng cóng gēn běn shàng 改变gǎi biàn gǎi biàn 军队jūn duì jūn duì 的de de 作用zuò yòng zuò yòng "" " ,, , 但dàn dàn ** * ** * 工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng 全力支持quán lì zhī chí quán lì zhī chí 最初zuì chū zuì chū 的de de 权力quán lì quán lì ,, , 意味着yì wèi zhe yì wèi zhe 没有méi yǒu méi yǒu 有效yǒu xiào yǒu xiào 的de de 反对fǎn duì fǎn duì ** * ** * [[ [ 33 3 ]] ] 。。 。
Civil liberties groups said at the time it was "an unnecessary over-reach that would fundamentally change the role of the military," but **Labor supported the original power all-in, meaning there was no effective opposition** [3].
20182018 2018 年nián nián 的de de 修正案xiū zhèng àn xiū zhèng àn 是shì shì 对duì duì 工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng 已经yǐ jīng yǐ jīng 建立jiàn lì jiàn lì 的de de 框架kuāng jià kuāng jià 的de de 修改xiū gǎi xiū gǎi 。。 。
The 2018 amendments were modifications to a framework Labor had already established.
###### ### 22 2 .. . ** * ** * 林特lín tè lín tè 咖啡馆kā fēi guǎn kā fēi guǎn 人质危机rén zhì wēi jī rén zhì wēi jī 背景bèi jǐng bèi jǐng ** * ** *
### 2. **The Lindt Café Siege Context**
20182018 2018 年nián nián 的de de 修正案xiū zhèng àn xiū zhèng àn 直接zhí jiē zhí jiē 由yóu yóu 20142014 2014 年nián nián 1212 12 月yuè yuè 悉尼xī ní xī ní 林特lín tè lín tè 咖啡馆kā fēi guǎn kā fēi guǎn 人质危机rén zhì wēi jī rén zhì wēi jī 引发yǐn fā yǐn fā ,, , 当时dāng shí dāng shí 枪手qiāng shǒu qiāng shǒu ManMan Man HaronHaron Haron MonisMonis Monis 劫持jié chí jié chí 了le le 1818 18 名míng míng 人质rén zhì rén zhì ,, , 导致dǎo zhì dǎo zhì 22 2 人rén rén 死亡sǐ wáng sǐ wáng [[ [ 22 2 ]] ] 。。 。
The 2018 amendments were directly prompted by the December 2014 Lindt Café siege in Sydney, where gunman Man Haron Monis held 18 people hostage, resulting in 2 deaths [2].
警方jǐng fāng jǐng fāng 因yīn yīn 处理chǔ lǐ chǔ lǐ 人质危机rén zhì wēi jī rén zhì wēi jī 的de de 方式fāng shì fāng shì 以及yǐ jí yǐ jí 明显míng xiǎn míng xiǎn 不愿bù yuàn bù yuàn 召入zhào rù zhào rù 特种部队tè zhǒng bù duì tè zhǒng bù duì 而ér ér 受到shòu dào shòu dào 批评pī píng pī píng [[ [ 22 2 ]] ] 。。 。
Police were criticized for handling of the siege and an apparent reluctance to call in special forces [2].
政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 认为rèn wéi rèn wéi 更gèng gèng 早zǎo zǎo 的de de 征召zhēng zhào zhēng zhào 权quán quán 可能kě néng kě néng 阻止zǔ zhǐ zǔ zhǐ 了le le 这场zhè chǎng zhè chǎng 悲剧bēi jù bēi jù [[ [ 22 2 ]] ] 。。 。
The government believed earlier call-out powers could have prevented this tragedy [2].
关键guān jiàn guān jiàn :: : ** * ** * 根据gēn jù gēn jù 现行xiàn xíng xiàn xíng 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ ,, , 新南威尔士州xīn nán wēi ěr shì zhōu xīn nán wēi ěr shì zhōu 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 本běn běn 可以kě yǐ kě yǐ 已经yǐ jīng yǐ jīng 请求qǐng qiú qǐng qiú ADFADF ADF 援助yuán zhù yuán zhù ** * ** * [[ [ 33 3 ]] ] 。。 。
Critically: **The NSW Government could have already requested ADF assistance under the existing law** [3].
问题wèn tí wèn tí 在于zài yú zài yú 是否shì fǒu shì fǒu 需要xū yào xū yào 更gèng gèng 简便jiǎn biàn jiǎn biàn // / 更gèng gèng 快速kuài sù kuài sù 的de de 机制jī zhì jī zhì 来lái lái 应对yìng duì yìng duì 类似lèi sì lèi sì 的de de 未来wèi lái wèi lái 事件shì jiàn shì jiàn 。。 。
The question was whether easier/faster mechanisms were needed for similar future incidents.
###### ### 33 3 .. . ** * ** * 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 监督jiān dū jiān dū 依然yī rán yī rán 存在cún zài cún zài ** * ** *
### 3. **Legal Oversight Remained**
尽管jǐn guǎn jǐn guǎn 语言yǔ yán yǔ yán 宽泛kuān fàn kuān fàn ,, , 该gāi gāi 立法lì fǎ lì fǎ 仍réng réng 保持bǎo chí bǎo chí 了le le 实质性shí zhì xìng shí zhì xìng 限制xiàn zhì xiàn zhì [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] :: :
Despite broad language, the legislation maintained substantial constraints [1]: - ADF personnel remained under military command, not civilian police command [1] - State police remained in control of operations (ADF could only carry out tasks "as far as reasonably practical") [1] - The Governor-General could reject call-out orders [1] - Parliamentary scrutiny remained available [1]
-- - ADFADF ADF 人员rén yuán rén yuán 仍受réng shòu réng shòu 军事jūn shì jūn shì 指挥zhǐ huī zhǐ huī ,, , 而ér ér 非fēi fēi 民用mín yòng mín yòng 警察jǐng chá jǐng chá 指挥zhǐ huī zhǐ huī [[ [ 11 1 ]] ]
### 4. **"Shoot-to-kill" Terminology is Misleading**
-- - 州zhōu zhōu 警察jǐng chá jǐng chá 仍réng réng 控制kòng zhì kòng zhì 行动xíng dòng xíng dòng (( ( ADFADF ADF 只能zhǐ néng zhǐ néng 执行zhí xíng zhí xíng "" " 在zài zài 合理hé lǐ hé lǐ 可行kě xíng kě xíng 范围fàn wéi fàn wéi 内nèi nèi "" " 的de de 任务rèn wù rèn wù )) ) [[ [ 11 1 ]] ]
The legislation used the term "limited shoot-to-kill powers," but this is standard military terminology for use of lethal force in self-defense or protection of life, not summary execution powers [1].
-- - 总督zǒng dū zǒng dū 可以kě yǐ kě yǐ 拒绝jù jué jù jué 征召zhēng zhào zhēng zhào 命令mìng lìng mìng lìng [[ [ 11 1 ]] ]
Police and military have equivalent lethal force authorization under Australian law for specific circumstances [1].
-- - 议会yì huì yì huì 监督jiān dū jiān dū 仍然réng rán réng rán 可用kě yòng kě yòng [[ [ 11 1 ]] ]
### 5. **Scope of "Domestic Violence" under Constitution**
###### ### 44 4 .. . ** * ** * "" " 格杀勿论gé shā wù lùn gé shā wù lùn "" " 术语shù yǔ shù yǔ 具有jù yǒu jù yǒu 误导性wù dǎo xìng wù dǎo xìng ** * ** *
The expansion to "domestic violence" was not novel—this is constitutional language [1].
该gāi gāi 立法lì fǎ lì fǎ 使用shǐ yòng shǐ yòng "" " 有限yǒu xiàn yǒu xiàn 格杀勿论gé shā wù lùn gé shā wù lùn 权力quán lì quán lì "" " 一词yī cí yī cí ,, , 但dàn dàn 这zhè zhè 是shì shì 标准biāo zhǔn biāo zhǔn 军事jūn shì jūn shì 术语shù yǔ shù yǔ ,, , 指在zhǐ zài zhǐ zài 自卫zì wèi zì wèi 或huò huò 保护bǎo hù bǎo hù 生命shēng mìng shēng mìng 情况qíng kuàng qíng kuàng 下xià xià 使用shǐ yòng shǐ yòng 致命zhì mìng zhì mìng 武力wǔ lì wǔ lì ,, , 而ér ér 非fēi fēi 即决jí jué jí jué 处决chǔ jué chǔ jué 权力quán lì quán lì [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
Section 119 of the Constitution limits Commonwealth power to protection against "invasion and rebellion" (domestic violence in constitutional terms) [3].
在zài zài 特定tè dìng tè dìng 情况qíng kuàng qíng kuàng 下xià xià ,, , 警察jǐng chá jǐng chá 和hé hé 军队jūn duì jūn duì 在zài zài 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 下xià xià 拥有yōng yǒu yōng yǒu 同等tóng děng tóng děng 的de de 致命zhì mìng zhì mìng 武力wǔ lì wǔ lì 授权shòu quán shòu quán [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
The key question was threshold: how readily could this power be invoked?
###### ### 55 5 .. . ** * ** * 宪法xiàn fǎ xiàn fǎ 下xià xià "" " 国内guó nèi guó nèi 暴力bào lì bào lì "" " 的de de 范围fàn wéi fàn wéi ** * ** *
扩展kuò zhǎn kuò zhǎn 到dào dào "" " 国内guó nèi guó nèi 暴力bào lì bào lì "" " 并非bìng fēi bìng fēi 新创xīn chuàng xīn chuàng —— — —— — 这是zhè shì zhè shì 宪法xiàn fǎ xiàn fǎ 语言yǔ yán yǔ yán [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
宪法xiàn fǎ xiàn fǎ 第dì dì 119119 119 条tiáo tiáo 将jiāng jiāng 联邦lián bāng lián bāng 权力quán lì quán lì 限制xiàn zhì xiàn zhì 在zài zài 抵御dǐ yù dǐ yù "" " 入侵rù qīn rù qīn 和hé hé 叛乱pàn luàn pàn luàn "" " (( ( 宪法xiàn fǎ xiàn fǎ 术语shù yǔ shù yǔ 中zhōng zhōng 的de de 国内guó nèi guó nèi 暴力bào lì bào lì )) ) [[ [ 33 3 ]] ] 。。 。
关键问题guān jiàn wèn tí guān jiàn wèn tí 是shì shì 门槛mén kǎn mén kǎn :: : 可以kě yǐ kě yǐ 多duō duō 容易róng yì róng yì 援引yuán yǐn yuán yǐn 这一zhè yī zhè yī 权力quán lì quán lì ?? ?

来源可信度评估

** * ** * 原始yuán shǐ yuán shǐ 来源lái yuán lái yuán 包括bāo kuò bāo kuò :: : ** * ** *
**Original sources include:** 1. **Sydney Criminal Lawyers® blog** [1]: This is a law firm blog run by journalist Paul Gregoire.
11 1 .. . ** * ** * 悉尼xī ní xī ní 刑事xíng shì xíng shì 律师lǜ shī lǜ shī ®® ® 博客bó kè bó kè ** * ** * [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] :: : 这zhè zhè 是shì shì 由yóu yóu 记者jì zhě jì zhě PaulPaul Paul GregoireGregoire Gregoire 经营jīng yíng jīng yíng 的de de 律师lǜ shī lǜ shī 事务所shì wù suǒ shì wù suǒ 博客bó kè bó kè 。。 。
While Gregoire won the 2021 NSW Council for Civil Liberties Award, the blog has a strong civil liberties/libertarian perspective that emphasizes worst-case interpretations of security legislation [1].
虽然suī rán suī rán GregoireGregoire Gregoire 赢得yíng dé yíng dé 了le le 20212021 2021 年nián nián 新南威尔士州xīn nán wēi ěr shì zhōu xīn nán wēi ěr shì zhōu 公民自由gōng mín zì yóu gōng mín zì yóu 委员会wěi yuán huì wěi yuán huì 奖jiǎng jiǎng ,, , 但dàn dàn 该gāi gāi 博客bó kè bó kè 具有jù yǒu jù yǒu 强烈qiáng liè qiáng liè 的de de 公民自由gōng mín zì yóu gōng mín zì yóu // / 自由主义zì yóu zhǔ yì zì yóu zhǔ yì 视角shì jiǎo shì jiǎo ,, , 强调qiáng diào qiáng diào 安全ān quán ān quán 立法lì fǎ lì fǎ 的de de 最坏zuì huài zuì huài 情况qíng kuàng qíng kuàng 解释jiě shì jiě shì [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
The analysis is legally competent but frames issues from a strong civil liberties viewpoint. 2. **The New Daily** [2]: This is a left-leaning/Labor-aligned news outlet.
法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 分析fēn xī fēn xī 是shì shì 称职chèn zhí chèn zhí 的de de ,, , 但dàn dàn 框架kuāng jià kuāng jià 问题wèn tí wèn tí 是从shì cóng shì cóng 强烈qiáng liè qiáng liè 的de de 公民自由gōng mín zì yóu gōng mín zì yóu 角度jiǎo dù jiǎo dù 出发chū fā chū fā 的de de 。。 。
The article references Attorney-General Porter's statements and Defense Minister Payne's comments but emphasizes concerning aspects of the legislation [2]. 3. **ABC News opinion piece by Michael Bradley** [3]: This is clearly labeled opinion by a managing partner at law firm Marque Lawyers.
22 2 .. . ** * ** * TheThe The NewNew New DailyDaily Daily ** * ** * [[ [ 22 2 ]] ] :: : 这是zhè shì zhè shì 一个yí gè yí gè 左翼zuǒ yì zuǒ yì // / 倾向qīng xiàng qīng xiàng 工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng 的de de 新闻媒体xīn wén méi tǐ xīn wén méi tǐ 。。 。
Bradley raises legitimate constitutional concerns about military-domestic policing separation, but this is opinion analysis, not straight reporting [3]. **Assessment**: All three sources have demonstrated left-of-center political leanings and focus heavily on worst-case scenarios and civil liberties concerns.
文章wén zhāng wén zhāng 引用yǐn yòng yǐn yòng 总zǒng zǒng 检察长jiǎn chá zhǎng jiǎn chá zhǎng PorterPorter Porter 的de de 声明shēng míng shēng míng 和hé hé 国防部长guó fáng bù zhǎng guó fáng bù zhǎng PaynePayne Payne 的de de 评论píng lùn píng lùn ,, , 但dàn dàn 强调qiáng diào qiáng diào 该gāi gāi 立法lì fǎ lì fǎ 令人担忧lìng rén dān yōu lìng rén dān yōu 的de de 方面fāng miàn fāng miàn [[ [ 22 2 ]] ] 。。 。
The legal analysis is generally sound, but the sources do not discuss government justifications comprehensively or provide balanced risk assessment.
33 3 .. . ** * ** * ABCABC ABC 新闻xīn wén xīn wén MichaelMichael Michael BradleyBradley Bradley 评论píng lùn píng lùn 文章wén zhāng wén zhāng ** * ** * [[ [ 33 3 ]] ] :: : 这zhè zhè 由yóu yóu MarqueMarque Marque 律师lǜ shī lǜ shī 事务所shì wù suǒ shì wù suǒ 的de de 管理guǎn lǐ guǎn lǐ 合伙人hé huǒ rén hé huǒ rén 明确míng què míng què 标注biāo zhù biāo zhù 为wèi wèi 评论píng lùn píng lùn 。。 。
BradleyBradley Bradley 提出tí chū tí chū 了le le 关于guān yú guān yú 军事jūn shì jūn shì 与yǔ yǔ 国内guó nèi guó nèi 治安zhì ān zhì ān 分离fēn lí fēn lí 的de de 合理hé lǐ hé lǐ 宪法xiàn fǎ xiàn fǎ 担忧dān yōu dān yōu ,, , 但dàn dàn 这zhè zhè 是shì shì 评论píng lùn píng lùn 分析fēn xī fēn xī ,, , 而ér ér 非fēi fēi 直接zhí jiē zhí jiē 报道bào dào bào dào [[ [ 33 3 ]] ] 。。 。
** * ** * 评估píng gū píng gū ** * ** * :: : 这zhè zhè 三个sān gè sān gè 来源lái yuán lái yuán 都dōu dōu 表现biǎo xiàn biǎo xiàn 出中chū zhōng chū zhōng 左翼zuǒ yì zuǒ yì 政治zhèng zhì zhèng zhì 倾向qīng xiàng qīng xiàng ,, , 并bìng bìng 高度gāo dù gāo dù 关注guān zhù guān zhù 最坏zuì huài zuì huài 情况qíng kuàng qíng kuàng 和hé hé 公民自由gōng mín zì yóu gōng mín zì yóu 担忧dān yōu dān yōu 。。 。
法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 分析fēn xī fēn xī 大体上dà tǐ shàng dà tǐ shàng 是shì shì 可靠kě kào kě kào 的de de ,, , 但dàn dàn 这些zhè xiē zhè xiē 来源lái yuán lái yuán 没有méi yǒu méi yǒu 全面quán miàn quán miàn 讨论tǎo lùn tǎo lùn 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 理由lǐ yóu lǐ yóu 或huò huò 提供tí gōng tí gōng 平衡píng héng píng héng 的de de 风险fēng xiǎn fēng xiǎn 评估píng gū píng gū 。。 。
⚖️

工党对比

** * ** * 工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng 是否shì fǒu shì fǒu 支持zhī chí zhī chí 类似lèi sì lèi sì 权力quán lì quán lì ?? ?
**Did Labor support similar powers?** Yes, crucially: **Labor introduced the original military call-out powers in 1999-2000** for the Sydney Olympics [3].
** * ** *
Lawyer Michael Bradley explicitly notes: "The existing call-out law in the Defence Act was created in a rush ahead of the Sydney Olympics, and it was controversial then.
是shì shì 的de de ,, , 关键guān jiàn guān jiàn :: : ** * ** * 工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng 在zài zài 19991999 1999 -- - 20002000 2000 年nián nián 引入yǐn rù yǐn rù 了le le 最初zuì chū zuì chū 的de de 军事jūn shì jūn shì 征召zhēng zhào zhēng zhào 权quán quán ** * ** * ,, , 用于yòng yú yòng yú 悉尼奥运会xī ní ào yùn huì xī ní ào yùn huì [[ [ 33 3 ]] ] 。。 。
Lawyers and civil liberties groups said at the time it was an unnecessary over-reach that would fundamentally change the role of the military. **However, Labor supported it all-in, meaning there was no effective opposition**" [3].
律师lǜ shī lǜ shī MichaelMichael Michael BradleyBradley Bradley 明确指出míng què zhǐ chū míng què zhǐ chū :: : "" " 《《 《 国防法guó fáng fǎ guó fáng fǎ 》》 》 中zhōng zhōng 现有xiàn yǒu xiàn yǒu 的de de 征召zhēng zhào zhēng zhào 法是fǎ shì fǎ shì 悉尼奥运会xī ní ào yùn huì xī ní ào yùn huì 前qián qián 匆忙cōng máng cōng máng 制定zhì dìng zhì dìng 的de de ,, , 当时dāng shí dāng shí 就jiù jiù 有yǒu yǒu 争议zhēng yì zhēng yì 。。 。
This is critical: The Coalition did not invent the concept of military call-out powers for domestic use—Labor did.
律师lǜ shī lǜ shī 和hé hé 公民自由gōng mín zì yóu gōng mín zì yóu 团体tuán tǐ tuán tǐ 当时dāng shí dāng shí 表示biǎo shì biǎo shì 这是zhè shì zhè shì 不必要bù bì yào bù bì yào 的de de 越权yuè quán yuè quán ,, , 将jiāng jiāng 从根本上cóng gēn běn shàng cóng gēn běn shàng 改变gǎi biàn gǎi biàn 军队jūn duì jūn duì 的de de 作用zuò yòng zuò yòng 。。 。
The Coalition modified and expanded powers that Labor had already established and that were already controversial. **Other Labor precedents:** - Labor's Howard-era support for military involvement in asylum seeker operations was cited as an earlier blur of military-domestic boundaries [3] - No evidence that Labor subsequently tried to repeal the original call-out powers when in opposition (2013-2022 under Coalition government)
** * ** * 然而rán ér rán ér ,, , 工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng 全力支持quán lì zhī chí quán lì zhī chí ,, , 意味着yì wèi zhe yì wèi zhe 没有méi yǒu méi yǒu 有效yǒu xiào yǒu xiào 的de de 反对fǎn duì fǎn duì ** * ** * "" " [[ [ 33 3 ]] ] 。。 。
这zhè zhè 至关重要zhì guān zhòng yào zhì guān zhòng yào :: : CoalitionCoalition Coalition 并bìng bìng 没有méi yǒu méi yǒu 发明fā míng fā míng 用于yòng yú yòng yú 国内guó nèi guó nèi 用途yòng tú yòng tú 的de de 军事jūn shì jūn shì 征召zhēng zhào zhēng zhào 权quán quán 概念gài niàn gài niàn —— — —— — 工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng 发明fā míng fā míng 了le le 。。 。
CoalitionCoalition Coalition 修改xiū gǎi xiū gǎi 和hé hé 扩展kuò zhǎn kuò zhǎn 了le le 工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng 已经yǐ jīng yǐ jīng 建立jiàn lì jiàn lì 且qiě qiě 已经yǐ jīng yǐ jīng 有yǒu yǒu 争议zhēng yì zhēng yì 的de de 权力quán lì quán lì 。。 。
** * ** * 其他qí tā qí tā 工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng 先例xiān lì xiān lì :: : ** * ** *
-- - 工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng 在zài zài 霍华德huò huá dé huò huá dé 时代shí dài shí dài 支持zhī chí zhī chí 军事jūn shì jūn shì 参与cān yù cān yù 寻求xún qiú xún qiú 庇护bì hù bì hù 者zhě zhě 行动xíng dòng xíng dòng 被bèi bèi 引用yǐn yòng yǐn yòng 为wèi wèi 军事jūn shì jūn shì -- - 国内guó nèi guó nèi 边界biān jiè biān jiè 更gèng gèng 早zǎo zǎo 的de de 模糊mó hú mó hú [[ [ 33 3 ]] ]
-- - 没有méi yǒu méi yǒu 证据zhèng jù zhèng jù 表明biǎo míng biǎo míng 工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng 在zài zài 反对派fǎn duì pài fǎn duì pài 期间qī jiān qī jiān (( ( 20132013 2013 -- - 20222022 2022 年nián nián 在zài zài CoalitionCoalition Coalition 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 下xià xià )) ) 试图shì tú shì tú 废除fèi chú fèi chú 最初zuì chū zuì chū 的de de 征召zhēng zhào zhēng zhào 权quán quán
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平衡视角

###### ### 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 的de de 论点lùn diǎn lùn diǎn (( ( 来源lái yuán lái yuán 中zhōng zhōng 很少hěn shǎo hěn shǎo 提及tí jí tí jí )) )
### The Government's Case (Rarely Mentioned in Sources)
CoalitionCoalition Coalition 认为rèn wéi rèn wéi :: :
The Coalition argued that: 1. **Speed matters in terrorism response**: Modern terrorist attacks (knife attacks, vehicle ramming, lone actors) can be over in minutes, requiring immediate response [3].
11 1 .. . ** * ** * 应对yìng duì yìng duì 恐怖主义kǒng bù zhǔ yì kǒng bù zhǔ yì 速度sù dù sù dù 至关重要zhì guān zhòng yào zhì guān zhòng yào ** * ** * :: : 现代xiàn dài xiàn dài 恐怖袭击kǒng bù xí jī kǒng bù xí jī (( ( 持刀chí dāo chí dāo 袭击xí jī xí jī 、、 、 车辆chē liàng chē liàng 冲撞chōng zhuàng chōng zhuàng 、、 、 独狼dú láng dú láng 行动xíng dòng xíng dòng )) ) 可能kě néng kě néng 在zài zài 几分钟jǐ fēn zhōng jǐ fēn zhōng 内nèi nèi 结束jié shù jié shù ,, , 需要xū yào xū yào 立即lì jí lì jí 响应xiǎng yìng xiǎng yìng [[ [ 33 3 ]] ] 。。 。
The Lindt Café siege lasted 16 hours; modern attacks may not allow time for states to formally request military aid and navigate bureaucratic processes [2]. 2. **Constitutional foundation exists**: Section 119 already provides Commonwealth power to respond to "domestic violence" (constitutional terminology for internal disorder) [3].
林特lín tè lín tè 咖啡馆kā fēi guǎn kā fēi guǎn 人质危机rén zhì wēi jī rén zhì wēi jī 持续chí xù chí xù 了le le 1616 16 小时xiǎo shí xiǎo shí ;; ; 现代xiàn dài xiàn dài 袭击xí jī xí jī 可能kě néng kě néng 不bù bù 允许yǔn xǔ yǔn xǔ 各州gè zhōu gè zhōu 有yǒu yǒu 时间shí jiān shí jiān 正式zhèng shì zhèng shì 请求qǐng qiú qǐng qiú 军事援助jūn shì yuán zhù jūn shì yuán zhù 并bìng bìng 穿越chuān yuè chuān yuè 官僚guān liáo guān liáo 程序chéng xù chéng xù [[ [ 22 2 ]] ] 。。 。
The amendment clarified when this power could be exercised, not whether it could exist [3]. 3. **Actual use remains constrained**: Even with the amendments, Attorney-General Porter said calling out troops for an "actual riot" would be "almost inconceivable" [2].
22 2 .. . ** * ** * 宪法xiàn fǎ xiàn fǎ 基础jī chǔ jī chǔ 存在cún zài cún zài ** * ** * :: : 第dì dì 119119 119 条tiáo tiáo 已经yǐ jīng yǐ jīng 提供tí gōng tí gōng 了le le 联邦lián bāng lián bāng 应对yìng duì yìng duì "" " 国内guó nèi guó nèi 暴力bào lì bào lì "" " (( ( 内部nèi bù nèi bù 混乱hùn luàn hùn luàn 的de de 宪法xiàn fǎ xiàn fǎ 术语shù yǔ shù yǔ )) ) 的de de 权力quán lì quán lì [[ [ 33 3 ]] ] 。。 。
The powers are for terrorism and extreme emergencies, not routine protest suppression [2]. 4. **State authorities remain in control**: Despite federal call-out authority, state police retain operational control and soldiers cannot exceed tasks requested by state authorities [1].
修正案xiū zhèng àn xiū zhèng àn 澄清chéng qīng chéng qīng 了le le 何时hé shí hé shí 可以kě yǐ kě yǐ 行使xíng shǐ xíng shǐ 这一zhè yī zhè yī 权力quán lì quán lì ,, , 而ér ér 非fēi fēi 是否shì fǒu shì fǒu 可以kě yǐ kě yǐ 存在cún zài cún zài [[ [ 33 3 ]] ] 。。 。
### The Civil Liberties Concerns (Valid)
33 3 .. . ** * ** * 实际shí jì shí jì 使用shǐ yòng shǐ yòng 仍réng réng 受限制shòu xiàn zhì shòu xiàn zhì ** * ** * :: : 即使jí shǐ jí shǐ 有yǒu yǒu 修正案xiū zhèng àn xiū zhèng àn ,, , 总zǒng zǒng 检察长jiǎn chá zhǎng jiǎn chá zhǎng PorterPorter Porter 表示biǎo shì biǎo shì ,, , 征召zhēng zhào zhēng zhào 军队jūn duì jūn duì 应对yìng duì yìng duì "" " 实际shí jì shí jì 骚乱sāo luàn sāo luàn "" " 将jiāng jiāng 是shì shì "" " 几乎jī hū jī hū 不可bù kě bù kě 想象xiǎng xiàng xiǎng xiàng 的de de "" " [[ [ 22 2 ]] ] 。。 。
The critique is also legitimate: 1. **The threshold genuinely lowered**: Moving from "exhausted all options" to "could enhance capability" is a significant change [1].
这些zhè xiē zhè xiē 权力quán lì quán lì 用于yòng yú yòng yú 恐怖主义kǒng bù zhǔ yì kǒng bù zhǔ yì 和hé hé 极端jí duān jí duān 紧急情况jǐn jí qíng kuàng jǐn jí qíng kuàng ,, , 而ér ér 非fēi fēi 例行lì xíng lì xíng 抗议kàng yì kàng yì 镇压zhèn yā zhèn yā [[ [ 22 2 ]] ] 。。 。
Having tanks available obviously "enhances" police capability [3]. 2. **Precedent creates danger**: Once military-domestic policing boundaries blur, future governments could expand usage.
44 4 .. . ** * ** * 州zhōu zhōu 当局dāng jú dāng jú 仍réng réng 控制kòng zhì kòng zhì ** * ** * :: : 尽管jǐn guǎn jǐn guǎn 有yǒu yǒu 联邦lián bāng lián bāng 征召zhēng zhào zhēng zhào 权quán quán ,, , 州zhōu zhōu 警察jǐng chá jǐng chá 仍réng réng 保留bǎo liú bǎo liú 行动xíng dòng xíng dòng 控制权kòng zhì quán kòng zhì quán ,, , 士兵shì bīng shì bīng 不能bù néng bù néng 超越chāo yuè chāo yuè 州zhōu zhōu 当局dāng jú dāng jú 要求yāo qiú yāo qiú 的de de 任务rèn wù rèn wù [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
The authors cite Turkey and Hungary as cautionary examples of democracies where such measures were later abused [1]. 3. **Infrastructure protection is vague**: Declaring infrastructure and deploying troops to protect it from protesters creates opportunities for abuse, particularly around politically sensitive targets (coal plants, ports) [1]. 4. **Democratic principle at stake**: The fundamental separation between military and domestic policing is a key democratic principle [3].
###### ### 公民自由gōng mín zì yóu gōng mín zì yóu 担忧dān yōu dān yōu (( ( 有效yǒu xiào yǒu xiào )) )
Once abandoned, it's difficult to restore [3].
批评pī píng pī píng 也yě yě 是shì shì 合理hé lǐ hé lǐ 的de de :: :
### Who Was Right?
11 1 .. . ** * ** * 门槛mén kǎn mén kǎn 确实què shí què shí 降低jiàng dī jiàng dī ** * ** * :: : 从cóng cóng "" " 穷尽qióng jìn qióng jìn 所有suǒ yǒu suǒ yǒu 选择xuǎn zé xuǎn zé "" " 变为biàn wèi biàn wèi "" " 可以kě yǐ kě yǐ 增强zēng qiáng zēng qiáng 能力néng lì néng lì "" " 是shì shì 一个yí gè yí gè 重大zhòng dà zhòng dà 变化biàn huà biàn huà [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
This is ultimately a **values dispute, not a factual one**. - **If you prioritize emergency response speed and national security**: The government's arguments for easier call-out are reasonable.
拥有yōng yǒu yōng yǒu 坦克tǎn kè tǎn kè 显然xiǎn rán xiǎn rán "" " 增强zēng qiáng zēng qiáng "" " 了le le 警察jǐng chá jǐng chá 能力néng lì néng lì [[ [ 33 3 ]] ] 。。 。
Modern terrorism is fast and distributed. - **If you prioritize constitutional constraints and civil liberties precedent**: The civil liberties concerns are legitimate.
22 2 .. . ** * ** * 先例xiān lì xiān lì 造成zào chéng zào chéng 危险wēi xiǎn wēi xiǎn ** * ** * :: : 一旦yí dàn yí dàn 军事jūn shì jūn shì -- - 国内guó nèi guó nèi 治安zhì ān zhì ān 边界biān jiè biān jiè 模糊mó hú mó hú ,, , 未来wèi lái wèi lái 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 可能kě néng kě néng 扩大kuò dà kuò dà 使用shǐ yòng shǐ yòng 。。 。
Blurring military-domestic policing lines is historically dangerous. **The honest assessment**: Both sides have defensible positions.
作者zuò zhě zuò zhě 引用yǐn yòng yǐn yòng 土耳其tǔ ěr qí tǔ ěr qí 和hé hé 匈牙利xiōng yá lì xiōng yá lì 作为zuò wéi zuò wéi 民主mín zhǔ mín zhǔ 国家guó jiā guó jiā 后来hòu lái hòu lái 滥用làn yòng làn yòng 此类cǐ lèi cǐ lèi 措施cuò shī cuò shī 的de de 警示jǐng shì jǐng shì 例子lì zi lì zi [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
The legislation did genuinely broaden military call-out powers beyond the original terrorism-specific framing, and it did extend to "domestic violence" broadly defined.
33 3 .. . ** * ** * 基础设施jī chǔ shè shī jī chǔ shè shī 保护bǎo hù bǎo hù 定义dìng yì dìng yì 模糊mó hú mó hú ** * ** * :: : 宣布xuān bù xuān bù 基础设施jī chǔ shè shī jī chǔ shè shī 并bìng bìng 部署bù shǔ bù shǔ 军队jūn duì jūn duì 保护bǎo hù bǎo hù 其qí qí 免受miǎn shòu miǎn shòu 抗议者kàng yì zhě kàng yì zhě 侵害qīn hài qīn hài 创造chuàng zào chuàng zào 了le le 滥用làn yòng làn yòng 机会jī huì jī huì ,, , 特别tè bié tè bié 是shì shì 在zài zài 政治zhèng zhì zhèng zhì 敏感mǐn gǎn mǐn gǎn 目标mù biāo mù biāo (( ( 燃煤rán méi rán méi 电厂diàn chǎng diàn chǎng 、、 、 港口gǎng kǒu gǎng kǒu )) ) 周围zhōu wéi zhōu wéi [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
However, it was not a proposal to deploy military for routine protest suppression, nor was it unique—Labor had already established military call-out powers.
44 4 .. . ** * ** * 民主mín zhǔ mín zhǔ 原则yuán zé yuán zé 受到shòu dào shòu dào 威胁wēi xié wēi xié ** * ** * :: : 军事jūn shì jūn shì 与yǔ yǔ 国内guó nèi guó nèi 治安zhì ān zhì ān 之间zhī jiān zhī jiān 的de de 基本jī běn jī běn 分离fēn lí fēn lí 是shì shì 关键guān jiàn guān jiàn 民主mín zhǔ mín zhǔ 原则yuán zé yuán zé [[ [ 33 3 ]] ] 。。 。
The claim that this could be used for environmental protests threatening coal generators is **technically possible under the legislation's language** but **operationally and politically unlikely** unless a government deliberately chose to invoke it.
一旦yí dàn yí dàn 放弃fàng qì fàng qì ,, , 很难hěn nán hěn nán 恢复huī fù huī fù [[ [ 33 3 ]] ] 。。 。
###### ### 谁shuí shuí 是shì shì 对duì duì 的de de ?? ?
这zhè zhè 最终zuì zhōng zuì zhōng 是shì shì ** * ** * 价值观jià zhí guān jià zhí guān 争议zhēng yì zhēng yì ,, , 而ér ér 非fēi fēi 事实shì shí shì shí 争议zhēng yì zhēng yì ** * ** * 。。 。
-- - ** * ** * 如果rú guǒ rú guǒ 你nǐ nǐ 优先yōu xiān yōu xiān 考虑kǎo lǜ kǎo lǜ 应急yìng jí yìng jí 响应速度xiǎng yìng sù dù xiǎng yìng sù dù 和hé hé 国家guó jiā guó jiā 安全ān quán ān quán ** * ** * :: : 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 关于guān yú guān yú 更gèng gèng 简便jiǎn biàn jiǎn biàn 征召zhēng zhào zhēng zhào 的de de 论点lùn diǎn lùn diǎn 是shì shì 合理hé lǐ hé lǐ 的de de 。。 。
现代xiàn dài xiàn dài 恐怖主义kǒng bù zhǔ yì kǒng bù zhǔ yì 快速kuài sù kuài sù 且qiě qiě 分散fēn sàn fēn sàn 。。 。
-- - ** * ** * 如果rú guǒ rú guǒ 你nǐ nǐ 优先yōu xiān yōu xiān 考虑kǎo lǜ kǎo lǜ 宪法xiàn fǎ xiàn fǎ 限制xiàn zhì xiàn zhì 和hé hé 公民自由gōng mín zì yóu gōng mín zì yóu 先例xiān lì xiān lì ** * ** * :: : 公民自由gōng mín zì yóu gōng mín zì yóu 担忧dān yōu dān yōu 是shì shì 合理hé lǐ hé lǐ 的de de 。。 。
模糊mó hú mó hú 军事jūn shì jūn shì -- - 国内guó nèi guó nèi 治安zhì ān zhì ān 界限jiè xiàn jiè xiàn 在历史上zài lì shǐ shàng zài lì shǐ shàng 是shì shì 危险wēi xiǎn wēi xiǎn 的de de 。。 。
** * ** * 诚实chéng shí chéng shí 评估píng gū píng gū ** * ** * :: : 双方shuāng fāng shuāng fāng 都dōu dōu 有yǒu yǒu 可辩护kě biàn hù kě biàn hù 的de de 立场lì chǎng lì chǎng 。。 。
该gāi gāi 立法lì fǎ lì fǎ 确实què shí què shí 将jiāng jiāng 军事jūn shì jūn shì 征召zhēng zhào zhēng zhào 权从quán cóng quán cóng 最初zuì chū zuì chū 针对zhēn duì zhēn duì 恐怖主义kǒng bù zhǔ yì kǒng bù zhǔ yì 的de de 框架kuāng jià kuāng jià 扩大kuò dà kuò dà 到dào dào 更gèng gèng 广泛guǎng fàn guǎng fàn 的de de 定义dìng yì dìng yì ,, , 并bìng bìng 扩展kuò zhǎn kuò zhǎn 到dào dào 广泛guǎng fàn guǎng fàn 定义dìng yì dìng yì 的de de "" " 国内guó nèi guó nèi 暴力bào lì bào lì "" " 。。 。
然而rán ér rán ér ,, , 这zhè zhè 并非bìng fēi bìng fēi 部署bù shǔ bù shǔ 军队jūn duì jūn duì 进行jìn xíng jìn xíng 例行lì xíng lì xíng 抗议kàng yì kàng yì 镇压zhèn yā zhèn yā 的de de 提议tí yì tí yì ,, , 也yě yě 并非bìng fēi bìng fēi 独有dú yǒu dú yǒu —— — —— — 工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng 已经yǐ jīng yǐ jīng 建立jiàn lì jiàn lì 了le le 军事jūn shì jūn shì 征召zhēng zhào zhēng zhào 权quán quán 。。 。
关于guān yú guān yú 这zhè zhè 可kě kě 用于yòng yú yòng yú 威胁wēi xié wēi xié 燃煤rán méi rán méi 发电机fā diàn jī fā diàn jī 环境huán jìng huán jìng 抗议kàng yì kàng yì 的de de 主张zhǔ zhāng zhǔ zhāng ,, , 在zài zài 立法lì fǎ lì fǎ 语言yǔ yán yǔ yán 下xià xià ** * ** * 技术jì shù jì shù 上shàng shàng 可能kě néng kě néng ** * ** * ,, , 但dàn dàn 在zài zài 行动xíng dòng xíng dòng 和hé hé 政治zhèng zhì zhèng zhì 上shàng shàng ** * ** * 不太可能bù tài kě néng bù tài kě néng ** * ** * ,, , 除非chú fēi chú fēi 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 故意gù yì gù yì 选择xuǎn zé xuǎn zé 援引yuán yǐn yuán yǐn 。。 。

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—— — 该gāi gāi 主张zhǔ zhāng zhǔ zhāng 准确zhǔn què zhǔn què 描述miáo shù miáo shù 了le le 立法lì fǎ lì fǎ 的de de 技术jì shù jì shù 范围fàn wéi fàn wéi ,, , 但dàn dàn 通过tōng guò tōng guò 遗漏yí lòu yí lòu 和hé hé 框架kuāng jià kuāng jià 误导wù dǎo wù dǎo 。。 。
— The claim accurately describes the legislation's technical scope but misleads through omission and framing. **What's true:** - The Coalition did introduce legislation broadening military call-out powers [1] - These powers technically extend beyond terrorism to broader "domestic violence" [1] - Environmental protests targeting infrastructure could theoretically be covered [1] - Lethal force authorization was included [1] **What's misleading or omitted:** - Powers are constrained by constitutional definition, ministerial oversight, and Governor-General approval [1] - This was an expansion of powers **Labor originally created** in 1999-2000 [3] - Government explicitly stated troops for routine riots would be "inconceivable" [2] - The legislation was prompted by a specific tragedy (Lindt siege) where existing powers might have helped [2] - Civil liberties concerns are legitimate but represent a values dispute, not evidence of intended abuse
** * ** * 属实shǔ shí shǔ shí 内容nèi róng nèi róng :: : ** * ** *
-- - CoalitionCoalition Coalition 确实què shí què shí 引入yǐn rù yǐn rù 了le le 扩大kuò dà kuò dà 军事jūn shì jūn shì 征召zhēng zhào zhēng zhào 权quán quán 的de de 立法lì fǎ lì fǎ [[ [ 11 1 ]] ]
-- - 这些zhè xiē zhè xiē 权力quán lì quán lì 技术jì shù jì shù 上shàng shàng 从cóng cóng 恐怖主义kǒng bù zhǔ yì kǒng bù zhǔ yì 扩展kuò zhǎn kuò zhǎn 到dào dào 更gèng gèng 广泛guǎng fàn guǎng fàn 的de de "" " 国内guó nèi guó nèi 暴力bào lì bào lì "" " [[ [ 11 1 ]] ]
-- - 针对zhēn duì zhēn duì 基础设施jī chǔ shè shī jī chǔ shè shī 的de de 环境huán jìng huán jìng 抗议kàng yì kàng yì 理论lǐ lùn lǐ lùn 上shàng shàng 可能kě néng kě néng 被bèi bèi 涵盖hán gài hán gài [[ [ 11 1 ]] ]
-- - 包含bāo hán bāo hán 了le le 致命zhì mìng zhì mìng 武力wǔ lì wǔ lì 授权shòu quán shòu quán [[ [ 11 1 ]] ]
** * ** * 误导wù dǎo wù dǎo 或huò huò 遗漏yí lòu yí lòu 内容nèi róng nèi róng :: : ** * ** *
-- - 权力quán lì quán lì 受shòu shòu 宪法xiàn fǎ xiàn fǎ 定义dìng yì dìng yì 、、 、 部长bù zhǎng bù zhǎng 监督jiān dū jiān dū 和hé hé 总督zǒng dū zǒng dū 批准pī zhǔn pī zhǔn 的de de 限制xiàn zhì xiàn zhì [[ [ 11 1 ]] ]
-- - 这zhè zhè 是shì shì 对duì duì ** * ** * 工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng 最初zuì chū zuì chū 在zài zài 19991999 1999 -- - 20002000 2000 年nián nián 创建chuàng jiàn chuàng jiàn ** * ** * 的de de 权力quán lì quán lì 的de de 扩展kuò zhǎn kuò zhǎn [[ [ 33 3 ]] ]
-- - 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 明确míng què míng què 表示biǎo shì biǎo shì ,, , 军队jūn duì jūn duì 应对yìng duì yìng duì 例行lì xíng lì xíng 骚乱sāo luàn sāo luàn 将jiāng jiāng 是shì shì "" " 不可bù kě bù kě 想象xiǎng xiàng xiǎng xiàng 的de de "" " [[ [ 22 2 ]] ]
-- - 该gāi gāi 立法lì fǎ lì fǎ 由yóu yóu 特定tè dìng tè dìng 悲剧bēi jù bēi jù (( ( 林特lín tè lín tè 人质危机rén zhì wēi jī rén zhì wēi jī )) ) 引发yǐn fā yǐn fā ,, , 现有xiàn yǒu xiàn yǒu 权力quán lì quán lì 本běn běn 可能kě néng kě néng 有yǒu yǒu 帮助bāng zhù bāng zhù [[ [ 22 2 ]] ]
-- - 公民自由gōng mín zì yóu gōng mín zì yóu 担忧dān yōu dān yōu 是shì shì 合理hé lǐ hé lǐ 的de de ,, , 但dàn dàn 代表dài biǎo dài biǎo 价值观jià zhí guān jià zhí guān 争议zhēng yì zhēng yì ,, , 而ér ér 非fēi fēi 滥用làn yòng làn yòng 意图yì tú yì tú 的de de 证据zhèng jù zhèng jù

📚 来源与引用 (3)

  1. 1
    sydneycriminallawyers.com.au

    sydneycriminallawyers.com.au

    The government has introduced legislation to make it easier for the Australian Defence Force to be called out to not only deal with terrorism but a whole range of civilian incidents.

    Sydney Criminal Lawyers
  2. 2
    thenewdaily.com.au

    thenewdaily.com.au

    It will soon be easier for state and territory governments to call in the miliary to help respond to domestic terrorist attacks in new call-out laws

    Thenewdaily Com
  3. 3
    mobile.abc.net.au

    mobile.abc.net.au

    If the thought of calling out troops on our streets to quell disturbances is inconceivable, why does Peter Dutton need the power to do so? Michael Bradley writes that there are precedents, and they're not pretty.

    Mobile Abc Net

评分方法

1-3: 不实

事实错误或恶意捏造。

4-6: 部分属实

有一定真实性,但缺乏背景或有所偏颇。

7-9: 基本属实

仅有微小的技术性或措辞问题。

10: 准确

完全经过验证且客观公正。

方法论: 评分通过交叉参照政府官方记录、独立事实核查机构和原始文件确定。