部分真實

評分: 4.0/10

Coalition
C0662

主張

“重寫反恐法律,使得從敘利亞和伊拉克返回的澳洲遊客在被證明無罪前將被視為恐怖主義有罪。”
原始來源: Matthew Davis

原始來源

事實查核

AbbottAbbott Abbott 政府ㄓㄥˋ ㄈㄨˇ zhèng fǔ 確實ㄑㄩㄝˋ ㄕˊ què shí ㄗㄞˋ zài 20142014 2014 ㄋㄧㄢˊ nián ㄐㄧㄡˋ jiù ㄘㄨㄥˊ cóng 敘利亞ㄒㄩˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄧㄚˋ xù lì yà ㄏㄜˊ 伊拉克ㄧ ㄌㄚ ㄎㄜˋ yī lā kè 返回ㄈㄢˇ ㄏㄨㄟˊ fǎn huí ㄉㄜ˙ de 澳洲人ㄠˋ ㄓㄡ ㄖㄣˊ ào zhōu rén 提出ㄊㄧˊ ㄔㄨ tí chū ㄌㄜ˙ le 反恐ㄈㄢˇ ㄎㄨㄥˇ fǎn kǒng 法律ㄈㄚˇ ㄌㄩˋ fǎ lǜ 改革ㄍㄞˇ ㄍㄜˊ gǎi gé 但此ㄉㄢˋ ㄘˇ dàn cǐ 說法ㄕㄨㄛ ㄈㄚˇ shuō fǎ 嚴重ㄧㄢˊ ㄓㄨㄥˋ yán zhòng 誤解ㄨˋ ㄐㄧㄝˇ wù jiě ㄌㄜ˙ le 實際ㄕˊ ㄐㄧˋ shí jì 頒布ㄅㄢ ㄅㄨˋ bān bù ㄉㄜ˙ de 法律ㄈㄚˇ ㄌㄩˋ fǎ lǜ [[ [ 11 1 ]] ]
The Abbott government did propose counterterrorism law reforms in 2014 concerning Australians returning from Syria and Iraq, but the claim significantly mischaracterizes what was actually enacted [1].
每日ㄇㄟˇ ㄖˋ měi rì 電訊報ㄉㄧㄢˋ ㄒㄩㄣˋ ㄅㄠˋ diàn xùn bào 20142014 2014 ㄋㄧㄢˊ nián 88 8 ㄩㄝˋ yuè 11 1 ㄖˋ ㄉㄜ˙ de 報導ㄅㄠˋ ㄉㄠˇ bào dǎo 指出ㄓˇ ㄔㄨ zhǐ chū 政府ㄓㄥˋ ㄈㄨˇ zhèng fǔ 正在ㄓㄥˋ ㄗㄞˋ zhèng zài 考慮ㄎㄠˇ ㄌㄩˋ kǎo lǜ ㄉㄨㄟˋ duì ㄘㄨㄥˊ cóng 敘利亞ㄒㄩˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄧㄚˋ xù lì yà ㄏㄜˊ 伊拉克ㄧ ㄌㄚ ㄎㄜˋ yī lā kè 返回ㄈㄢˇ ㄏㄨㄟˊ fǎn huí ㄉㄜ˙ de 人士ㄖㄣˊ ㄕˋ rén shì ㄋㄧㄡˇ niǔ 轉舉ㄓㄨㄢˇ ㄐㄩˇ zhuǎn jǔ 證責任ㄓㄥˋ ㄗㄜˊ ㄖㄣˋ zhèng zé rèn [[ [ 22 2 ]] ]
The Daily Telegraph article from August 1, 2014, reported that the government was "considering" reversing the onus of proof for people returning from Syria and Iraq [2].
然而ㄖㄢˊ ㄦˊ rán ér 這是ㄓㄜˋ ㄕˋ zhè shì 當時ㄉㄤ ㄕˊ dāng shí 拋出ㄆㄠ ㄔㄨ pāo chū ㄉㄜ˙ de 提案ㄊㄧˊ ㄢˋ tí àn 並非ㄅㄧㄥˋ ㄈㄟ bìng fēi 最終ㄗㄨㄟˋ ㄓㄨㄥ zuì zhōng 通過ㄊㄨㄥ ㄍㄨㄛˋ tōng guò ㄉㄜ˙ de 立法ㄌㄧˋ ㄈㄚˇ lì fǎ [[ [ 33 3 ]] ]
However, this was a floated proposal at the time, not the final legislation that was passed [3].
實際ㄕˊ ㄐㄧˋ shí jì ㄕㄤˋ shàng 20142014 2014 ㄋㄧㄢˊ nián 1010 10 ㄩㄝˋ yuè 通過ㄊㄨㄥ ㄍㄨㄛˋ tōng guò ㄉㄜ˙ de 反恐ㄈㄢˇ ㄎㄨㄥˇ fǎn kǒng 立法ㄌㄧˋ ㄈㄚˇ lì fǎ 修正案ㄒㄧㄡ ㄓㄥˋ ㄢˋ xiū zhèng àn 外國ㄨㄞˋ ㄍㄨㄛˊ wài guó 戰鬥人員ㄓㄢˋ ㄉㄡˋ ㄖㄣˊ ㄩㄢˊ zhàn dòu rén yuán 法案ㄈㄚˇ ㄢˋ fǎ àn 20142014 2014 並未ㄅㄧㄥˋ ㄨㄟˋ bìng wèi 包含ㄅㄠ ㄏㄢˊ bāo hán 對無罪ㄉㄨㄟˋ ㄨˊ ㄗㄨㄟˋ duì wú zuì 推定ㄊㄨㄟ ㄉㄧㄥˋ tuī dìng 原則ㄩㄢˊ ㄗㄜˊ yuán zé ㄉㄜ˙ de 全面ㄑㄩㄢˊ ㄇㄧㄢˋ quán miàn 扭轉ㄋㄧㄡˇ ㄓㄨㄢˇ niǔ zhuǎn [[ [ 44 4 ]] ]
The actual Counter-Terrorism Legislation Amendment (Foreign Fighters) Act 2014, which passed in October 2014, did not contain a blanket reversal of the presumption of innocence [4].
相反ㄒㄧㄤ ㄈㄢˇ xiāng fǎn ㄊㄚ 引入ㄧㄣˇ ㄖㄨˋ yǐn rù ㄌㄜ˙ le 特定ㄊㄜˋ ㄉㄧㄥˋ tè dìng 區域ㄑㄩ ㄩˋ qū yù 罪名ㄗㄨㄟˋ ㄇㄧㄥˊ zuì míng 將進入ㄐㄧㄤ ㄐㄧㄣˋ ㄖㄨˋ jiāng jìn rù ㄏㄨㄛˋ huò ㄓˋ zhì 留在ㄌㄧㄡˊ ㄗㄞˋ liú zài 指定ㄓˇ ㄉㄧㄥˋ zhǐ dìng 區域ㄑㄩ ㄩˋ qū yù ㄖㄨˊ 伊拉克ㄧ ㄌㄚ ㄎㄜˋ yī lā kè 摩蘇爾ㄇㄛˊ ㄙㄨ ㄦˇ mó sū ěr ㄏㄜˊ 敘利亞ㄒㄩˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄧㄚˋ xù lì yà 拉卡ㄌㄚ ㄎㄚˇ lā kǎ ㄑㄧㄝˇ qiě ㄨˊ 正當ㄓㄥˋ ㄉㄤ zhèng dāng 理由ㄌㄧˇ ㄧㄡˊ lǐ yóu 定為ㄉㄧㄥˋ ㄨㄟˋ dìng wèi 犯罪ㄈㄢˋ ㄗㄨㄟˋ fàn zuì [[ [ 55 5 ]] ]
Instead, it introduced the "declared areas" offence, making it an offence to enter or remain in designated areas (such as Mosul in Iraq and al-Raqqa in Syria) without a "legitimate purpose" [5].
根據ㄍㄣ ㄐㄩˋ gēn jù 最終ㄗㄨㄟˋ ㄓㄨㄥ zuì zhōng 立法ㄌㄧˋ ㄈㄚˇ lì fǎ
Under the final legislation: - The prosecution must still prove beyond reasonable doubt that the person entered or remained in a declared area [6] - The defendant bears an "evidential burden" (not a legal burden) to point to evidence that they were in the area for a legitimate purpose [7] - Legitimate purposes include: providing humanitarian aid, making genuine visits to family members, undertaking professional journalism, and providing aid during emergencies [8] This is legally distinct from "guilty until proven innocent" - the prosecution still bears the primary burden of proof for the core elements of the offence [9].
-- - 控方ㄎㄨㄥˋ ㄈㄤ kòng fāng ㄖㄥˊ réng ㄒㄩ ㄗㄞˋ zài 合理ㄏㄜˊ ㄌㄧˇ hé lǐ 懷疑ㄏㄨㄞˊ ㄧˊ huái yí 之外ㄓ ㄨㄞˋ zhī wài 證明ㄓㄥˋ ㄇㄧㄥˊ zhèng míng 當事人ㄉㄤ ㄕˋ ㄖㄣˊ dāng shì rén 進入ㄐㄧㄣˋ ㄖㄨˋ jìn rù ㄏㄨㄛˋ huò ㄓˋ zhì 留在ㄌㄧㄡˊ ㄗㄞˋ liú zài 特定ㄊㄜˋ ㄉㄧㄥˋ tè dìng 區域ㄑㄩ ㄩˋ qū yù [[ [ 66 6 ]] ]
-- - 被告ㄅㄟˋ ㄍㄠˋ bèi gào 僅承擔ㄐㄧㄣˇ ㄔㄥˊ ㄉㄢ jǐn chéng dān 證據ㄓㄥˋ ㄐㄩˋ zhèng jù 負擔ㄈㄨˋ ㄉㄢ fù dān ㄈㄟ fēi 法律ㄈㄚˇ ㄌㄩˋ fǎ lǜ 負擔ㄈㄨˋ ㄉㄢ fù dān 指出ㄓˇ ㄔㄨ zhǐ chū 證據ㄓㄥˋ ㄐㄩˋ zhèng jù 證明ㄓㄥˋ ㄇㄧㄥˊ zhèng míng ㄑㄧˊ ㄗㄞˋ zài ㄍㄞ gāi 區域ㄑㄩ ㄩˋ qū yù ㄧㄡˇ yǒu 正當ㄓㄥˋ ㄉㄤ zhèng dāng 理由ㄌㄧˇ ㄧㄡˊ lǐ yóu [[ [ 77 7 ]] ]
-- - 正當ㄓㄥˋ ㄉㄤ zhèng dāng 理由ㄌㄧˇ ㄧㄡˊ lǐ yóu 包括ㄅㄠ ㄎㄨㄛˋ bāo kuò 提供ㄊㄧˊ ㄍㄨㄥ tí gōng ㄖㄣˊ rén ㄉㄠˋ dào 援助ㄩㄢˊ ㄓㄨˋ yuán zhù 探訪ㄊㄢˋ ㄈㄤˇ tàn fǎng 家庭ㄐㄧㄚ ㄊㄧㄥˊ jiā tíng 成員ㄔㄥˊ ㄩㄢˊ chéng yuán ㄉㄜ˙ de 真正ㄓㄣ ㄓㄥˋ zhēn zhèng 探訪ㄊㄢˋ ㄈㄤˇ tàn fǎng 從事ㄘㄨㄥˊ ㄕˋ cóng shì 專業ㄓㄨㄢ ㄧㄝˋ zhuān yè 新聞ㄒㄧㄣ ㄨㄣˊ xīn wén 工作ㄍㄨㄥ ㄗㄨㄛˋ gōng zuò ㄗㄞˋ zài ㄐㄧㄣˇ jǐn 急情ㄐㄧˊ ㄑㄧㄥˊ jí qíng 況下ㄎㄨㄤˋ ㄒㄧㄚˋ kuàng xià 提供援助ㄊㄧˊ ㄍㄨㄥ ㄩㄢˊ ㄓㄨˋ tí gōng yuán zhù [[ [ 88 8 ]] ]
這在ㄓㄜˋ ㄗㄞˋ zhè zài 法律ㄈㄚˇ ㄌㄩˋ fǎ lǜ ㄕㄤˋ shàng 不同ㄅㄨˋ ㄊㄨㄥˊ bù tóng ㄩˊ 有罪ㄧㄡˇ ㄗㄨㄟˋ yǒu zuì 直至ㄓˊ ㄓˋ zhí zhì 證明ㄓㄥˋ ㄇㄧㄥˊ zhèng míng 無罪ㄨˊ ㄗㄨㄟˋ wú zuì 控方ㄎㄨㄥˋ ㄈㄤ kòng fāng ㄖㄥˊ réng ㄉㄨㄟˋ duì 罪行ㄗㄨㄟˋ ㄒㄧㄥˊ zuì xíng ㄉㄜ˙ de 核心ㄏㄜˊ ㄒㄧㄣ hé xīn 要素ㄧㄠˋ ㄙㄨˋ yào sù 承擔ㄔㄥˊ ㄉㄢ chéng dān 主要ㄓㄨˇ ㄧㄠˋ zhǔ yào 舉證責任ㄐㄩˇ ㄓㄥˋ ㄗㄜˊ ㄖㄣˋ jǔ zhèng zé rèn [[ [ 99 9 ]] ]

缺失的脈絡

ㄘˇ 說法ㄕㄨㄛ ㄈㄚˇ shuō fǎ 省略ㄕㄥˇ ㄌㄩㄝˋ shěng lüè ㄌㄜ˙ le 幾個ㄐㄧˇ ㄍㄜˋ jǐ gè 關鍵ㄍㄨㄢ ㄐㄧㄢˋ guān jiàn 背景ㄅㄟˋ ㄐㄧㄥˇ bèi jǐng
The claim omits several critical pieces of context: **Bipartisan Support**: The Foreign Fighters legislation passed with strong bipartisan support - Labor voted with the Coalition in the Senate, with the bill passing 43 votes to 12 (opposed only by Greens and crossbenchers) [10].
** * ** * 兩黨ㄌㄧㄤˇ ㄉㄤˇ liǎng dǎng 支持ㄓ ㄔˊ zhī chí ** * ** * 外國ㄨㄞˋ ㄍㄨㄛˊ wài guó 戰鬥人員ㄓㄢˋ ㄉㄡˋ ㄖㄣˊ ㄩㄢˊ zhàn dòu rén yuán 法案ㄈㄚˇ ㄢˋ fǎ àn 獲得ㄏㄨㄛˋ ㄉㄜˊ huò dé ㄌㄜ˙ le 強大ㄑㄧㄤˊ ㄉㄚˋ qiáng dà ㄉㄜ˙ de 兩黨ㄌㄧㄤˇ ㄉㄤˇ liǎng dǎng 支持ㄓ ㄔˊ zhī chí 工黨ㄍㄨㄥ ㄉㄤˇ gōng dǎng ㄗㄞˋ zài 參議院ㄘㄢ ㄧˋ ㄩㄢˋ cān yì yuàn ㄩˇ CoalitionCoalition Coalition 一起ㄧˋ ㄑㄧˇ yì qǐ 投票ㄊㄡˊ ㄆㄧㄠˋ tóu piào 法案ㄈㄚˇ ㄢˋ fǎ àn ㄧˇ 4343 43 ㄆㄧㄠˋ piào ㄉㄨㄟˋ duì 1212 12 票通過ㄆㄧㄠˋ ㄊㄨㄥ ㄍㄨㄛˋ piào tōng guò 僅綠黨ㄐㄧㄣˇ ㄌㄩˋ ㄉㄤˇ jǐn lǜ dǎng ㄏㄜˊ 獨立ㄉㄨˊ ㄌㄧˋ dú lì 議員反ㄧˋ ㄩㄢˊ ㄈㄢˇ yì yuán fǎn ㄉㄨㄟˋ duì [[ [ 1010 10 ]] ]
Opposition Leader Bill Shorten stated "Labor believes that our security agencies and national institutions should have the powers and resources they need to keep Australians safe" [11]. **Specific Context of 2014**: The legislation was introduced amid escalating conflict in Syria and Iraq, with the Islamic State (ISIL/ISIS) seizing territory and actively recruiting foreign fighters [12].
反對ㄈㄢˇ ㄉㄨㄟˋ fǎn duì ㄉㄤˇ dǎng 領袖ㄌㄧㄥˇ ㄒㄧㄡˋ lǐng xiù BillBill Bill ShortenShorten Shorten 表示ㄅㄧㄠˇ ㄕˋ biǎo shì 工黨ㄍㄨㄥ ㄉㄤˇ gōng dǎng 認為ㄖㄣˋ ㄨㄟˋ rèn wèi 我們ㄨㄛˇ ㄇㄣ˙ wǒ men ㄉㄜ˙ de 安全ㄢ ㄑㄩㄢˊ ān quán 機構ㄐㄧ ㄍㄡˋ jī gòu ㄏㄜˊ 國家ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄐㄧㄚ guó jiā 機構ㄐㄧ ㄍㄡˋ jī gòu ㄧㄥ yīng 擁有ㄩㄥ ㄧㄡˇ yōng yǒu 保護ㄅㄠˇ ㄏㄨˋ bǎo hù 澳洲人ㄠˋ ㄓㄡ ㄖㄣˊ ào zhōu rén 安全ㄢ ㄑㄩㄢˊ ān quán ㄙㄨㄛˇ suǒ ㄒㄩ ㄉㄜ˙ de 權力ㄑㄩㄢˊ ㄌㄧˋ quán lì ㄏㄜˊ 資源ㄗ ㄩㄢˊ zī yuán [[ [ 1111 11 ]] ]
Approximately 70 Australians were believed to be fighting with extremist groups in the region, creating genuine security concerns about returning radicalized individuals [13]. **International Context**: The legislation responded to UN Security Council Resolution 2178 (September 2014), which called on member states to take action against foreign terrorist fighters [14].
** * ** * 20142014 2014 ㄋㄧㄢˊ nián ㄉㄜ˙ de 特定ㄊㄜˋ ㄉㄧㄥˋ tè dìng 背景ㄅㄟˋ ㄐㄧㄥˇ bèi jǐng ** * ** * ㄍㄞ gāi 立法ㄌㄧˋ ㄈㄚˇ lì fǎ ㄕˋ shì ㄗㄞˋ zài 敘利亞ㄒㄩˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄧㄚˋ xù lì yà ㄏㄜˊ 伊拉克ㄧ ㄌㄚ ㄎㄜˋ yī lā kè ㄔㄨㄥ chōng 突升ㄊㄨ ㄕㄥ tū shēng ㄐㄧˊ ㄉㄜ˙ de 背景ㄅㄟˋ ㄐㄧㄥˇ bèi jǐng ㄒㄧㄚˋ xià 提出ㄊㄧˊ ㄔㄨ tí chū ㄉㄜ˙ de 當時ㄉㄤ ㄕˊ dāng shí 伊斯ㄧ ㄙ yī sī 蘭國ㄌㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ lán guó ISILISIL ISIL // / ISISISIS ISIS 佔領ㄓㄢˋ ㄌㄧㄥˇ zhàn lǐng 領土ㄌㄧㄥˇ ㄊㄨˇ lǐng tǔ 並積極ㄅㄧㄥˋ ㄐㄧ ㄐㄧˊ bìng jī jí 招募ㄓㄠ ㄇㄨˋ zhāo mù 外國ㄨㄞˋ ㄍㄨㄛˊ wài guó 戰鬥人員ㄓㄢˋ ㄉㄡˋ ㄖㄣˊ ㄩㄢˊ zhàn dòu rén yuán [[ [ 1212 12 ]] ]
Similar laws were being implemented across Western nations in response to the foreign fighter phenomenon [15]. **Proposal vs.
據信ㄐㄩˋ ㄒㄧㄣˋ jù xìn ㄩㄝ yuē ㄧㄡˇ yǒu 7070 70 ㄇㄧㄥˊ míng 澳洲人ㄠˋ ㄓㄡ ㄖㄣˊ ào zhōu rén 正在ㄓㄥˋ ㄗㄞˋ zhèng zài ㄍㄞ gāi 地區ㄉㄧˋ ㄑㄩ dì qū ㄩˇ 極端ㄐㄧˊ ㄉㄨㄢ jí duān 組織ㄗㄨˇ ㄓ zǔ zhī 作戰ㄗㄨㄛˋ ㄓㄢˋ zuò zhàn ㄉㄨㄟˋ duì 返回ㄈㄢˇ ㄏㄨㄟˊ fǎn huí ㄉㄜ˙ de 激進ㄐㄧ ㄐㄧㄣˋ jī jìn 化個ㄏㄨㄚˋ ㄍㄜˋ huà gè ㄖㄣˊ rén 造成ㄗㄠˋ ㄔㄥˊ zào chéng 真正ㄓㄣ ㄓㄥˋ zhēn zhèng ㄉㄜ˙ de 安全ㄢ ㄑㄩㄢˊ ān quán 擔憂ㄉㄢ ㄧㄡ dān yōu [[ [ 1313 13 ]] ]
Final Law**: The "guilty until proven innocent" framing was based on media reports of proposals being considered in August 2014, not the final legislation enacted in October 2014 after parliamentary scrutiny and amendment [16].
** * ** * 國際ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄐㄧˋ guó jì 背景ㄅㄟˋ ㄐㄧㄥˇ bèi jǐng ** * ** * ㄍㄞ gāi 立法ㄌㄧˋ ㄈㄚˇ lì fǎ 回應ㄏㄨㄟˊ ㄧㄥ huí yīng ㄌㄜ˙ le 聯合ㄌㄧㄢˊ ㄏㄜˊ lián hé 國安理會ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄢ ㄌㄧˇ ㄏㄨㄟˋ guó ān lǐ huì ㄉㄧˋ 21782178 2178 號決議ㄏㄠˋ ㄐㄩㄝˊ ㄧˋ hào jué yì 20142014 2014 ㄋㄧㄢˊ nián 99 9 ㄩㄝˋ yuè ㄍㄞ gāi 決議ㄐㄩㄝˊ ㄧˋ jué yì 呼籲ㄏㄨ ㄩˋ hū yù 成員國ㄔㄥˊ ㄩㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ chéng yuán guó 採取ㄘㄞˇ ㄑㄩˇ cǎi qǔ 行動ㄒㄧㄥˊ ㄉㄨㄥˋ xíng dòng 打擊ㄉㄚˇ ㄐㄧ dǎ jī 外國ㄨㄞˋ ㄍㄨㄛˊ wài guó 恐怖ㄎㄨㄥˇ ㄅㄨˋ kǒng bù 主義戰ㄓㄨˇ ㄧˋ ㄓㄢˋ zhǔ yì zhàn 鬥人員ㄉㄡˋ ㄖㄣˊ ㄩㄢˊ dòu rén yuán [[ [ 1414 14 ]] ]
西方ㄒㄧ ㄈㄤ xī fāng 國家ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄐㄧㄚ guó jiā ㄧㄝˇ ㄗㄞˋ zài 實施類ㄕˊ ㄕ ㄌㄟˋ shí shī lèi 似的ㄕˋ ㄉㄜ˙ shì de 外國ㄨㄞˋ ㄍㄨㄛˊ wài guó 戰鬥人員ㄓㄢˋ ㄉㄡˋ ㄖㄣˊ ㄩㄢˊ zhàn dòu rén yuán 措施ㄘㄨㄛˋ ㄕ cuò shī 以應ㄧˇ ㄧㄥ yǐ yīng ㄉㄨㄟˋ duì 這一現ㄓㄜˋ ㄧ ㄒㄧㄢˋ zhè yī xiàn ㄒㄧㄤˋ xiàng [[ [ 1515 15 ]] ]
** * ** * 提案ㄊㄧˊ ㄢˋ tí àn ㄩˇ 最終ㄗㄨㄟˋ ㄓㄨㄥ zuì zhōng 法律ㄈㄚˇ ㄌㄩˋ fǎ lǜ ** * ** * 有罪ㄧㄡˇ ㄗㄨㄟˋ yǒu zuì 直至ㄓˊ ㄓˋ zhí zhì 證明ㄓㄥˋ ㄇㄧㄥˊ zhèng míng 無罪ㄨˊ ㄗㄨㄟˋ wú zuì ㄉㄜ˙ de ㄕㄨㄛ shuō ㄈㄚˇ ㄕˋ shì ㄐㄧ ㄩˊ 20142014 2014 ㄋㄧㄢˊ nián 88 8 ㄩㄝˋ yuè 媒體ㄇㄟˊ ㄊㄧˇ méi tǐ ㄉㄨㄟˋ duì 政府ㄓㄥˋ ㄈㄨˇ zhèng fǔ 考慮ㄎㄠˇ ㄌㄩˋ kǎo lǜ ㄓㄨㄥ zhōng ㄉㄜ˙ de 提案ㄊㄧˊ ㄢˋ tí àn ㄉㄜ˙ de 報導ㄅㄠˋ ㄉㄠˇ bào dǎo ㄦˊ ér ㄈㄟ fēi 20142014 2014 ㄋㄧㄢˊ nián 1010 10 ㄩㄝˋ yuè 經過ㄐㄧㄥ ㄍㄨㄛˋ jīng guò 議會ㄧˋ ㄏㄨㄟˋ yì huì 審查ㄕㄣˇ ㄔㄚˊ shěn chá ㄏㄜˊ 修訂ㄒㄧㄡ ㄉㄧㄥˋ xiū dìng ㄏㄡˋ hòu 頒布ㄅㄢ ㄅㄨˋ bān bù ㄉㄜ˙ de 最終ㄗㄨㄟˋ ㄓㄨㄥ zuì zhōng 立法ㄌㄧˋ ㄈㄚˇ lì fǎ [[ [ 1616 16 ]] ]

來源可信度評估

原始ㄩㄢˊ ㄕˇ yuán shǐ 來源ㄌㄞˊ ㄩㄢˊ lái yuán ㄕˋ shì 每日ㄇㄟˇ ㄖˋ měi rì 電訊報ㄉㄧㄢˋ ㄒㄩㄣˋ ㄅㄠˋ diàn xùn bào 這是ㄓㄜˋ ㄕˋ zhè shì NewsNews News CorpCorp Corp AustraliaAustralia Australia ㄉㄜ˙ de 出版物ㄔㄨ ㄅㄢˇ ㄨˋ chū bǎn wù
The original source is The Daily Telegraph, a News Corp Australia publication.
NewsNews News CorpCorp Corp 出版物ㄔㄨ ㄅㄢˇ ㄨˋ chū bǎn wù 通常ㄊㄨㄥ ㄔㄤˊ tōng cháng 具有ㄐㄩˋ ㄧㄡˇ jù yǒu 保守ㄅㄠˇ ㄕㄡˇ bǎo shǒu ㄉㄜ˙ de 編輯ㄅㄧㄢ ㄐㄧˊ biān jí 傾向ㄑㄧㄥ ㄒㄧㄤˋ qīng xiàng 通常ㄊㄨㄥ ㄔㄤˊ tōng cháng 支持ㄓ ㄔˊ zhī chí CoalitionCoalition Coalition 政府ㄓㄥˋ ㄈㄨˇ zhèng fǔ [[ [ 1717 17 ]] ]
News Corp publications generally have conservative editorial leanings and have typically supported Coalition governments [17].
ㄍㄞ gāi 文章ㄨㄣˊ ㄓㄤ wén zhāng ㄉㄜ˙ de 標題ㄅㄧㄠ ㄊㄧˊ biāo tí ProveProve Prove youryour your innocenceinnocence innocence 具有ㄐㄩˋ ㄧㄡˇ jù yǒu 聳人ㄙㄨㄥˇ ㄖㄣˊ sǒng rén 聽聞ㄊㄧㄥ ㄨㄣˊ tīng wén ㄉㄜ˙ de 性質ㄒㄧㄥˋ ㄓˋ xìng zhì 未能ㄨㄟˋ ㄋㄥˊ wèi néng 準確ㄓㄨㄣˇ ㄑㄩㄝˋ zhǔn què 反映ㄈㄢˇ ㄧㄥˋ fǎn yìng 最終ㄗㄨㄟˋ ㄓㄨㄥ zuì zhōng 成為ㄔㄥˊ ㄨㄟˋ chéng wèi 法律ㄈㄚˇ ㄌㄩˋ fǎ lǜ ㄉㄜ˙ de 微妙ㄨㄟ ㄇㄧㄠˋ wēi miào 法律ㄈㄚˇ ㄌㄩˋ fǎ lǜ 立場ㄌㄧˋ ㄔㄤˇ lì chǎng [[ [ 1818 18 ]] ]
The article's headline "Prove your innocence" was sensationalist and did not accurately reflect the nuanced legal position that ultimately became law [18].
報導ㄅㄠˋ ㄉㄠˇ bào dǎo 混淆ㄏㄨㄣˋ ㄒㄧㄠˊ hùn xiáo ㄌㄜ˙ le 政府ㄓㄥˋ ㄈㄨˇ zhèng fǔ 拋出ㄆㄠ ㄔㄨ pāo chū ㄉㄜ˙ de 提案ㄊㄧˊ ㄢˋ tí àn ㄩˇ 最終ㄗㄨㄟˋ ㄓㄨㄥ zuì zhōng 確定ㄑㄩㄝˋ ㄉㄧㄥˋ què dìng ㄉㄜ˙ de 立法ㄌㄧˋ ㄈㄚˇ lì fǎ ㄉㄨㄟˋ duì 實際ㄕˊ ㄐㄧˋ shí jì 頒布ㄅㄢ ㄅㄨˋ bān bù ㄉㄜ˙ de 法律ㄈㄚˇ ㄌㄩˋ fǎ lǜ 造成ㄗㄠˋ ㄔㄥˊ zào chéng ㄌㄜ˙ le 誤導性ㄨˋ ㄉㄠˇ ㄒㄧㄥˋ wù dǎo xìng 印象ㄧㄣˋ ㄒㄧㄤˋ yìn xiàng [[ [ 1919 19 ]] ]
The reporting conflated proposals being floated by the government with finalized legislation, creating a misleading impression of what was actually enacted [19].
⚖️

Labor 比較

** * ** * 工黨ㄍㄨㄥ ㄉㄤˇ gōng dǎng 是否ㄕˋ ㄈㄡˇ shì fǒu ㄧㄝˇ ㄗㄨㄛˋ zuò 過類ㄍㄨㄛˋ ㄌㄟˋ guò lèi 似的ㄕˋ ㄉㄜ˙ shì de 事情ㄕˋ ㄑㄧㄥˊ shì qíng
**Did Labor do something similar?** Search conducted: "Labor government foreign fighters terrorism laws comparison declared areas" Finding: The Labor Opposition provided bipartisan support for the Foreign Fighters Bill 2014, indicating they accepted the policy framework [20].
** * ** *
When Labor returned to government in 2022, they maintained and extended these provisions.
搜尋內容ㄙㄡ ㄒㄩㄣˊ ㄋㄟˋ ㄖㄨㄥˊ sōu xún nèi róng LaborLabor Labor governmentgovernment government foreignforeign foreign fightersfighters fighters terrorismterrorism terrorism lawslaws laws comparisoncomparison comparison declareddeclared declared areasareas areas
The Albanese government's Attorney-General Mark Dreyfus introduced the Counter-Terrorism Legislation Amendment (Declared Areas) Bill 2024 to continue the declared areas regime, arguing it "fulfils a crucial role in the disruption and prosecution of returning foreign terrorist fighters" [21].
發現ㄈㄚ ㄒㄧㄢˋ fā xiàn 工黨ㄍㄨㄥ ㄉㄤˇ gōng dǎng ㄈㄢˇ fǎn ㄉㄨㄟˋ duì ㄆㄞˋ pài ㄨㄟˋ wèi 20142014 2014 ㄋㄧㄢˊ nián 外國ㄨㄞˋ ㄍㄨㄛˊ wài guó 戰鬥人員ㄓㄢˋ ㄉㄡˋ ㄖㄣˊ ㄩㄢˊ zhàn dòu rén yuán 法案ㄈㄚˇ ㄢˋ fǎ àn 提供ㄊㄧˊ ㄍㄨㄥ tí gōng ㄌㄜ˙ le 兩黨ㄌㄧㄤˇ ㄉㄤˇ liǎng dǎng 支持ㄓ ㄔˊ zhī chí 表明ㄅㄧㄠˇ ㄇㄧㄥˊ biǎo míng 他們ㄊㄚ ㄇㄣ˙ tā men 接受ㄐㄧㄝ ㄕㄡˋ jiē shòu ㄌㄜ˙ le ㄍㄞ gāi 政策ㄓㄥˋ ㄘㄜˋ zhèng cè 框架ㄎㄨㄤ ㄐㄧㄚˋ kuāng jià [[ [ 2020 20 ]] ]
This demonstrates that the declared areas framework, while controversial, has been supported by both major parties as a national security measure.
當工黨ㄉㄤ ㄍㄨㄥ ㄉㄤˇ dāng gōng dǎng ㄗㄞˋ zài 20222022 2022 ㄋㄧㄢˊ nián 重新ㄔㄨㄥˊ ㄒㄧㄣ chóng xīn 執政時ㄓˊ ㄓㄥˋ ㄕˊ zhí zhèng shí 他們ㄊㄚ ㄇㄣ˙ tā men 維持並ㄨㄟˊ ㄔˊ ㄅㄧㄥˋ wéi chí bìng 擴展ㄎㄨㄛˋ ㄓㄢˇ kuò zhǎn ㄌㄜ˙ le 這些ㄓㄜˋ ㄒㄧㄝ zhè xiē 條款ㄊㄧㄠˊ ㄎㄨㄢˇ tiáo kuǎn
Labor's continued use of these provisions in government indicates they do not view this as an aberrant Coalition policy but as an ongoing security tool [22].
AlbaneseAlbanese Albanese 政府ㄓㄥˋ ㄈㄨˇ zhèng fǔ ㄉㄜ˙ de 司法部ㄙ ㄈㄚˇ ㄅㄨˋ sī fǎ bù ㄓㄤˇ zhǎng MarkMark Mark DreyfusDreyfus Dreyfus 提出ㄊㄧˊ ㄔㄨ tí chū ㄌㄜ˙ le 反恐ㄈㄢˇ ㄎㄨㄥˇ fǎn kǒng 立法ㄌㄧˋ ㄈㄚˇ lì fǎ 修正案ㄒㄧㄡ ㄓㄥˋ ㄢˋ xiū zhèng àn 特定ㄊㄜˋ ㄉㄧㄥˋ tè dìng 區域ㄑㄩ ㄩˋ qū yù 法案ㄈㄚˇ ㄢˋ fǎ àn 20242024 2024 以延續ㄧˇ ㄧㄢˊ ㄒㄩˋ yǐ yán xù 特定ㄊㄜˋ ㄉㄧㄥˋ tè dìng 區域ㄑㄩ ㄩˋ qū yù 制度ㄓˋ ㄉㄨˋ zhì dù 認為ㄖㄣˋ ㄨㄟˋ rèn wèi ㄊㄚ ㄗㄞˋ zài 阻止ㄗㄨˇ ㄓˇ zǔ zhǐ ㄏㄜˊ 起訴ㄑㄧˇ ㄙㄨˋ qǐ sù 返回ㄈㄢˇ ㄏㄨㄟˊ fǎn huí ㄉㄜ˙ de 外國ㄨㄞˋ ㄍㄨㄛˊ wài guó 恐怖ㄎㄨㄥˇ ㄅㄨˋ kǒng bù 主義戰ㄓㄨˇ ㄧˋ ㄓㄢˋ zhǔ yì zhàn 鬥人員ㄉㄡˋ ㄖㄣˊ ㄩㄢˊ dòu rén yuán 方面ㄈㄤ ㄇㄧㄢˋ fāng miàn 發揮著ㄈㄚ ㄏㄨㄟ ㄓㄨˋ fā huī zhù 至關ㄓˋ ㄍㄨㄢ zhì guān 重要ㄓㄨㄥˋ ㄧㄠˋ zhòng yào ㄉㄜ˙ de 作用ㄗㄨㄛˋ ㄩㄥˋ zuò yòng [[ [ 2121 21 ]] ]
ㄓㄜˋ zhè 表明ㄅㄧㄠˇ ㄇㄧㄥˊ biǎo míng ㄐㄧㄣˇ jǐn ㄍㄨㄢˇ guǎn 存在ㄘㄨㄣˊ ㄗㄞˋ cún zài 爭議ㄓㄥ ㄧˋ zhēng yì 特定ㄊㄜˋ ㄉㄧㄥˋ tè dìng 區域ㄑㄩ ㄩˋ qū yù 框架ㄎㄨㄤ ㄐㄧㄚˋ kuāng jià 得到ㄉㄜˊ ㄉㄠˋ dé dào ㄌㄜ˙ le 兩大黨ㄌㄧㄤˇ ㄉㄚˋ ㄉㄤˇ liǎng dà dǎng ㄉㄜ˙ de 支持ㄓ ㄔˊ zhī chí 作為ㄗㄨㄛˋ ㄨㄟˋ zuò wèi 國家ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄐㄧㄚ guó jiā 安全措施ㄢ ㄑㄩㄢˊ ㄘㄨㄛˋ ㄕ ān quán cuò shī
工黨ㄍㄨㄥ ㄉㄤˇ gōng dǎng ㄗㄞˋ zài 執政期ㄓˊ ㄓㄥˋ ㄑㄧ zhí zhèng qī ㄐㄧㄢ jiān 繼續ㄐㄧˋ ㄒㄩˋ jì xù 使用ㄕˇ ㄩㄥˋ shǐ yòng 這些ㄓㄜˋ ㄒㄧㄝ zhè xiē 條款ㄊㄧㄠˊ ㄎㄨㄢˇ tiáo kuǎn 表明ㄅㄧㄠˇ ㄇㄧㄥˊ biǎo míng 他們ㄊㄚ ㄇㄣ˙ tā men 不將ㄅㄨˋ ㄐㄧㄤ bù jiāng 此視ㄘˇ ㄕˋ cǐ shì ㄨㄟˋ wèi CoalitionCoalition Coalition ㄉㄜ˙ de 異常ㄧˋ ㄔㄤˊ yì cháng 政策ㄓㄥˋ ㄘㄜˋ zhèng cè 而是ㄦˊ ㄕˋ ér shì 持續ㄔˊ ㄒㄩˋ chí xù ㄉㄜ˙ de 安全ㄢ ㄑㄩㄢˊ ān quán 工具ㄍㄨㄥ ㄐㄩˋ gōng jù [[ [ 2222 22 ]] ]
🌐

平衡觀點

ㄘˇ 說法ㄕㄨㄛ ㄈㄚˇ shuō fǎ 使用ㄕˇ ㄩㄥˋ shǐ yòng 煽動性ㄕㄢ ㄉㄨㄥˋ ㄒㄧㄥˋ shān dòng xìng 語言ㄩˇ ㄧㄢˊ yǔ yán ㄗㄞˋ zài ㄅㄟˋ bèi 證明ㄓㄥˋ ㄇㄧㄥˊ zhèng míng 無罪ㄨˊ ㄗㄨㄟˋ wú zuì 前將ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄐㄧㄤ qián jiāng ㄅㄟˋ bèi 視為ㄕˋ ㄨㄟˋ shì wèi 恐怖ㄎㄨㄥˇ ㄅㄨˋ kǒng bù 主義ㄓㄨˇ ㄧˋ zhǔ yì 有罪ㄧㄡˇ ㄗㄨㄟˋ yǒu zuì 未能ㄨㄟˋ ㄋㄥˊ wèi néng 準確ㄓㄨㄣˇ ㄑㄩㄝˋ zhǔn què 反映ㄈㄢˇ ㄧㄥˋ fǎn yìng ㄙㄨㄛˇ suǒ 頒布ㄅㄢ ㄅㄨˋ bān bù ㄉㄜ˙ de 法律ㄈㄚˇ ㄌㄩˋ fǎ lǜ 框架ㄎㄨㄤ ㄐㄧㄚˋ kuāng jià
The claim uses inflammatory language ("guilty of terrorism until they prove they are innocent") that does not accurately reflect the legal framework enacted. **What the law actually does:** The declared areas offence creates a rebuttable presumption that shifts an *evidential* burden (not a legal burden) onto the defendant once the prosecution proves the person entered a declared area [23].
** * ** * 法律ㄈㄚˇ ㄌㄩˋ fǎ lǜ 實際ㄕˊ ㄐㄧˋ shí jì ㄕㄤˋ shàng ㄙㄨㄛˇ suǒ ㄗㄨㄛˋ zuò ㄉㄜ˙ de ** * ** *
This is a recognized legal mechanism used in various contexts, distinct from true reversal of onus of proof where the defendant must prove innocence [24]. **Criticisms raised at the time:** The Law Council of Australia and Australian Human Rights Commission raised concerns about the declared areas provisions, describing them as a "blunt instrument" that could affect innocent travelers including journalists, aid workers, and those with family connections [25].
特定ㄊㄜˋ ㄉㄧㄥˋ tè dìng 區域ㄑㄩ ㄩˋ qū yù 罪行ㄗㄨㄟˋ ㄒㄧㄥˊ zuì xíng 創造ㄔㄨㄤˋ ㄗㄠˋ chuàng zào ㄌㄜ˙ le 一種ㄧ ㄓㄨㄥˇ yī zhǒng ㄎㄜˇ 反駁ㄈㄢˇ ㄅㄛˊ fǎn bó ㄉㄜ˙ de 推定ㄊㄨㄟ ㄉㄧㄥˋ tuī dìng 一旦ㄧˊ ㄉㄢˋ yí dàn 控方ㄎㄨㄥˋ ㄈㄤ kòng fāng 證明ㄓㄥˋ ㄇㄧㄥˊ zhèng míng 當事人ㄉㄤ ㄕˋ ㄖㄣˊ dāng shì rén 進入ㄐㄧㄣˋ ㄖㄨˋ jìn rù 特定ㄊㄜˋ ㄉㄧㄥˋ tè dìng 區域ㄑㄩ ㄩˋ qū yù 就將ㄐㄧㄡˋ ㄐㄧㄤ jiù jiāng 證據ㄓㄥˋ ㄐㄩˋ zhèng jù 負擔ㄈㄨˋ ㄉㄢ fù dān ㄈㄟ fēi 法律ㄈㄚˇ ㄌㄩˋ fǎ lǜ 負擔ㄈㄨˋ ㄉㄢ fù dān 轉移給ㄓㄨㄢˇ ㄧˊ ㄍㄟˇ zhuǎn yí gěi 被告ㄅㄟˋ ㄍㄠˋ bèi gào [[ [ 2323 23 ]] ]
The Human Rights Commission recommended amendments to strengthen protections for legitimate travel purposes [26]. **Government justification:** Attorney-General George Brandis argued the provisions were necessary because "there are some areas of the world, areas under the control of terrorist armies... to which Australians should not travel" [27].
這是ㄓㄜˋ ㄕˋ zhè shì 一種ㄧ ㄓㄨㄥˇ yī zhǒng ㄗㄞˋ zài 各種ㄍㄜˋ ㄓㄨㄥˇ gè zhǒng 情況ㄑㄧㄥˊ ㄎㄨㄤˋ qíng kuàng ㄒㄧㄚˋ xià 使用ㄕˇ ㄩㄥˋ shǐ yòng ㄉㄜ˙ de 公認ㄍㄨㄥ ㄖㄣˋ gōng rèn 法律ㄈㄚˇ ㄌㄩˋ fǎ lǜ 機制ㄐㄧ ㄓˋ jī zhì 不同ㄅㄨˋ ㄊㄨㄥˊ bù tóng ㄩˊ 真正ㄓㄣ ㄓㄥˋ zhēn zhèng ㄉㄜ˙ de 舉證責任ㄐㄩˇ ㄓㄥˋ ㄗㄜˊ ㄖㄣˋ jǔ zhèng zé rèn 扭轉ㄋㄧㄡˇ ㄓㄨㄢˇ niǔ zhuǎn ㄐㄧˊ 被告ㄅㄟˋ ㄍㄠˋ bèi gào 必須ㄅㄧˋ ㄒㄩ bì xū 證明ㄓㄥˋ ㄇㄧㄥˊ zhèng míng 自己ㄗˋ ㄐㄧˇ zì jǐ 無罪ㄨˊ ㄗㄨㄟˋ wú zuì [[ [ 2424 24 ]] ]
The government maintained that the specific list of legitimate purposes provided legal certainty, ensuring people knew what conduct was permitted [28]. **Comparative context:** This approach is not unique to Australia.
** * ** * 當時ㄉㄤ ㄕˊ dāng shí 提出ㄊㄧˊ ㄔㄨ tí chū ㄉㄜ˙ de 批評ㄆㄧ ㄆㄧㄥˊ pī píng ** * ** *
The UK, Canada, and other Western nations implemented similar foreign fighter measures following UN Security Council Resolution 2178 [29].
澳洲ㄠˋ ㄓㄡ ào zhōu 法律ㄈㄚˇ ㄌㄩˋ fǎ lǜ 委員會ㄨㄟˇ ㄩㄢˊ ㄏㄨㄟˋ wěi yuán huì ㄏㄜˊ 澳洲人ㄠˋ ㄓㄡ ㄖㄣˊ ào zhōu rén 權委員會ㄑㄩㄢˊ ㄨㄟˇ ㄩㄢˊ ㄏㄨㄟˋ quán wěi yuán huì ㄉㄨㄟˋ duì 特定ㄊㄜˋ ㄉㄧㄥˋ tè dìng 區域ㄑㄩ ㄩˋ qū yù 條款ㄊㄧㄠˊ ㄎㄨㄢˇ tiáo kuǎn 表示ㄅㄧㄠˇ ㄕˋ biǎo shì 關切ㄍㄨㄢ ㄑㄧㄝˋ guān qiè 將其ㄐㄧㄤ ㄑㄧˊ jiāng qí 描述ㄇㄧㄠˊ ㄕㄨˋ miáo shù ㄨㄟˋ wèi 可能ㄎㄜˇ ㄋㄥˊ kě néng 影響ㄧㄥˇ ㄒㄧㄤˇ yǐng xiǎng 無辜ㄨˊ ㄍㄨ wú gū 旅行者ㄌㄩˇ ㄒㄧㄥˊ ㄓㄜˇ lǚ xíng zhě 包括ㄅㄠ ㄎㄨㄛˋ bāo kuò 記者ㄐㄧˋ ㄓㄜˇ jì zhě 援助ㄩㄢˊ ㄓㄨˋ yuán zhù 人員ㄖㄣˊ ㄩㄢˊ rén yuán ㄏㄜˊ ㄧㄡˇ yǒu 家庭ㄐㄧㄚ ㄊㄧㄥˊ jiā tíng ㄍㄨㄢ guān ㄒㄧˋ ㄉㄜ˙ de ㄖㄣˊ rén ㄉㄜ˙ de 鈍器ㄉㄨㄣˋ ㄑㄧˋ dùn qì [[ [ 2525 25 ]] ]
The bipartisan support from Labor indicates this was viewed as a legitimate national security response to an unprecedented threat, not a partisan power grab. **Key context:** The characterization of the law as making people "guilty of terrorism until they prove they are innocent" is legally inaccurate and omits the bipartisan support, international context, and specific safeguards that were included in the final legislation.
人權ㄖㄣˊ ㄑㄩㄢˊ rén quán 委員會ㄨㄟˇ ㄩㄢˊ ㄏㄨㄟˋ wěi yuán huì 建議ㄐㄧㄢˋ ㄧˋ jiàn yì 修訂ㄒㄧㄡ ㄉㄧㄥˋ xiū dìng 以加強ㄧˇ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄑㄧㄤˊ yǐ jiā qiáng ㄉㄨㄟˋ duì 合法ㄏㄜˊ ㄈㄚˇ hé fǎ 旅行ㄌㄩˇ ㄒㄧㄥˊ lǚ xíng ㄉㄜ˙ de 保護ㄅㄠˇ ㄏㄨˋ bǎo hù [[ [ 2626 26 ]] ]
** * ** * 政府ㄓㄥˋ ㄈㄨˇ zhèng fǔ 理由ㄌㄧˇ ㄧㄡˊ lǐ yóu ** * ** *
司法部ㄙ ㄈㄚˇ ㄅㄨˋ sī fǎ bù ㄓㄤˇ zhǎng GeorgeGeorge George BrandisBrandis Brandis 認為ㄖㄣˋ ㄨㄟˋ rèn wèi 這些ㄓㄜˋ ㄒㄧㄝ zhè xiē 條款ㄊㄧㄠˊ ㄎㄨㄢˇ tiáo kuǎn ㄕˋ shì 必要ㄅㄧˋ ㄧㄠˋ bì yào ㄉㄜ˙ de 因為ㄧㄣ ㄨㄟˋ yīn wèi 世界ㄕˋ ㄐㄧㄝˋ shì jiè ㄕㄤˋ shàng 有些ㄧㄡˇ ㄒㄧㄝ yǒu xiē 地區ㄉㄧˋ ㄑㄩ dì qū 恐怖ㄎㄨㄥˇ ㄅㄨˋ kǒng bù 軍隊ㄐㄩㄣ ㄉㄨㄟˋ jūn duì 控制ㄎㄨㄥˋ ㄓˋ kòng zhì ㄉㄜ˙ de 地區ㄉㄧˋ ㄑㄩ dì qū 澳洲人ㄠˋ ㄓㄡ ㄖㄣˊ ào zhōu rén 不應ㄅㄨˋ ㄧㄥ bù yīng 前往ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄨㄤˇ qián wǎng [[ [ 2727 27 ]] ]
政府ㄓㄥˋ ㄈㄨˇ zhèng fǔ 堅持ㄐㄧㄢ ㄔˊ jiān chí 認為ㄖㄣˋ ㄨㄟˋ rèn wèi 正當ㄓㄥˋ ㄉㄤ zhèng dāng 理由ㄌㄧˇ ㄧㄡˊ lǐ yóu ㄉㄜ˙ de 具體ㄐㄩˋ ㄊㄧˇ jù tǐ 清單ㄑㄧㄥ ㄉㄢ qīng dān 提供ㄊㄧˊ ㄍㄨㄥ tí gōng ㄌㄜ˙ le 法律ㄈㄚˇ ㄌㄩˋ fǎ lǜ ㄑㄩㄝˋ què 定性ㄉㄧㄥˋ ㄒㄧㄥˋ dìng xìng ㄑㄩㄝˋ què 保人ㄅㄠˇ ㄖㄣˊ bǎo rén ㄇㄣ˙ men 知道ㄓ ㄉㄠˋ zhī dào 允許ㄩㄣˇ ㄒㄩˇ yǔn xǔ 哪些ㄋㄚˇ ㄒㄧㄝ nǎ xiē 行為ㄒㄧㄥˊ ㄨㄟˋ xíng wèi [[ [ 2828 28 ]] ]
** * ** * 比較ㄅㄧˇ ㄐㄧㄠˋ bǐ jiào 背景ㄅㄟˋ ㄐㄧㄥˇ bèi jǐng ** * ** *
這種ㄓㄜˋ ㄓㄨㄥˇ zhè zhǒng 方法ㄈㄤ ㄈㄚˇ fāng fǎ 並非ㄅㄧㄥˋ ㄈㄟ bìng fēi 澳洲ㄠˋ ㄓㄡ ào zhōu 獨有ㄉㄨˊ ㄧㄡˇ dú yǒu
英國ㄧㄥ ㄍㄨㄛˊ yīng guó 加拿大ㄐㄧㄚ ㄋㄚˊ ㄉㄚˋ jiā ná dà ㄏㄜˊ 其他ㄑㄧˊ ㄊㄚ qí tā 西方ㄒㄧ ㄈㄤ xī fāng 國家ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄐㄧㄚ guó jiā ㄗㄞˋ zài 聯合ㄌㄧㄢˊ ㄏㄜˊ lián hé 國安理會ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄢ ㄌㄧˇ ㄏㄨㄟˋ guó ān lǐ huì ㄉㄧˋ 21782178 2178 號決議ㄏㄠˋ ㄐㄩㄝˊ ㄧˋ hào jué yì 之後實施ㄓ ㄏㄡˋ ㄕˊ ㄕ zhī hòu shí shī 了類ㄌㄜ˙ ㄌㄟˋ le lèi 似的ㄕˋ ㄉㄜ˙ shì de 外國ㄨㄞˋ ㄍㄨㄛˊ wài guó 戰鬥人員ㄓㄢˋ ㄉㄡˋ ㄖㄣˊ ㄩㄢˊ zhàn dòu rén yuán 措施ㄘㄨㄛˋ ㄕ cuò shī [[ [ 2929 29 ]] ]
工黨ㄍㄨㄥ ㄉㄤˇ gōng dǎng ㄉㄜ˙ de 兩黨ㄌㄧㄤˇ ㄉㄤˇ liǎng dǎng 支持ㄓ ㄔˊ zhī chí 表明ㄅㄧㄠˇ ㄇㄧㄥˊ biǎo míng 這被ㄓㄜˋ ㄅㄟˋ zhè bèi 視為ㄕˋ ㄨㄟˋ shì wèi ㄉㄨㄟˋ duì 前所未有ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄙㄨㄛˇ ㄨㄟˋ ㄧㄡˇ qián suǒ wèi yǒu ㄉㄜ˙ de 威脅ㄨㄟ ㄒㄧㄝˊ wēi xié ㄉㄜ˙ de 合法ㄏㄜˊ ㄈㄚˇ hé fǎ 國家ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄐㄧㄚ guó jiā 安全ㄢ ㄑㄩㄢˊ ān quán 回應ㄏㄨㄟˊ ㄧㄥ huí yīng ㄦˊ ér 非黨ㄈㄟ ㄉㄤˇ fēi dǎng ㄆㄞˋ pài ㄉㄜ˙ de 權力ㄑㄩㄢˊ ㄌㄧˋ quán lì 攫取ㄐㄩㄝˊ ㄑㄩˇ jué qǔ
** * ** * 關鍵ㄍㄨㄢ ㄐㄧㄢˋ guān jiàn 背景ㄅㄟˋ ㄐㄧㄥˇ bèi jǐng ** * ** * ㄐㄧㄤ jiāng 法律ㄈㄚˇ ㄌㄩˋ fǎ lǜ 描述ㄇㄧㄠˊ ㄕㄨˋ miáo shù ㄨㄟˋ wèi 使ㄕˇ shǐ 人們ㄖㄣˊ ㄇㄣ˙ rén men ㄗㄞˋ zài ㄅㄟˋ bèi 證明ㄓㄥˋ ㄇㄧㄥˊ zhèng míng 無罪ㄨˊ ㄗㄨㄟˋ wú zuì 前將ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄐㄧㄤ qián jiāng ㄅㄟˋ bèi 視為ㄕˋ ㄨㄟˋ shì wèi 恐怖ㄎㄨㄥˇ ㄅㄨˋ kǒng bù 主義ㄓㄨˇ ㄧˋ zhǔ yì 有罪ㄧㄡˇ ㄗㄨㄟˋ yǒu zuì ㄗㄞˋ zài 法律ㄈㄚˇ ㄌㄩˋ fǎ lǜ ㄕㄤˋ shàng ㄕˋ shì ㄅㄨˋ 準確ㄓㄨㄣˇ ㄑㄩㄝˋ zhǔn què ㄉㄜ˙ de 並且ㄅㄧㄥˋ ㄑㄧㄝˇ bìng qiě 省略ㄕㄥˇ ㄌㄩㄝˋ shěng lüè ㄌㄜ˙ le 兩黨ㄌㄧㄤˇ ㄉㄤˇ liǎng dǎng 支持ㄓ ㄔˊ zhī chí 國際ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄐㄧˋ guó jì 背景ㄅㄟˋ ㄐㄧㄥˇ bèi jǐng 以及ㄧˇ ㄐㄧˊ yǐ jí 最終ㄗㄨㄟˋ ㄓㄨㄥ zuì zhōng 立法ㄌㄧˋ ㄈㄚˇ lì fǎ ㄓㄨㄥ zhōng 包含ㄅㄠ ㄏㄢˊ bāo hán ㄉㄜ˙ de 具體ㄐㄩˋ ㄊㄧˇ jù tǐ 保障ㄅㄠˇ ㄓㄤˋ bǎo zhàng 措施ㄘㄨㄛˋ ㄕ cuò shī

部分真實

4.0

/ 10

CoalitionCoalition Coalition 確實ㄑㄩㄝˋ ㄕˊ què shí ㄗㄞˋ zài 20142014 2014 ㄋㄧㄢˊ nián 提出ㄊㄧˊ ㄔㄨ tí chū 並頒布ㄅㄧㄥˋ ㄅㄢ ㄅㄨˋ bìng bān bù ㄌㄜ˙ le 反恐ㄈㄢˇ ㄎㄨㄥˇ fǎn kǒng 立法ㄌㄧˋ ㄈㄚˇ lì fǎ 引入ㄧㄣˇ ㄖㄨˋ yǐn rù ㄌㄜ˙ le 特定ㄊㄜˋ ㄉㄧㄥˋ tè dìng 區域ㄑㄩ ㄩˋ qū yù 罪行ㄗㄨㄟˋ ㄒㄧㄥˊ zuì xíng 影響ㄧㄥˇ ㄒㄧㄤˇ yǐng xiǎng ㄘㄨㄥˊ cóng 敘利亞ㄒㄩˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄧㄚˋ xù lì yà ㄏㄜˊ 伊拉克ㄧ ㄌㄚ ㄎㄜˋ yī lā kè 特定ㄊㄜˋ ㄉㄧㄥˋ tè dìng 衝突區ㄔㄨㄥ ㄊㄨ ㄑㄩ chōng tū qū 返回ㄈㄢˇ ㄏㄨㄟˊ fǎn huí ㄉㄜ˙ de 澳洲人ㄠˋ ㄓㄡ ㄖㄣˊ ào zhōu rén
The Coalition did propose and enact counterterrorism legislation in 2014 that introduced the declared areas offence affecting Australians returning from specific conflict zones in Syria and Iraq.
然而ㄖㄢˊ ㄦˊ rán ér ㄍㄞ gāi ㄕㄨㄛ shuō 法將ㄈㄚˇ ㄐㄧㄤ fǎ jiāng ㄑㄧˊ 描述ㄇㄧㄠˊ ㄕㄨˋ miáo shù ㄨㄟˋ wèi ㄘㄨㄥˊ cóng 敘利亞ㄒㄩˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄧㄚˋ xù lì yà ㄏㄜˊ 伊拉克ㄧ ㄌㄚ ㄎㄜˋ yī lā kè 返回ㄈㄢˇ ㄏㄨㄟˊ fǎn huí ㄉㄜ˙ de 澳洲ㄠˋ ㄓㄡ ào zhōu 遊客ㄧㄡˊ ㄎㄜˋ yóu kè ㄗㄞˋ zài ㄅㄟˋ bèi 證明ㄓㄥˋ ㄇㄧㄥˊ zhèng míng 無罪ㄨˊ ㄗㄨㄟˋ wú zuì 前將ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄐㄧㄤ qián jiāng ㄅㄟˋ bèi 視為ㄕˋ ㄨㄟˋ shì wèi 恐怖ㄎㄨㄥˇ ㄅㄨˋ kǒng bù 主義ㄓㄨˇ ㄧˋ zhǔ yì 有罪ㄧㄡˇ ㄗㄨㄟˋ yǒu zuì ㄕˋ shì ㄉㄨㄟˋ duì 實際ㄕˊ ㄐㄧˋ shí jì 法律ㄈㄚˇ ㄌㄩˋ fǎ lǜ 框架ㄎㄨㄤ ㄐㄧㄚˋ kuāng jià ㄉㄜ˙ de 重大ㄓㄨㄥˋ ㄉㄚˋ zhòng dà 誤導ㄨˋ ㄉㄠˇ wù dǎo
However, the claim's characterization that "Australian tourists returning from Syria and Iraq will be guilty of terrorism until they prove they are innocent" is a significant misrepresentation of the actual legal framework.
最終ㄗㄨㄟˋ ㄓㄨㄥ zuì zhōng 立法ㄌㄧˋ ㄈㄚˇ lì fǎ 維持ㄨㄟˊ ㄔˊ wéi chí ㄌㄜ˙ le 控方ㄎㄨㄥˋ ㄈㄤ kòng fāng ㄉㄨㄟˋ duì 核心ㄏㄜˊ ㄒㄧㄣ hé xīn 要素ㄧㄠˋ ㄙㄨˋ yào sù ㄉㄜ˙ de 舉證責任ㄐㄩˇ ㄓㄥˋ ㄗㄜˊ ㄖㄣˋ jǔ zhèng zé rèn 僅對ㄐㄧㄣˇ ㄉㄨㄟˋ jǐn duì 正當ㄓㄥˋ ㄉㄤ zhèng dāng 理由ㄌㄧˇ ㄧㄡˊ lǐ yóu 辯護ㄅㄧㄢˋ ㄏㄨˋ biàn hù 要求ㄧㄠ ㄑㄧㄡˊ yāo qiú 證據ㄓㄥˋ ㄐㄩˋ zhèng jù 負擔ㄈㄨˋ ㄉㄢ fù dān ㄨㄟˋ wèi 人道ㄖㄣˊ ㄉㄠˋ rén dào 主義和新聞ㄓㄨˇ ㄧˋ ㄏㄜˊ ㄒㄧㄣ ㄨㄣˊ zhǔ yì hé xīn wén 旅行ㄌㄩˇ ㄒㄧㄥˊ lǚ xíng 納入ㄋㄚˋ ㄖㄨˋ nà rù ㄌㄜ˙ le 具體ㄐㄩˋ ㄊㄧˇ jù tǐ 豁免ㄏㄨㄛˋ ㄇㄧㄢˇ huò miǎn 並獲ㄅㄧㄥˋ ㄏㄨㄛˋ bìng huò ㄉㄜˊ ㄌㄜ˙ le 工黨ㄍㄨㄥ ㄉㄤˇ gōng dǎng ㄉㄜ˙ de 兩黨ㄌㄧㄤˇ ㄉㄤˇ liǎng dǎng 支持ㄓ ㄔˊ zhī chí
The final legislation maintained the prosecution's burden of proof for core elements, required only an evidential burden for legitimate purpose defenses, included specific exemptions for humanitarian and journalistic travel, and received bipartisan Labor support.
ㄍㄞ gāi 說法ㄕㄨㄛ ㄈㄚˇ shuō fǎ 混淆ㄏㄨㄣˋ ㄒㄧㄠˊ hùn xiáo ㄌㄜ˙ le 媒體ㄇㄟˊ ㄊㄧˇ méi tǐ ㄉㄨㄟˋ duì 早期ㄗㄠˇ ㄑㄧ zǎo qī 提案ㄊㄧˊ ㄢˋ tí àn ㄉㄜ˙ de 報導ㄅㄠˋ ㄉㄠˇ bào dǎo ㄩˇ 實際ㄕˊ ㄐㄧˋ shí jì 頒布ㄅㄢ ㄅㄨˋ bān bù ㄉㄜ˙ de 法律ㄈㄚˇ ㄌㄩˋ fǎ lǜ ㄅㄧㄥˋ bìng 使用ㄕˇ ㄩㄥˋ shǐ yòng 煽動性ㄕㄢ ㄉㄨㄥˋ ㄒㄧㄥˋ shān dòng xìng 語言ㄩˇ ㄧㄢˊ yǔ yán 未能ㄨㄟˋ ㄋㄥˊ wèi néng 反映ㄈㄢˇ ㄧㄥˋ fǎn yìng 微妙ㄨㄟ ㄇㄧㄠˋ wēi miào ㄉㄜ˙ de 法律ㄈㄚˇ ㄌㄩˋ fǎ lǜ 立場ㄌㄧˋ ㄔㄤˇ lì chǎng
The claim conflates media reporting of early proposals with the actual enacted law and uses sensationalist language that does not reflect the nuanced legal position.

📚 來源與引用 (24)

  1. 20
    Previous declared areas - Australian National Security

    Previous declared areas - Australian National Security

    The Australian Government's first priority is to keep our community safe from people who seek to do us harm.

    Australian National Security Website
  2. 24
    PDF

    Review of the 'declared area' provisions - UNSW Gilbert + Tobin Centre

    Gtcentre Unsw Edu • PDF Document
  3. 3
    theguardian.com

    theguardian.com

    Advocating terrorism is outlawed and overseas conflict zones are in effect no-go zones after security legislation goes through

    the Guardian
  4. 4
    sbs.com.au

    sbs.com.au

    The Abbott government is considering tougher laws that reverse the onus of proof in terrorism cases, warning that returning jihadists are a growing security threat.

    SBS News
  5. 5
    heraldsun.com.au

    heraldsun.com.au

    Heraldsun Com

  6. 6
    legislation.gov.au

    legislation.gov.au

    Federal Register of Legislation

  7. 7
    ag.gov.au

    ag.gov.au

    Ag Gov

  8. 8
    PDF

    3865 Review of Declared Areas Provisions

    Lawcouncil • PDF Document
  9. 9
    nationalsecurity.gov.au

    nationalsecurity.gov.au

    The Australian Government's first priority is to keep our community safe from people who seek to do us harm.

    Australian National Security Website
  10. 10
    aph.gov.au

    aph.gov.au

    Aph Gov

    Original link no longer available
  11. 11
    abc.net.au

    abc.net.au

    Speculation is growing that the Federal Government is considering tough new measures that would reverse the onus of proof for Australians returning from fighting in overseas wars. There are reports in the News Limited media that Prime Minister Tony Abbott may compel anyone returning to Australia from Iraq and Syria to prove they are not terrorists. Mr Abbott says the Government will make announcements about new anti-terror measures within days, saying community safety is the priority.

    ABC listen
  12. 12
    openaustralia.org.au

    openaustralia.org.au

    Making parliament easy.

    Openaustralia Org
  13. 13
    apnews.com

    apnews.com

    CANBERRA, Australia (AP) — Australia's government on Tuesday announced plans to regulate travel to terrorist hotbeds such as Iraq and Syria as part of a raft of counterterrorism measures aimed at addressing the domestic threat posed by war-hardened homegrown Islamic extremists.

    AP News
  14. 14
    lowyinstitute.org

    lowyinstitute.org

    News that the UK has upgraded its terrorism threat level from 'substantial' to 'severe' will undoubtedly help the Abbott Government to prosecute its case for enhanced anti-terror legislation. However, Sam Roggeveen is right to point out that the Government has so far failed to adequately link the scale and nature of the problem with its suggested remedies.

    Lowyinstitute
  15. 15
    loc.gov

    loc.gov

    This collection features research reports and other publications on a wide range of legal topics prepared by the Law Library of Congress in response to requests or recurring interest from Congress and other federal government entities on issues concerning foreign, comparative, and international law (FCIL).

    The Library of Congress
  16. 16
    PDF

    FTFs manaul final version 09.04.2021 ENG

    Unodc • PDF Document
  17. 17
    journal.riksawan.com

    journal.riksawan.com

    Journal Riksawan

  18. 18
    aph.gov.au

    aph.gov.au

    Key points The Counter-Terrorism Legislation Amendment (Declared Areas) Bill 2024 (the Bill) amends the Criminal Code Act 1995 (Criminal Code) and the Intelligence Services Act 2001 to extend the operation of the declared areas provisions of the Criminal Code for a further thr

    Aph Gov
  19. 19
    foreignminister.gov.au

    foreignminister.gov.au

    Foreignminister Gov

  20. 20
    lawcouncil.au

    lawcouncil.au

    The Australian Government's first priority is to keep our community safe from people who seek to do us harm.

    Australian National Security Website
  21. 21
    humanrights.gov.au

    humanrights.gov.au

    Humanrights Gov

  22. 22
    ato.gov.au

    ato.gov.au

    Ato Gov

  23. 23
    aph.gov.au

    aph.gov.au

    Helpful information Text of bill First reading: Text of the bill as introduced into the Parliament Third reading: Prepared if the bill is amended by the house in which it was introduced. This version of the bill is then considered by the second house. As passed by

    Aph Gov
  24. 24
    aph.gov.au

    aph.gov.au

    Gtcentre Unsw Edu

評分量表方法論

1-3: 虛假

事實不正確或惡意捏造。

4-6: 部分

有部分真實性,但缺乏或扭曲了背景。

7-9: 大致屬實

微小的技術性問題或措辭問題。

10: 準確

完美驗證且在情境上公正。

方法論: 評分通過交叉比對官方政府記錄、獨立事實查核組織和原始來源文件來確定。