部分属实

评分: 6.0/10

Coalition
C0167

声明内容

“创建了繁琐的规章制度,使个人更难以对违法企业提起集体诉讼。这与Coalition声称的价值观完全背道而驰,其声称的价值观包括削减繁琐规章,以及依赖自由市场解决方案(如集体诉讼)来减少企业不良行为(而非直接监管)。”
原始来源: Matthew Davis

原始来源

✅ 事实核查

CoalitionCoalition Coalition 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 确实què shí què shí 就jiù jiù 集体jí tǐ jí tǐ 诉讼sù sòng sù sòng 资金zī jīn zī jīn 监管jiān guǎn jiān guǎn 引入yǐn rù yǐn rù 了le le 新xīn xīn 规定guī dìng guī dìng 。。 。
The Coalition government did introduce new regulations affecting litigation funding in class actions.
20202020 2020 年nián nián 55 5 月yuè yuè 2222 22 日rì rì ,, , 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 宣布xuān bù xuān bù 了le le 诉讼sù sòng sù sòng 资金zī jīn zī jīn 监管jiān guǎn jiān guǎn 变更biàn gēng biàn gēng ,, , 《《 《 公司法gōng sī fǎ gōng sī fǎ 修正xiū zhèng xiū zhèng (( ( 诉讼sù sòng sù sòng 资金zī jīn zī jīn )) ) 法规fǎ guī fǎ guī 20202020 2020 》》 》 于yú yú 20202020 2020 年nián nián 88 8 月yuè yuè 2222 22 日rì rì 生效shēng xiào shēng xiào [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
On 22 May 2020, the government announced changes to litigation funding regulation, and the **Corporations Amendment (Litigation Funding) Regulations 2020** were enacted, with effect from 22 August 2020 [1].
这些zhè xiē zhè xiē 法规fǎ guī fǎ guī 要求yāo qiú yāo qiú 诉讼sù sòng sù sòng 资助zī zhù zī zhù 商shāng shāng 持有chí yǒu chí yǒu 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 金融服务jīn róng fú wù jīn róng fú wù 许可证xǔ kě zhèng xǔ kě zhèng (( ( AFSLAFSL AFSL )) ) ,, , 并bìng bìng 遵守zūn shǒu zūn shǒu 《《 《 公司法gōng sī fǎ gōng sī fǎ 》》 》 下xià xià 的de de 管理guǎn lǐ guǎn lǐ 投资tóu zī tóu zī 计划jì huà jì huà 制度zhì dù zhì dù ,, , 接受jiē shòu jiē shòu ASICASIC ASIC 的de de 监管jiān guǎn jiān guǎn [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
These regulations required litigation funders to hold an Australian Financial Services Licence (AFSL) and comply with the managed investment scheme regime under the Corporations Act, subjecting them to regulation by ASIC [1].
财政部长cái zhèng bù zhǎng cái zhèng bù zhǎng JoshJosh Josh FrydenbergFrydenberg Frydenberg 为wèi wèi 这些zhè xiē zhè xiē 法规fǎ guī fǎ guī 辩护biàn hù biàn hù 称chēng chēng :: : ““ “ 诉讼sù sòng sù sòng 资助zī zhù zī zhù 商shāng shāng 目前mù qián mù qián 面临miàn lín miàn lín 的de de 监管jiān guǎn jiān guǎn 审查shěn chá shěn chá 和hé hé 责任zé rèn zé rèn 与yǔ yǔ 其他qí tā qí tā 金融服务jīn róng fú wù jīn róng fú wù 和hé hé 产品chǎn pǐn chǎn pǐn 提供商tí gōng shāng tí gōng shāng 不同bù tóng bù tóng ”” ” [[ [ 22 2 ]] ] 。。 。
Treasurer Josh Frydenberg justified the regulations by stating: "Litigation funders currently do not face the same regulatory scrutiny and accountability as other providers of financial services and products" [2].
这些zhè xiē zhè xiē 法规fǎ guī fǎ guī 被bèi bèi 提出tí chū tí chū 是shì shì 为了wèi le wèi le 确保què bǎo què bǎo ““ “ 更gèng gèng 高gāo gāo 的de de 透明度tòu míng dù tòu míng dù 和hé hé 责任制zé rèn zhì zé rèn zhì ”” ” [[ [ 22 2 ]] ] 。。 。
The regulations were presented as ensuring "greater transparency and accountability" [2].
然而rán ér rán ér ,, , 对duì duì 这些zhè xiē zhè xiē 法规fǎ guī fǎ guī 的de de 描述miáo shù miáo shù 反映fǎn yìng fǎn yìng 了le le CoalitionCoalition Coalition 政策zhèng cè zhèng cè 的de de 重大zhòng dà zhòng dà 转变zhuǎn biàn zhuǎn biàn ,, , 而ér ér 非fēi fēi 与yǔ yǔ 声称shēng chēng shēng chēng 的de de 去qù qù 规管化guī guǎn huà guī guǎn huà 价值观jià zhí guān jià zhí guān 一致yí zhì yí zhì 。。 。
However, the characterization of these regulations reflects a significant shift in Coalition policy, not consistency with stated deregulatory values.
关键guān jiàn guān jiàn 事实shì shí shì shí 是shì shì ,, , 之前zhī qián zhī qián LaborLabor Labor 在zài zài 响应xiǎng yìng xiǎng yìng 20092009 2009 年nián nián BrookfieldBrookfield Brookfield MultiplexMultiplex Multiplex 法院fǎ yuàn fǎ yuàn 裁决cái jué cái jué 时shí shí 曾céng céng 引入yǐn rù yǐn rù 免除miǎn chú miǎn chú ,, , 免除miǎn chú miǎn chú 的de de 正是zhèng shì zhèng shì 这些zhè xiē zhè xiē 同样tóng yàng tóng yàng 的de de 法规fǎ guī fǎ guī [[ [ 33 3 ]] ] 。。 。
The critical fact is that **Labor had previously introduced exemptions from these very same regulations in response to the 2009 Brookfield Multiplex court decision** [3].
当dāng dāng 联邦lián bāng lián bāng 法院fǎ yuàn fǎ yuàn 裁定cái dìng cái dìng 诉讼sù sòng sù sòng 资助zī zhù zī zhù 属于shǔ yú shǔ yú 需要xū yào xū yào 监管jiān guǎn jiān guǎn 的de de ““ “ 管理guǎn lǐ guǎn lǐ 投资tóu zī tóu zī 计划jì huà jì huà ”” ” 时shí shí ,, , LaborLabor Labor 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 快速kuài sù kuài sù 行动xíng dòng xíng dòng ,, , 将jiāng jiāng 资助zī zhù zī zhù 商从shāng cóng shāng cóng MISMIS MIS 制度zhì dù zhì dù 中zhōng zhōng 免除miǎn chú miǎn chú ,, , 以便yǐ biàn yǐ biàn 利于lì yú lì yú 司法sī fǎ sī fǎ 渠道qú dào qú dào [[ [ 33 3 ]] ] 。。 。
When the Federal Court held that litigation funding was a "managed investment scheme" requiring regulation, the Labor government quickly moved to exempt funders from the MIS regime to facilitate access to justice [3].
CoalitionCoalition Coalition 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 在zài zài 20202020 2020 年nián nián 撤销chè xiāo chè xiāo 了le le 这zhè zhè 一yī yī 免除miǎn chú miǎn chú ,, , 重新chóng xīn chóng xīn 引入yǐn rù yǐn rù 监管jiān guǎn jiān guǎn 负担fù dān fù dān [[ [ 33 3 ]] ] 。。 。
The Coalition government reversed this exemption in 2020, reinstating regulatory burdens [3].

缺失背景

该gāi gāi 声明shēng míng shēng míng 省略shěng lüè shěng lüè 了le le 关键guān jiàn guān jiàn 的de de 历史背景lì shǐ bèi jǐng lì shǐ bèi jǐng ,, , 这些zhè xiē zhè xiē 背景bèi jǐng bèi jǐng 从根本上cóng gēn běn shàng cóng gēn běn shàng 改变gǎi biàn gǎi biàn 了le le 对duì duì CoalitionCoalition Coalition 一致性yí zhì xìng yí zhì xìng 的de de 解读jiě dú jiě dú :: :
The claim omits crucial historical context that fundamentally changes the interpretation of Coalition consistency: 1. **Labor pioneered deregulation**: After the 2009 Brookfield Multiplex decision imposed regulatory burdens on litigation funders, the Labor government explicitly exempted them from the managed investment scheme regime [3].
11 1 .. . ** * ** * LaborLabor Labor 开创kāi chuàng kāi chuàng 了le le 去qù qù 规管化guī guǎn huà guī guǎn huà ** * ** * :: : 在zài zài 20092009 2009 年nián nián BrookfieldBrookfield Brookfield MultiplexMultiplex Multiplex 裁决cái jué cái jué 对duì duì 诉讼sù sòng sù sòng 资助zī zhù zī zhù 商shāng shāng 施加shī jiā shī jiā 监管jiān guǎn jiān guǎn 负担fù dān fù dān 后hòu hòu ,, , LaborLabor Labor 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 明确míng què míng què 将jiāng jiāng 他们tā men tā men 从cóng cóng 管理guǎn lǐ guǎn lǐ 投资tóu zī tóu zī 计划jì huà jì huà 制度zhì dù zhì dù 中zhōng zhōng 免除miǎn chú miǎn chú [[ [ 33 3 ]] ] 。。 。
This was done to promote access to justice and encourage litigation funding for class actions [3]. 2. **This was successful policy**: The exemption led to significant growth in class action activity, particularly third-party funded class actions, which created opportunities for individuals to pursue corporate accountability without personal financial risk [4]. 3. **The Coalition reversed Labor's deregulation**: Rather than continuing Labor's pro-access-to-justice policy, the Coalition reintroduced regulatory requirements in 2020, effectively reinstituting the burden that Labor had removed [3]. 4. **The regulations were implemented before evidence gathering**: Critically, Parliament's Joint Committee on Corporations and Financial Services was still investigating the issue, with its report due months after the August 2020 implementation date [2].
这是zhè shì zhè shì 为了wèi le wèi le 促进cù jìn cù jìn 司法sī fǎ sī fǎ 渠道qú dào qú dào 和hé hé 鼓励gǔ lì gǔ lì 集体jí tǐ jí tǐ 诉讼sù sòng sù sòng 资助zī zhù zī zhù 而ér ér 做zuò zuò 的de de [[ [ 33 3 ]] ] 。。 。
The government accelerated regulation ahead of evidence. 5. **Policy reversal was temporary**: The Full Federal Court overturned the legal basis for the 2020 regulations in June 2022 in **LCM Funding Pty Ltd v Stanwell Corporation Limited** [2022] FCAFC 103, finding that the earlier Court decision in Brookfield Multiplex was "plainly wrong" and that litigation funding schemes are not managed investment schemes [5].
22 2 .. . ** * ** * 这是zhè shì zhè shì 成功chéng gōng chéng gōng 的de de 政策zhèng cè zhèng cè ** * ** * :: : 这一zhè yī zhè yī 免除miǎn chú miǎn chú 导致dǎo zhì dǎo zhì 集体jí tǐ jí tǐ 诉讼sù sòng sù sòng 活动huó dòng huó dòng 显著xiǎn zhù xiǎn zhù 增长zēng zhǎng zēng zhǎng ,, , 特别tè bié tè bié 是shì shì 第三方dì sān fāng dì sān fāng 资助zī zhù zī zhù 的de de 集体jí tǐ jí tǐ 诉讼sù sòng sù sòng ,, , 为wèi wèi 个人gè rén gè rén 追究zhuī jiū zhuī jiū 企业qǐ yè qǐ yè 责任zé rèn zé rèn 创造chuàng zào chuàng zào 了le le 机会jī huì jī huì ,, , 而ér ér 无需wú xū wú xū 承担chéng dān chéng dān 个人gè rén gè rén 财务cái wù cái wù 风险fēng xiǎn fēng xiǎn [[ [ 44 4 ]] ] 。。 。
The newly elected Labor government subsequently wound back the regulations [5].
33 3 .. . ** * ** * CoalitionCoalition Coalition 反转fǎn zhuǎn fǎn zhuǎn 了le le LaborLabor Labor 的de de 去qù qù 规管化guī guǎn huà guī guǎn huà ** * ** * :: : 而ér ér 非fēi fēi 继续jì xù jì xù LaborLabor Labor 亲qīn qīn 司法sī fǎ sī fǎ 渠道qú dào qú dào 的de de 政策zhèng cè zhèng cè ,, , CoalitionCoalition Coalition 在zài zài 20202020 2020 年nián nián 重新chóng xīn chóng xīn 引入yǐn rù yǐn rù 监管jiān guǎn jiān guǎn 要求yāo qiú yāo qiú ,, , 有效yǒu xiào yǒu xiào 地dì dì 恢复huī fù huī fù 了le le LaborLabor Labor 已yǐ yǐ 移除yí chú yí chú 的de de 负担fù dān fù dān [[ [ 33 3 ]] ] 。。 。
44 4 .. . ** * ** * 法规fǎ guī fǎ guī 在zài zài 证据zhèng jù zhèng jù 收集shōu jí shōu jí 之前zhī qián zhī qián 就jiù jiù 已yǐ yǐ 实施shí shī shí shī ** * ** * :: : 关键guān jiàn guān jiàn 的de de 是shì shì ,, , 国会guó huì guó huì 公司法gōng sī fǎ gōng sī fǎ 和hé hé 金融服务jīn róng fú wù jīn róng fú wù 联合lián hé lián hé 委员会wěi yuán huì wěi yuán huì 仍réng réng 在zài zài 调查diào chá diào chá 这一zhè yī zhè yī 问题wèn tí wèn tí ,, , 其qí qí 报告bào gào bào gào 定于dìng yú dìng yú 20202020 2020 年nián nián 88 8 月yuè yuè 实施shí shī shí shī 日期rì qī rì qī 之后zhī hòu zhī hòu 数月shù yuè shù yuè 提交tí jiāo tí jiāo [[ [ 22 2 ]] ] 。。 。
政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 在zài zài 证据zhèng jù zhèng jù 之前zhī qián zhī qián 加速jiā sù jiā sù 了le le 监管jiān guǎn jiān guǎn 。。 。
55 5 .. . ** * ** * 政策zhèng cè zhèng cè 反转fǎn zhuǎn fǎn zhuǎn 是shì shì 暂时zàn shí zàn shí 的de de ** * ** * :: : 20222022 2022 年nián nián 66 6 月yuè yuè ,, , 联邦lián bāng lián bāng 法院fǎ yuàn fǎ yuàn 全庭quán tíng quán tíng 在zài zài ** * ** * LCMLCM LCM FundingFunding Funding PtyPty Pty LtdLtd Ltd vv v StanwellStanwell Stanwell CorporationCorporation Corporation LimitedLimited Limited ** * ** * [[ [ 20222022 2022 ]] ] FCAFCFCAFC FCAFC 103103 103 案件àn jiàn àn jiàn 中zhōng zhōng 推翻tuī fān tuī fān 了le le 20202020 2020 年nián nián 法规fǎ guī fǎ guī 的de de 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 基础jī chǔ jī chǔ ,, , 认定rèn dìng rèn dìng 先前xiān qián xiān qián 的de de BrookfieldBrookfield Brookfield MultiplexMultiplex Multiplex 法院fǎ yuàn fǎ yuàn 裁决cái jué cái jué ““ “ 明显míng xiǎn míng xiǎn 错误cuò wù cuò wù ”” ” ,, , 诉讼sù sòng sù sòng 资助zī zhù zī zhù 计划jì huà jì huà 并非bìng fēi bìng fēi 管理guǎn lǐ guǎn lǐ 投资tóu zī tóu zī 计划jì huà jì huà [[ [ 55 5 ]] ] 。。 。
新xīn xīn 当选dāng xuǎn dāng xuǎn 的de de LaborLabor Labor 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 随后suí hòu suí hòu 收紧shōu jǐn shōu jǐn 了le le 这些zhè xiē zhè xiē 法规fǎ guī fǎ guī [[ [ 55 5 ]] ] 。。 。

来源可信度评估

原始yuán shǐ yuán shǐ 来源lái yuán lái yuán (( ( 20202020 2020 年nián nián 88 8 月yuè yuè ABCABC ABC NewsNews News 文章wén zhāng wén zhāng )) ) 是shì shì 一家yī jiā yī jiā 声誉shēng yù shēng yù 良好liáng hǎo liáng hǎo 的de de 主流zhǔ liú zhǔ liú 新闻媒体xīn wén méi tǐ xīn wén méi tǐ ,, , 准确zhǔn què zhǔn què 报道bào dào bào dào 了le le 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 的de de 政策zhèng cè zhèng cè 宣布xuān bù xuān bù ,, , 并bìng bìng 包含bāo hán bāo hán 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 专业人士zhuān yè rén shì zhuān yè rén shì 表达biǎo dá biǎo dá 担忧dān yōu dān yōu 的de de 观点guān diǎn guān diǎn [[ [ 22 2 ]] ] 。。 。
The original source (ABC News article from August 2020) is a reputable mainstream news outlet that accurately reported the government's policy announcement and included perspectives from legal professionals expressing concerns [2].
ABCABC ABC 通常tōng cháng tōng cháng 被bèi bèi 认为rèn wéi rèn wéi 在zài zài 事实shì shí shì shí 报道bào dào bào dào 方面fāng miàn fāng miàn 可靠kě kào kě kào ,, , 尽管jǐn guǎn jǐn guǎn 像xiàng xiàng 所有suǒ yǒu suǒ yǒu 新闻来源xīn wén lái yuán xīn wén lái yuán 一样yī yàng yī yàng ,, , 编辑biān jí biān jí 选择xuǎn zé xuǎn zé 包括bāo kuò bāo kuò 哪些nǎ xiē nǎ xiē 声音shēng yīn shēng yīn 会huì huì 影响yǐng xiǎng yǐng xiǎng 框架kuāng jià kuāng jià 。。 。
The ABC is generally considered reliable for factual reporting, though like all news sources, editorial choices about which voices to include affect framing.
该gāi gāi 文章wén zhāng wén zhāng 适当shì dàng shì dàng 引用yǐn yòng yǐn yòng 了le le 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 理由lǐ yóu lǐ yóu (( ( 财长cái zhǎng cái zhǎng FrydenbergFrydenberg Frydenberg 关于guān yú guān yú 监管jiān guǎn jiān guǎn 监督jiān dū jiān dū 的de de 论述lùn shù lùn shù )) ) 和hé hé 律师lǜ shī lǜ shī 的de de 专业zhuān yè zhuān yè 担忧dān yōu dān yōu (( ( TomTom Tom MarlandMarland Marland 关于guān yú guān yú 司法sī fǎ sī fǎ 渠道qú dào qú dào 影响yǐng xiǎng yǐng xiǎng )) ) [[ [ 22 2 ]] ] 。。 。
The article appropriately quotes both government justification (Treasurer Frydenberg on regulatory oversight) and professional concerns from lawyers (Tom Marland on access to justice impacts) [2].
报道bào dào bào dào 在zài zài 呈现chéng xiàn chéng xiàn 监管jiān guǎn jiān guǎn 变更biàn gēng biàn gēng 的de de 多种duō zhǒng duō zhǒng 观点guān diǎn guān diǎn 方面fāng miàn fāng miàn 似乎sì hū sì hū 是shì shì 平衡píng héng píng héng 的de de 。。 。
The reporting appears balanced in presenting multiple perspectives on the regulatory change.
⚖️

工党对比

** * ** * LaborLabor Labor 是否shì fǒu shì fǒu 做过zuò guò zuò guò 类似lèi sì lèi sì 的de de 事情shì qíng shì qíng ?? ?
**Did Labor do something similar?** This is where the claim's logic breaks down.
** * ** *
Labor did not create red tape on litigation funding—Labor removed it.
这zhè zhè 正是zhèng shì zhèng shì 该gāi gāi 声明shēng míng shēng míng 逻辑luó jí luó jí 崩溃bēng kuì bēng kuì 的de de 地方dì fāng dì fāng 。。 。
When faced with the same regulatory situation, the Labor government took the opposite approach: - **2009**: Federal Court ruled litigation funding was a managed investment scheme requiring regulation (Brookfield Multiplex decision) [3] - **Labor's response (2009-2010)**: Quickly introduced exemptions to remove regulatory burden on litigation funders, explicitly to promote access to justice [3] - **Coalition's response (2020)**: Reintroduced the regulatory burden that Labor had removed [3] The Coalition government did not introduce new red tape by their own initiative—they reversed a Labor deregulation.
LaborLabor Labor 并bìng bìng 没有méi yǒu méi yǒu 创建chuàng jiàn chuàng jiàn 关于guān yú guān yú 诉讼sù sòng sù sòng 资助zī zhù zī zhù 的de de 繁琐fán suǒ fán suǒ 规章guī zhāng guī zhāng —— — —— — LaborLabor Labor 移yí yí 除了chú le chú le 它tā tā 。。 。
This is a critical factual distinction that makes the claim's internal inconsistency argument more complex than presented [4].
当dāng dāng 面临miàn lín miàn lín 相同xiāng tóng xiāng tóng 的de de 监管jiān guǎn jiān guǎn 情况qíng kuàng qíng kuàng 时shí shí ,, , LaborLabor Labor 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 采取cǎi qǔ cǎi qǔ 了le le 相反xiāng fǎn xiāng fǎn 的de de 方法fāng fǎ fāng fǎ :: :
-- - ** * ** * 20092009 2009 年nián nián ** * ** * :: : 联邦lián bāng lián bāng 法院fǎ yuàn fǎ yuàn 裁定cái dìng cái dìng 诉讼sù sòng sù sòng 资助zī zhù zī zhù 属于shǔ yú shǔ yú 需要xū yào xū yào 监管jiān guǎn jiān guǎn 的de de 管理guǎn lǐ guǎn lǐ 投资tóu zī tóu zī 计划jì huà jì huà (( ( BrookfieldBrookfield Brookfield MultiplexMultiplex Multiplex 裁决cái jué cái jué )) ) [[ [ 33 3 ]] ]
-- - ** * ** * LaborLabor Labor 的de de 响应xiǎng yìng xiǎng yìng (( ( 20092009 2009 -- - 20102010 2010 年nián nián )) ) ** * ** * :: : 快速kuài sù kuài sù 引入yǐn rù yǐn rù 免除miǎn chú miǎn chú 条款tiáo kuǎn tiáo kuǎn ,, , 移除yí chú yí chú 诉讼sù sòng sù sòng 资助zī zhù zī zhù 商shāng shāng 的de de 监管jiān guǎn jiān guǎn 负担fù dān fù dān ,, , 明确míng què míng què 为了wèi le wèi le 促进cù jìn cù jìn 司法sī fǎ sī fǎ 渠道qú dào qú dào [[ [ 33 3 ]] ]
-- - ** * ** * CoalitionCoalition Coalition 的de de 响应xiǎng yìng xiǎng yìng (( ( 20202020 2020 年nián nián )) ) ** * ** * :: : 重新chóng xīn chóng xīn 引入yǐn rù yǐn rù LaborLabor Labor 已yǐ yǐ 移除yí chú yí chú 的de de 监管jiān guǎn jiān guǎn 负担fù dān fù dān [[ [ 33 3 ]] ]
CoalitionCoalition Coalition 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 并非bìng fēi bìng fēi 通过tōng guò tōng guò 自己zì jǐ zì jǐ 的de de 主动性zhǔ dòng xìng zhǔ dòng xìng 引入yǐn rù yǐn rù 新xīn xīn 的de de 繁琐fán suǒ fán suǒ 规章guī zhāng guī zhāng —— — —— — 他们tā men tā men 撤销chè xiāo chè xiāo 了le le LaborLabor Labor 的de de 去qù qù 规管化guī guǎn huà guī guǎn huà 。。 。
这是zhè shì zhè shì 一个yí gè yí gè 关键guān jiàn guān jiàn 的de de 事实shì shí shì shí 区别qū bié qū bié ,, , 使shǐ shǐ 声明shēng míng shēng míng 的de de 内部nèi bù nèi bù 一致性yí zhì xìng yí zhì xìng 论点lùn diǎn lùn diǎn 比所bǐ suǒ bǐ suǒ 呈现chéng xiàn chéng xiàn 的de de 更为gèng wéi gèng wéi 复杂fù zá fù zá [[ [ 44 4 ]] ] 。。 。
🌐

平衡视角

** * ** * 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 的de de 理由lǐ yóu lǐ yóu :: : ** * ** *
**The government's rationale:** The Coalition government justified the 2020 regulations as necessary consumer protection.
CoalitionCoalition Coalition 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 将jiāng jiāng 20202020 2020 年nián nián 法规fǎ guī fǎ guī 视为shì wèi shì wèi 必要bì yào bì yào 的de de 消费者xiāo fèi zhě xiāo fèi zhě 保护bǎo hù bǎo hù 。。 。
Treasurer Frydenberg argued that litigation funders operating as "managed investment schemes" should face the same regulatory scrutiny as other financial services providers, citing the need for transparency and accountability [2].
财长cái zhǎng cái zhǎng FrydenbergFrydenberg Frydenberg 认为rèn wéi rèn wéi ,, , 作为zuò wéi zuò wéi ““ “ 管理guǎn lǐ guǎn lǐ 投资tóu zī tóu zī 计划jì huà jì huà ”” ” 运营yùn yíng yùn yíng 的de de 诉讼sù sòng sù sòng 资助zī zhù zī zhù 商shāng shāng 应该yīng gāi yīng gāi 面临miàn lín miàn lín 与yǔ yǔ 其他qí tā qí tā 金融jīn róng jīn róng 服务提供商fú wù tí gōng shāng fú wù tí gōng shāng 相同xiāng tóng xiāng tóng 的de de 监管jiān guǎn jiān guǎn 审查shěn chá shěn chá ,, , 引用yǐn yòng yǐn yòng 了le le 对duì duì 透明度tòu míng dù tòu míng dù 和hé hé 责任制zé rèn zhì zé rèn zhì 的de de 需要xū yào xū yào [[ [ 22 2 ]] ] 。。 。
This represents a legitimate regulatory philosophy—treating similar financial activities similarly. **The legal/professional concerns:** Legal professionals, including rural lawyers like Tom Marland, genuinely feared the regulations would restrict class action activity by creating compliance costs that would particularly burden smaller litigation funders serving smaller communities [2].
这zhè zhè 代表dài biǎo dài biǎo 了le le 一种yī zhǒng yī zhǒng 合法hé fǎ hé fǎ 的de de 监管jiān guǎn jiān guǎn 理念lǐ niàn lǐ niàn —— — —— — 对duì duì 类似lèi sì lèi sì 的de de 金融jīn róng jīn róng 活动huó dòng huó dòng 进行jìn xíng jìn xíng 类似lèi sì lèi sì 对待duì dài duì dài 。。 。
This concern has historical support: the original Brookfield Multiplex regulation in 2009 created significant uncertainty, which Labor resolved through exemptions [3]. **The actual impact:** The practical impact was relatively short-lived.
** * ** * 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ // / 专业zhuān yè zhuān yè 担忧dān yōu dān yōu :: : ** * ** *
The regulations were implemented in August 2020 but were effectively overturned in June 2022 when the Full Federal Court determined the legal basis was faulty—Brookfield Multiplex was "plainly wrong" [5].
法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 专业人士zhuān yè rén shì zhuān yè rén shì ,, , 包括bāo kuò bāo kuò 像xiàng xiàng TomTom Tom MarlandMarland Marland 这样zhè yàng zhè yàng 的de de 乡村xiāng cūn xiāng cūn 律师lǜ shī lǜ shī ,, , 真正zhēn zhèng zhēn zhèng 担心dān xīn dān xīn 这些zhè xiē zhè xiē 法规fǎ guī fǎ guī 会huì huì 通过tōng guò tōng guò 创造chuàng zào chuàng zào 合规hé guī hé guī 成本chéng běn chéng běn 来lái lái 限制xiàn zhì xiàn zhì 集体jí tǐ jí tǐ 诉讼sù sòng sù sòng 活动huó dòng huó dòng ,, , 这些zhè xiē zhè xiē 成本chéng běn chéng běn 将jiāng jiāng 特别tè bié tè bié 负担fù dān fù dān 服务fú wù fú wù 小xiǎo xiǎo 社区shè qū shè qū 的de de 较jiào jiào 小xiǎo xiǎo 诉讼sù sòng sù sòng 资助zī zhù zī zhù 商shāng shāng [[ [ 22 2 ]] ] 。。 。
By June 2022, the newly elected Labor government was already signaling it would wind back the regulations, which became unnecessary after the court decision [5]. **The consistency issue:** The claim that this contradicts Coalition values regarding deregulation has merit, but requires context: 1.
这种zhè zhǒng zhè zhǒng 担忧dān yōu dān yōu 有yǒu yǒu 历史lì shǐ lì shǐ 依据yī jù yī jù :: : 20092009 2009 年nián nián 原始yuán shǐ yuán shǐ 的de de BrookfieldBrookfield Brookfield MultiplexMultiplex Multiplex 监管jiān guǎn jiān guǎn 创造chuàng zào chuàng zào 了le le 重大zhòng dà zhòng dà 不确定性bù què dìng xìng bù què dìng xìng ,, , LaborLabor Labor 通过tōng guò tōng guò 免除miǎn chú miǎn chú 条款tiáo kuǎn tiáo kuǎn 解决jiě jué jiě jué 了le le 这个zhè ge zhè ge 问题wèn tí wèn tí [[ [ 33 3 ]] ] 。。 。
The Coalition did not introduce novel red tape—they reversed Labor's deregulation 2.
** * ** * 实际shí jì shí jì 影响yǐng xiǎng yǐng xiǎng :: : ** * ** *
However, given that class actions are a recognized "free market mechanism" for corporate accountability (as the claim notes), the decision to reregulate funding sources does appear to contradict stated deregulatory values 3.
实际shí jì shí jì 影响yǐng xiǎng yǐng xiǎng 相对xiāng duì xiāng duì 短暂duǎn zàn duǎn zàn 。。 。
The regulation was presented as financial services regulation (ASIC oversight) rather than litigation regulation, which provided an alternative justification 4.
20202020 2020 年nián nián 88 8 月yuè yuè 实施shí shī shí shī 的de de 法规fǎ guī fǎ guī 在zài zài 20222022 2022 年nián nián 66 6 月yuè yuè 被bèi bèi 有效yǒu xiào yǒu xiào 取代qǔ dài qǔ dài ,, , 当时dāng shí dāng shí 联邦lián bāng lián bāng 法院fǎ yuàn fǎ yuàn 全庭quán tíng quán tíng 认定rèn dìng rèn dìng 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 基础jī chǔ jī chǔ 有yǒu yǒu 问题wèn tí wèn tí —— — —— — BrookfieldBrookfield Brookfield MultiplexMultiplex Multiplex ““ “ 明显míng xiǎn míng xiǎn 错误cuò wù cuò wù ”” ” [[ [ 55 5 ]] ] 。。 。
The regulatory burden created by the 2020 changes proved temporary and was reversed by court decision within two years **Comparative analysis:** When faced with the same regulatory challenge (Brookfield Multiplex court decision), Labor chose deregulation (exemptions), while the Coalition chose reregulation.
到dào dào 20222022 2022 年nián nián 66 6 月yuè yuè ,, , 新xīn xīn 当选dāng xuǎn dāng xuǎn 的de de LaborLabor Labor 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 已经yǐ jīng yǐ jīng 表示biǎo shì biǎo shì 将jiāng jiāng 收紧shōu jǐn shōu jǐn 这些zhè xiē zhè xiē 法规fǎ guī fǎ guī ,, , 在zài zài 法院fǎ yuàn fǎ yuàn 裁决cái jué cái jué 后hòu hòu 这些zhè xiē zhè xiē 法规fǎ guī fǎ guī 已yǐ yǐ 不再bù zài bù zài 必要bì yào bì yào [[ [ 55 5 ]] ] 。。 。
This represents a genuine policy difference between the parties, not a case of the Coalition introducing novel red tape contrary to values—rather, it's the Coalition reversing Labor's pro-deregulation position.
** * ** * 一致性yí zhì xìng yí zhì xìng 问题wèn tí wèn tí :: : ** * ** *
The claim's broader point—that the Coalition's regulation of litigation funding contradicts stated values about slashing red tape and relying on market mechanisms—is not without merit, though the historical context shows Labor had already solved this problem through deregulation, which the Coalition chose to reverse.
声称shēng chēng shēng chēng 这一zhè yī zhè yī 举动jǔ dòng jǔ dòng 与yǔ yǔ CoalitionCoalition Coalition 关于guān yú guān yú 减少jiǎn shǎo jiǎn shǎo 繁琐fán suǒ fán suǒ 规章guī zhāng guī zhāng 的de de 声称shēng chēng shēng chēng 价值jià zhí jià zhí 相xiāng xiāng 矛盾máo dùn máo dùn 有yǒu yǒu 一定yí dìng yí dìng 道理dào lǐ dào lǐ ,, , 但dàn dàn 需要xū yào xū yào 背景bèi jǐng bèi jǐng :: :
11 1 .. . CoalitionCoalition Coalition 并bìng bìng 没有méi yǒu méi yǒu 引入yǐn rù yǐn rù 新题xīn tí xīn tí 的de de 繁琐fán suǒ fán suǒ 规章guī zhāng guī zhāng —— — —— — 他们tā men tā men 反转fǎn zhuǎn fǎn zhuǎn 了le le LaborLabor Labor 的de de 去qù qù 规管化guī guǎn huà guī guǎn huà
22 2 .. . 然而rán ér rán ér ,, , 给定gěi dìng gěi dìng 集体jí tǐ jí tǐ 诉讼sù sòng sù sòng 是shì shì 企业qǐ yè qǐ yè 责任zé rèn zé rèn 的de de 认定rèn dìng rèn dìng ““ “ 自由市场zì yóu shì chǎng zì yóu shì chǎng 机制jī zhì jī zhì ”” ” (( ( 如rú rú 声明shēng míng shēng míng 所述suǒ shù suǒ shù )) ) ,, , 通过tōng guò tōng guò 监管jiān guǎn jiān guǎn 来lái lái 限制xiàn zhì xiàn zhì 诉讼sù sòng sù sòng 资助zī zhù zī zhù 渠道qú dào qú dào 的de de 决定jué dìng jué dìng 确实què shí què shí 似乎sì hū sì hū 与yǔ yǔ 声称shēng chēng shēng chēng 的de de 去qù qù 规管化guī guǎn huà guī guǎn huà 价值jià zhí jià zhí 相xiāng xiāng 矛盾máo dùn máo dùn
33 3 .. . 该gāi gāi 监管jiān guǎn jiān guǎn 被bèi bèi 提出tí chū tí chū 作为zuò wéi zuò wéi 金融服务jīn róng fú wù jīn róng fú wù 监管jiān guǎn jiān guǎn (( ( ASICASIC ASIC 监督jiān dū jiān dū )) ) 而ér ér 非诉讼fēi sù sòng fēi sù sòng 监管jiān guǎn jiān guǎn ,, , 这zhè zhè 提供tí gōng tí gōng 了le le 另lìng lìng 一种yī zhǒng yī zhǒng 理由lǐ yóu lǐ yóu
44 4 .. . 20202020 2020 年nián nián 变更biàn gēng biàn gēng 创造chuàng zào chuàng zào 的de de 监管jiān guǎn jiān guǎn 负担fù dān fù dān 证明zhèng míng zhèng míng 是shì shì 暂时zàn shí zàn shí 的de de ,, , 在zài zài 两年liǎng nián liǎng nián 内nèi nèi 被bèi bèi 法院fǎ yuàn fǎ yuàn 裁决cái jué cái jué 取代qǔ dài qǔ dài
** * ** * 比较bǐ jiào bǐ jiào 分析fēn xī fēn xī :: : ** * ** *
当dāng dāng 面临miàn lín miàn lín 相同xiāng tóng xiāng tóng 的de de 监管jiān guǎn jiān guǎn 挑战tiǎo zhàn tiǎo zhàn (( ( BrookfieldBrookfield Brookfield MultiplexMultiplex Multiplex 法院fǎ yuàn fǎ yuàn 裁决cái jué cái jué )) ) 时shí shí ,, , LaborLabor Labor 选择xuǎn zé xuǎn zé 了le le 去qù qù 规管化guī guǎn huà guī guǎn huà (( ( 免除miǎn chú miǎn chú )) ) ,, , 而ér ér CoalitionCoalition Coalition 选择xuǎn zé xuǎn zé 了le le 再zài zài 规管化guī guǎn huà guī guǎn huà 。。 。
这zhè zhè 代表dài biǎo dài biǎo 了le le 两党liǎng dǎng liǎng dǎng 之间zhī jiān zhī jiān 真正zhēn zhèng zhēn zhèng 的de de 政策zhèng cè zhèng cè 差异chā yì chā yì ,, , 而ér ér 非fēi fēi CoalitionCoalition Coalition 引入yǐn rù yǐn rù 与yǔ yǔ 价值观jià zhí guān jià zhí guān 相反xiāng fǎn xiāng fǎn 的de de 新xīn xīn 繁琐fán suǒ fán suǒ 规章guī zhāng guī zhāng 的de de 情况qíng kuàng qíng kuàng —— — —— — 相反xiāng fǎn xiāng fǎn ,, , 这是zhè shì zhè shì CoalitionCoalition Coalition 反转fǎn zhuǎn fǎn zhuǎn 了le le LaborLabor Labor 的de de 亲去qīn qù qīn qù 规管化guī guǎn huà guī guǎn huà 立场lì chǎng lì chǎng 。。 。
声明shēng míng shēng míng 的de de 更gèng gèng 广泛guǎng fàn guǎng fàn 论点lùn diǎn lùn diǎn —— — —— — 即jí jí CoalitionCoalition Coalition 对duì duì 诉讼sù sòng sù sòng 资助zī zhù zī zhù 的de de 监管jiān guǎn jiān guǎn 与其yǔ qí yǔ qí 关于guān yú guān yú 削减xuē jiǎn xuē jiǎn 繁琐fán suǒ fán suǒ 规章guī zhāng guī zhāng 和hé hé 依赖yī lài yī lài 市场机制shì chǎng jī zhì shì chǎng jī zhì 的de de 声称shēng chēng shēng chēng 价值jià zhí jià zhí 相xiāng xiāng 矛盾máo dùn máo dùn —— — —— — 并非bìng fēi bìng fēi 毫无道理háo wú dào lǐ háo wú dào lǐ ,, , 尽管jǐn guǎn jǐn guǎn 历史背景lì shǐ bèi jǐng lì shǐ bèi jǐng 显示xiǎn shì xiǎn shì LaborLabor Labor 已经yǐ jīng yǐ jīng 通过tōng guò tōng guò 去qù qù 规管化guī guǎn huà guī guǎn huà 解决jiě jué jiě jué 了le le 这个zhè ge zhè ge 问题wèn tí wèn tí ,, , 而ér ér CoalitionCoalition Coalition 选择xuǎn zé xuǎn zé 了le le 反转fǎn zhuǎn fǎn zhuǎn 。。 。

部分属实

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CoalitionCoalition Coalition 确实què shí què shí 引入yǐn rù yǐn rù 了le le 影响yǐng xiǎng yǐng xiǎng 诉讼sù sòng sù sòng 资助zī zhù zī zhù 的de de 监管jiān guǎn jiān guǎn 规定guī dìng guī dìng ,, , 增加zēng jiā zēng jiā 了le le 合规hé guī hé guī 要求yāo qiú yāo qiú 和hé hé 通过tōng guò tōng guò ASICASIC ASIC 进行jìn xíng jìn xíng 的de de 监管jiān guǎn jiān guǎn 审查shěn chá shěn chá ,, , 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 专业人士zhuān yè rén shì zhuān yè rén shì 有力yǒu lì yǒu lì 地dì dì 认为rèn wéi rèn wéi 这zhè zhè 将jiāng jiāng 限制xiàn zhì xiàn zhì 集体jí tǐ jí tǐ 诉讼sù sòng sù sòng 活动huó dòng huó dòng [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] [[ [ 22 2 ]] ] 。。 。
The Coalition did introduce regulations on litigation funding that added compliance requirements and regulatory scrutiny through ASIC, which legal professionals credibly argued would restrict class action activity [1][2].
然而rán ér rán ér ,, , 该gāi gāi 声明shēng míng shēng míng 的de de 框架kuāng jià kuāng jià 是shì shì 不bù bù 完整wán zhěng wán zhěng 的de de ,, , 有yǒu yǒu 一定yí dìng yí dìng 的de de 误导性wù dǎo xìng wù dǎo xìng :: :
However, the claim's framing is incomplete and somewhat misleading: 1. **The "red tape" claim is accurate** - The 2020 regulations did impose additional regulatory burden on litigation funders through AFSL requirements and managed investment scheme compliance [1]. 2. **But historical context matters** - These regulations reinstated requirements that Labor had explicitly removed in the post-2009 period to promote access to justice [3].
11 1 .. . ** * ** * ““ “ 繁琐fán suǒ fán suǒ 规章guī zhāng guī zhāng ”” ” 的de de 声称shēng chēng shēng chēng 是shì shì 准确zhǔn què zhǔn què 的de de ** * ** * -- - 20202020 2020 年nián nián 法规fǎ guī fǎ guī 确实què shí què shí 通过tōng guò tōng guò AFSLAFSL AFSL 要求yāo qiú yāo qiú 和hé hé 管理guǎn lǐ guǎn lǐ 投资tóu zī tóu zī 计划jì huà jì huà 合规hé guī hé guī 对duì duì 诉讼sù sòng sù sòng 资助zī zhù zī zhù 商shāng shāng 施加shī jiā shī jiā 了le le 额外é wài é wài 的de de 监管jiān guǎn jiān guǎn 负担fù dān fù dān [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] 。。 。
The Coalition did not introduce novel red tape; they reversed Labor's deregulation [3]. 3. **The consistency criticism has merit** - If class actions are recognized as "free market solutions" to corporate accountability (as the claim states), then restricting access to litigation funding through regulation could be seen as contradicting deregulatory values [1][2]. 4. **The impact was time-limited** - The regulations proved problematic and were effectively superseded within two years when the Federal Court overturned the legal basis for them in 2022 [5].
22 2 .. . ** * ** * 但dàn dàn 历史背景lì shǐ bèi jǐng lì shǐ bèi jǐng 很hěn hěn 重要zhòng yào zhòng yào ** * ** * -- - 这些zhè xiē zhè xiē 法规fǎ guī fǎ guī 恢复huī fù huī fù 了le le LaborLabor Labor 在zài zài 20092009 2009 年nián nián 后期hòu qī hòu qī 为wèi wèi 促进cù jìn cù jìn 司法sī fǎ sī fǎ 渠道qú dào qú dào 而ér ér 明确míng què míng què 移除yí chú yí chú 的de de 要求yāo qiú yāo qiú [[ [ 33 3 ]] ] 。。 。
The fundamental tension is real: the Coalition did reregulate litigation funding in a way that contradicts stated values about cutting red tape.
CoalitionCoalition Coalition 并非bìng fēi bìng fēi 引入yǐn rù yǐn rù 新xīn xīn 的de de 繁琐fán suǒ fán suǒ 规章guī zhāng guī zhāng ;; ; 他们tā men tā men 反转fǎn zhuǎn fǎn zhuǎn 了le le LaborLabor Labor 的de de 去qù qù 规管化guī guǎn huà guī guǎn huà [[ [ 33 3 ]] ] 。。 。
However, this required reversing Labor's prior deregulation choice, not creating new red tape from whole cloth.
33 3 .. . ** * ** * 一致性yí zhì xìng yí zhì xìng 批评pī píng pī píng 有yǒu yǒu 一定yí dìng yí dìng 道理dào lǐ dào lǐ ** * ** * -- - 如果rú guǒ rú guǒ 集体jí tǐ jí tǐ 诉讼sù sòng sù sòng 被bèi bèi 认为rèn wéi rèn wéi 是shì shì 企业qǐ yè qǐ yè 责任zé rèn zé rèn 的de de ““ “ 自由市场zì yóu shì chǎng zì yóu shì chǎng 机制jī zhì jī zhì ”” ” (( ( 如rú rú 声明shēng míng shēng míng 所suǒ suǒ 指出zhǐ chū zhǐ chū 的de de )) ) ,, , 那么nà me nà me 通过tōng guò tōng guò 监管jiān guǎn jiān guǎn 来lái lái 限制xiàn zhì xiàn zhì 诉讼sù sòng sù sòng 资助zī zhù zī zhù 渠道qú dào qú dào 的de de 决定jué dìng jué dìng 确实què shí què shí 似乎sì hū sì hū 与yǔ yǔ 去qù qù 规管化guī guǎn huà guī guǎn huà 价值观jià zhí guān jià zhí guān 相xiāng xiāng 矛盾máo dùn máo dùn [[ [ 11 1 ]] ] [[ [ 22 2 ]] ] 。。 。
The claim would be more accurate if it stated: "Reversed Labor's deregulation of litigation funding by reintroducing regulatory requirements," which more precisely describes what occurred.
44 4 .. . ** * ** * 影响yǐng xiǎng yǐng xiǎng 是shì shì 有限yǒu xiàn yǒu xiàn 的de de ** * ** * -- - 这些zhè xiē zhè xiē 法规fǎ guī fǎ guī 被bèi bèi 证明zhèng míng zhèng míng 是shì shì 有yǒu yǒu 问题wèn tí wèn tí 的de de ,, , 并于bìng yú bìng yú 20222022 2022 年nián nián 66 6 月yuè yuè 被bèi bèi 联邦lián bāng lián bāng 法院fǎ yuàn fǎ yuàn 推翻tuī fān tuī fān 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 基础jī chǔ jī chǔ 后hòu hòu 有效yǒu xiào yǒu xiào 取代qǔ dài qǔ dài [[ [ 55 5 ]] ] 。。 。
基本矛盾jī běn máo dùn jī běn máo dùn 是shì shì 实实在在shí shí zài zài shí shí zài zài 的de de :: : CoalitionCoalition Coalition 确实què shí què shí 以yǐ yǐ 与其yǔ qí yǔ qí 关于guān yú guān yú 削减xuē jiǎn xuē jiǎn 繁琐fán suǒ fán suǒ 规章guī zhāng guī zhāng 的de de 声称shēng chēng shēng chēng 价值jià zhí jià zhí 相xiāng xiāng 矛盾máo dùn máo dùn 的de de 方式fāng shì fāng shì 重新chóng xīn chóng xīn 监管jiān guǎn jiān guǎn 了le le 诉讼sù sòng sù sòng 资助zī zhù zī zhù 。。 。
然而rán ér rán ér ,, , 这zhè zhè 需要xū yào xū yào 撤销chè xiāo chè xiāo LaborLabor Labor 之前zhī qián zhī qián 的de de 去qù qù 规管化guī guǎn huà guī guǎn huà 选择xuǎn zé xuǎn zé ,, , 而ér ér 非fēi fēi 从头cóng tóu cóng tóu 创建chuàng jiàn chuàng jiàn 新xīn xīn 的de de 繁琐fán suǒ fán suǒ 规章guī zhāng guī zhāng 。。 。
如果rú guǒ rú guǒ 声明shēng míng shēng míng 表述biǎo shù biǎo shù 为wèi wèi :: : ““ “ 通过tōng guò tōng guò 重新chóng xīn chóng xīn 引入yǐn rù yǐn rù 监管jiān guǎn jiān guǎn 要求yāo qiú yāo qiú 撤销chè xiāo chè xiāo 了le le LaborLabor Labor 对duì duì 诉讼sù sòng sù sòng 资助zī zhù zī zhù 的de de 去qù qù 规管化guī guǎn huà guī guǎn huà ,, , ”” ” 这zhè zhè 将jiāng jiāng 更gèng gèng 精确jīng què jīng què 地dì dì 描述miáo shù miáo shù 所suǒ suǒ 发生fā shēng fā shēng 的de de 事情shì qíng shì qíng 。。 。

📚 来源与引用 (4)

  1. 1
    Fears class actions will be deterred under new funding regulations

    Fears class actions will be deterred under new funding regulations

    Legal professionals fear David and Goliath-style battles in court will become more difficult with new changes to litigation funding being introduced by the Federal Government.

    Abc Net
  2. 2
    Regulation of Class Actions in Australia Revisited — Again

    Regulation of Class Actions in Australia Revisited — Again

    The Full Federal Court recently determined that third-party funded class actions are not managed investment schemes.

    Jonesday
  3. 3
    Class action funding revisited – litigation funding schemes held to not be Managed Investment Schemes

    Class action funding revisited – litigation funding schemes held to not be Managed Investment Schemes

    The Full Federal Court has held that litigation funding agreements are not 'managed investment schemes' (MIS), overturning its own more than decade-old decision in Brookfield Multiplex.

    Allens Com
  4. 4
    PDF

    The Rise and Regulation of Litigation Funding in Australian Class Actions

    Classic Austlii Edu • PDF Document

评分方法

1-3: 不实

事实错误或恶意捏造。

4-6: 部分属实

有一定真实性,但缺乏背景或有所偏颇。

7-9: 基本属实

仅有微小的技术性或措辞问题。

10: 准确

完全经过验证且客观公正。

方法论: 评分通过交叉参照政府官方记录、独立事实核查机构和原始文件确定。