C0022
Ang Claim
“Gumastos ng $18M para sa isang bagong leadership program, ibinigay sa isang organisasyon na walang staff, walang track record sa anumang bagay na may kinalaman sa leadership, may maling registered business address, nang walang normal na tender process.”
Orihinal na Pinagmulan: Matthew Davis
Orihinal na Pinagmulan
✅ FACTUAL NA BERIPIKASYON
Ang mga pangunahing katotohanan ng claim na ito ay lubos na na-verify ng mga awtoridad na pinagkukunan: **Halaga ng Pondo**: Ang Coalition government ay naglaan ng $18 million sa loob ng limang taon (2021-22 pataas) sa Australian Future Leaders Foundation sa pamamagitan ng 2022 budget, may karagdagang $4 million bawat taon pagkatapos ng period na iyon [1].
The core facts of this claim are substantially verified by authoritative sources:
**Funding Amount**: The Coalition government allocated $18 million over five years (2021-22 onwards) to the Australian Future Leaders Foundation through the 2022 budget, with an additional $4 million per year after that period [1].
Ang halagang ito ay tumpak. **Walang Staff/Opisina**: Ang mga opisyal ng Department of Prime Minister and Cabinet ay nagkumpirma sa ilalim ng Senate estimates na ang foundation ay "wala namang opisina, website o staff, maliban sa mga direktor na sina Chris Hartley at Julie at Andrew Overton" [1]. This figure is accurate.
**No Staff/Office**: Department of Prime Minister and Cabinet officials confirmed under Senate estimates that the foundation "appeared to have no office, website or staff, apart from its directors Chris Hartley and Julie and Andrew Overton" [1].
Iniulat ng ABC na ang foundation ay itinatag lamang noong Abril 2021, mahigit isang taon bago inihayag ang pondo, kaya't bago ito at walang operational history [1]. **Isyu sa Registered Address**: Ang claim tungkol sa "maling registered business address" ay bahagyang na-verify. The ABC reported the foundation was established only in April 2021, just over a year before the funding was announced, making it newly established with no operational history [1].
**Registered Address Issue**: The claim about an "incorrect registered business address" is partially verified.
Ang foundation ay nakalista ng isang Barangaroo address bilang registered office, ngunit ang address na iyon ay "kasalukuyang mina-manage ng isang law firm" [1]. The foundation listed a Barangaroo address as its registered office, but that address was "currently occupied by a law firm" [1].
Ito ay nagdudulot ng mga katanungan tungkol sa katumpakan ng registered address, bagama't ang terminong "mali" ay maaaring interpretasyon—ito ay tila isang tunay na address ngunit hindi talaga mina-manage ng foundation. **Walang Track Record**: Ang foundation ay walang public track record sa paghahatid ng mga leadership program. This raises questions about the accuracy of the registered address, though the term "incorrect" may be interpretive—it appears to be a real address but not actually occupied by the foundation.
**No Track Record**: The foundation had no public track record of delivering leadership programs.
Ang opisyal na kalihim ng Governor-General ay inamin na si Mr Hartley "ay kasali sa Commonwealth Study Conference" at "katulad na mga leadership program sa Malaysia," ngunit ang foundation mismo ay bago [1]. The Governor-General's official secretary acknowledged Mr Hartley "has been involved with the Commonwealth Study Conference" and "similar leadership programs in Malaysia," but the foundation itself was brand new [1].
Sinabi ni Senate estimates witness Senator Tim Ayres: "Wala silang ginagawang iba, hindi sila umiiral, at gayunpaman narito sila na magiging tatanggap ng $18 million na pondo" [1]. **Walang Normal na Tender Process**: Ito ay kumpirmado. Senate estimates witness Senator Tim Ayres stated: "They don't do anything else, they don't exist, and yet here they are about to be the recipients of $18 million worth of grant funding" [1].
**No Normal Tender Process**: This is confirmed.
Sinabi ng mga opisyal ng Department na "walang tender process" at sila ay "kasalukuyang nakikipag-negotiate sa foundation na iyon" [1]. Department officials stated there had been "no tender process" and that they were "currently negotiating an agreement with that foundation" [1].
Inilarawan ito ni Finance Minister Simon Birmingham bilang dumarating sa "normal na proseso ng policy proposal," ngunit kinumpirma ng mga government sources na ito ay isang "closed, non-competitive selection process" [2]. Finance Minister Simon Birmingham described it as coming through "normal policy proposal processes," but government sources confirmed it was a "closed, non-competitive selection process" [2].
Nawawalang Konteksto
Gayunpaman, ang claim ay hindi kasama ang mahalagang konteksto na nagpapaliwanag kung paano nangyari ang hindi pangkaraniwang arrangement na ito: **Pakikilahok ng Governor-General**: Ang program ay unang iminungkahi kay Governor-General David Hurley ni Chris Hartley noong 2020, at pagkatapos ay itinaas ito ng Governor-General kay noon-Prime Minister Scott Morrison [1].
However, the claim omits important context that explains how this unusual arrangement occurred:
**Governor-General's Involvement**: The program was first proposed to Governor-General David Hurley by Chris Hartley in 2020, and the Governor-General subsequently raised it with then-Prime Minister Scott Morrison [1].
Sinabi ng opisina ng Governor-General na ang disenyo "ay naimpluwensyahan ng malawak na konsultasyon sa mahigit 100 stakeholders at ito ay may suporta ng 13 university vice-chancellors" [1]. The Governor-General's office stated the design "had been informed by extensive consultation with more than 100 stakeholders and it had the support of 13 university vice-chancellors" [1].
Hindi ito nagpapawalang-sala sa kakulangan ng due diligence, ngunit nagbibigay-konteksto kung bakit ipinagpatuloy ito ng gobyerno sa kabila ng hindi pangkaraniwang kalagayan nito. **Mga Claim sa Due Diligence**: Ang Department of PMC ay nagsabi na "sumunod sa due diligence sa pagbibigay ng pondo," sinabi: "Nagsagawa kami ng iba't ibang due diligence kay Mr Hartley at sa programang iminumungkahi niyang suportahan" [1]. This doesn't excuse the lack of due diligence, but contextualizes why the government pursued it despite its unusual nature.
**Due Diligence Claims**: The Department of PMC insisted it "had followed due diligence in awarding the funding," stating: "We have done a range of due diligence on Mr Hartley and on the program he is proposing to support" [1].
Gayunpaman, ang mga opisyal ay hindi tukuyin kung ano ang nilalaman ng due diligence na ito, at itinanggi ni Senator Ayres kung ang tamang due diligence ba ay isinagawa [1]. **Internasyonal na Precedent**: Ang programa ay "batay sa ilang katulad na mga leaders forum sa ibang lugar sa Commonwealth, lalo na sa Canada at India" [1], na nagpapahiwatig na may policy template, bagama't hindi ito tinatalakay ang kakulangan ng competitive selection. **DGR Status Timeline**: Ang gobyerno ay nag-amenda din sa tax law sa December budget update upang ilista ang foundation bilang isang deductible gift recipient (DGR) na backdated hanggang Hulyo 2021, na nagbibigay-daan sa tax-deductible na mga donasyon [1]. However, officials could not specify what this due diligence entailed, and Senator Ayres questioned whether proper due diligence had actually been conducted [1].
**International Precedent**: The program was "modelled on a couple of similar leaders forums elsewhere in the Commonwealth, notably Canada and India" [1], suggesting there was a policy template, though this doesn't address the lack of competitive selection.
**DGR Status Timeline**: The government also amended tax law in the December budget update to list the foundation as a deductible gift recipient (DGR) backdated to July 2021, enabling tax-deductible donations [1].
Tinanong ng Labor kung ang proseso ng pag-apruba na ito ay mas mabilis kaysa sa karaniwan, ngunit ang department ay hindi makapagkumpirma [1]. Labor questioned whether this approval process was faster than usual, but the department could not confirm [1].
Pagsusuri ng Kredibilidad ng Pinagmulan
Ang orihinal na pinagkukunan ay ang ABC News article ni political reporter Stephanie Borys, na inilathala noong Abril 4, 2022.
The original source provided is the ABC News article by political reporter Stephanie Borys, published April 4, 2022.
Ang ABC ay ang pambansang broadcaster ng Australia na may malakas na editorial standards at itinuturing na mainstream, non-partisan na pinagkukunan [1]. The ABC is Australia's publicly funded national broadcaster and is considered a mainstream, non-partisan news source with strong editorial standards [1].
Ang ABC article ay tila nag-uulat nang factual na may balanseng attribution sa parehong government sources at opposition criticism. The ABC article appears to report factually with balanced attribution to both government sources and opposition criticism.
Ang article ay batay sa impormasyong inihayag sa Senate estimates hearings (opisyal na parliamentary proceedings), na ginagawang primary sources ang mga ito na may mataas na kredibilidad [1]. The article is based on information revealed during Senate estimates hearings (official parliamentary proceedings), making these primary sources highly credible [1].
Ang mga government official mula sa Department of PM&C ay nagbigay ng testimonya sa ilalim ng oath, na naka-record sa parliamentary Hansard. Government officials from the Department of PM&C gave evidence under oath, which is recorded in parliamentary Hansard.
Ang mga suportadong pinagkukunan ay kinabibilangan ng The New Daily (center-left ngunit mainstream Australian news outlet [2]) at Independent Australia (left-leaning advocacy outlet). Supporting sources include The New Daily (center-left but mainstream Australian news outlet [2]) and Independent Australia (left-leaning advocacy outlet).
Ang Michael West Media at Junkee sources ay partisan sa kalikasan—ang Michael West Media ay kilala para sa investigative journalism ngunit may critical stance patungo sa Coalition governance, at ang Junkee ay isang left-aligned publication. The Michael West Media and Junkee sources cited in earlier searches are partisan in nature—Michael West Media is known for investigative journalism but with a critical stance toward Coalition governance, and Junkee is a left-aligned publication.
⚖️
Paghahambing sa Labor
**May ginawa ba ang Labor na katulad?** Nagsagawa ng search: "Labor government grant funding scandal Australia no tender process" **Pink Batts Scheme (Home Insulation Program)**: Ang Rudd Labor government (2008-2010) ay nagpatupad ng Home Insulation Program bilang bahagi ng Energy Efficient Homes Package bilang tugon sa Global Financial Crisis [3].
**Did Labor do something similar?**
Search conducted: "Labor government grant funding scandal Australia no tender process"
**Pink Batts Scheme (Home Insulation Program)**: The Rudd Labor government (2008-2010) implemented the Home Insulation Program as part of the Energy Efficient Homes Package in response to the Global Financial Crisis [3].
Ang programang ito ay naging isa sa mga pinakakinatatakutang grant-related controversies sa Australia: - **Kamatayan**: Apat na manggagawa ang namatay sa panahon ng pagpapatupad ng programa, bahagi dahil sa mga mahinang safety protocol at hindi sapat na vetting ng mga contractor [3] - **Mabilis na Pagpapatupad**: Ang programa ay mabilis na ipinatupad upang mapabilis ang ekonomiya sa panahon ng GFC, na nagresulta sa mga hindi sapat na safety measures at contractor vetting [3] - **Royal Commission**: Isang Royal Commission ang nagkonklusyon na ang programa ay "fundamentally flawed" [3] - **Epekto sa Budget**: Ang programa ay nagkakahalaga ng humigit-kumulang $2.45 bilyon, na may malaking waste at problematic outcomes [3] Ang Pink Batts scheme ay nagpapakita na ang Labor government ay nagbigay din ng malaking grant funding nang walang sapat na due diligence at oversight, bagama't ang Australian Future Leaders Foundation ay hindi kasali sa mga kamatayan o fraud, na ginagawang mas mababa ito sa seriousness ng mga resulta. **School Halls Program**: Ang Rudd Labor government ay nagpatupad din ng malaking School Halls Program sa panahon ng GFC stimulus period, na nakaranas ng mga audit na nakakita ng malaking wastage at over-payments sa mga contractor, bagama't isinagawa ito sa pamamagitan ng mas pormal na procurement process kaysa sa Future Leaders Foundation [3]. **Pangunahing Pagkakaiba**: Ang mga scheme ng Labor ay mga stimulus response sa isang economic crisis at kasali ang aktwal na paghahatid (bagama't problematic), samantalang ang Australian Future Leaders Foundation ay wala pang naibibigay nang ma-fund ito. This program became one of Australia's most notorious grant-related controversies:
- **Deaths**: Four workers died during the rollout of the program, partly due to poor safety protocols and inadequate vetting of contractors [3]
- **Rushed Implementation**: The program was implemented rapidly to stimulate the economy during the GFC, resulting in inadequate safety measures and contractor vetting [3]
- **Royal Commission**: A Royal Commission concluded the program was "fundamentally flawed" [3]
- **Budget Impact**: The program cost approximately $2.45 billion, with significant waste and problematic outcomes [3]
The Pink Batts scheme demonstrates that Labor government has also awarded large grant funding without sufficient due diligence and oversight, though the Australian Future Leaders Foundation involved neither deaths nor fraud, making it less serious in outcomes.
**School Halls Program**: The Rudd Labor government also implemented a large-scale School Halls Program during the GFC stimulus period, which faced audits finding significant wastage and over-payments to contractors, though conducted through a more formal procurement process than the Future Leaders Foundation [3].
**Key Distinction**: Labor's schemes were stimulus responses to an economic crisis and involved actual delivery (albeit problematic), whereas the Australian Future Leaders Foundation had not yet delivered anything when funded.
Gayunpaman, ang pareho ay nagpapakita ng isang pattern sa iba't ibang gobyerno ng pagbibigay ng prayoridad sa mabilis na deployment kaysa sa masusing due diligence. However, both demonstrate a pattern across governments of prioritizing rapid deployment over rigorous due diligence.
🌐
Balanseng Pananaw
Bagama't ang pagpopondo sa Australian Future Leaders Foundation ay talagang problematic sa pagpapatupad nito, ang buong konteksto ay nagpapakita ng complexity na hindi naaabot ng claim: **Ang Lehitimong Puna**: Tama ang mga kritiko na itanong kung bakit $18 million ang inilaan sa isang bagong organisasyon na walang operational history, walang opisina, walang staff, at walang competitive tender process [1].
While the Australian Future Leaders Foundation funding was genuinely problematic in its execution, the full context reveals complexity that the claim does not capture:
**The Legitimate Criticism**: Critics were right to question why $18 million was allocated to a brand-new organization with no operational history, no office, no staff, and no competitive tender process [1].
Ang pahayag ni Senator Tim Ayres na "Inuna nila ang kabayo kaysa sa kariton, ibinigay nila ang pera nang walang anumang ebidensya na magbibigay ito ng mga totoong resulta para sa mga Australian" ay nagpapahiwatig ng isang tunay na governance failure [1]. Senator Tim Ayres's statement—"They have put the cart before the horse, they have delivered the money without having any evidence that it's going to deliver real results for Australians"—highlights a real governance failure [1].
Ang katotohanan na ang Albanese government ay kasunod na kinansela ang pondo (iniihayag noong Setyembre 2022) ay nagpapahiwatig na kahit ang sumunod na Labor government ay hindi naniniwala na ang arrangement ay depensable [2]. **Ang Depensa ng Gobyerno**: Sinabi ni Finance Minister Simon Birmingham at ng mga opisyal ng PMC na ang proposal ay dumaan sa normal na proseso at ang due diligence ay isinagawa [1]. The fact that the Albanese government subsequently scrapped the funding (announced September 2022) suggests even Labor's subsequent government did not believe the arrangement was defensible [2].
**The Government's Defense**: Finance Minister Simon Birmingham and PMC officials claimed the proposal came through normal processes and that due diligence had been conducted [1].
Ang konsepto ng programa ay batay sa mga internasyonal na modelo (Canada, India), at mayroon itong suporta mula sa mga university vice-chancellors at malawak na stakeholder consultation ayon sa opisina ng Governor-General [1]. The program concept was based on international models (Canada, India), and it had support from university vice-chancellors and extensive stakeholder consultation according to the Governor-General's office [1].
Ang mga puntong ito ay hindi nagpapawalang-sala sa kakulangan ng competitive selection, ngunit nagpapahiwatig na ang intensyon ay hindi corrupt—sa halip, ito ay nagsasaad ng hindi pangkaraniwang desisyon na nagbibigay-priyoridad sa isang proposal na suportado ng Governor-General. **Komparatibong Konteksto**: Hindi ito natatangi sa Coalition. These points don't excuse the lack of competitive selection, but they indicate the intention was not corrupt—rather, it reflected unusual decision-making prioritizing a proposal backed by the Governor-General.
**Comparative Context**: This is not unique to the Coalition.
Ang Pink Batts scheme ng Labor ay mas problema—it ay nagresulta sa mga kamatayan, nagkakahalaga ng $2.45 bilyon na may malaking wastage, at nangailangan ng Royal Commission [3]. Labor's Pink Batts scheme was dramatically more problematic—it resulted in deaths, cost $2.45 billion with significant wastage, and required a Royal Commission [3].
Ang Australian Future Leaders Foundation, sa kabaligtaran, ay walang ipinapakitang pinsala bago idepensa. The Australian Future Leaders Foundation, by contrast, resulted in no demonstrable harm before being defunded.
Ang parehong pangunahing partido ay nagpakita ng kakayahan para sa mga mahinang grant-making desisyon kapag binibigyan ng prayoridad ang bilis kaysa sa due diligence. **Sistemikong Isyu**: Ang programa ay kumakatawan sa isang mas malawak na problema sa Australian government: ang balanse sa pagitan ng ministerial discretion at democratic oversight. Both major parties have shown capacity for poor grant-making decisions when prioritizing speed over due diligence.
**Systemic Issue**: The program exemplifies a broader problem in Australian government: the balance between ministerial discretion and democratic oversight.
Ang kakulangan ng competitive tender processes para sa government funding ay isang umuulit na isyu sa iba't ibang gobyerno. The lack of competitive tender processes for government funding has been a recurring issue across governments.
Gayunpaman, ang approach ng Coalition dito ay mas matinding dahil ang organisasyon ay literal na walang track record, samantalang ang mga scheme ng Labor ay may mga inihayag na layunin sa paghahatid (bagama't hindi perpekto). **Pangunahing konteksto**: Hindi ito natatangi sa Coalition—ang Labor ay nagbigay din ng malalaking grant nang walang masusing oversight. However, the Coalition's approach here was more egregious because the organization had literally no track record, whereas Labor's schemes at least had stated delivery intentions.
**Key context**: This is not unique to the Coalition—Labor has also awarded large grants without rigorous oversight.
Gayunpaman, ang kaso ng Australian Future Leaders Foundation ay kumakatawan sa isang partikular na mahinang desisyon dahil ang pondo ay nakatuon bago ang organisasyon ay nagpakita ng anumang operational capacity, na ginagawang mas hindi depensable kaysa sa mga stimulus program ng Labor na hindi man lang sinubukang maghatid ng serbisyo (bagama't imperfect). However, the Australian Future Leaders Foundation case represents a particularly poor decision because funding was committed before the organization demonstrated any operational capacity, making it more indefensible than Labor's stimulus programs that at least attempted service delivery (however imperfectly).
TOTOO
6.0
sa 10
Ang mga factual na elemento ng claim ay na-verify: ang $18 million na halaga ay tumpak, ang kakulangan ng staff at opisina ay kumpirmado, ang isyu sa registered address ay totoo, at ang kawalan ng normal na tender process ay nakadokumento [1][2].
The factual elements of the claim are verified: the $18 million figure is accurate, the lack of staff and office is confirmed, the registered address issue is real, and the absence of a normal tender process is documented [1][2].
Gayunpaman, ang pagtalakay ng claim bilang "corruption" ay nakakalinlang—ang ebidensya ay nagpapahiwatig ng mahinang governance at desisyon na nagbibigay-priyoridad sa vice-regal backing kaysa sa due diligence, sa halip na corruption sa kahulugan ng personal na financial benefit o kriminal na pag-uugali. However, the claim's framing as "corruption" is misleading—the evidence indicates poor governance and decision-making prioritizing vice-regal backing over due diligence, rather than corruption in the sense of personal financial benefit or criminal conduct.
Walang inihayag na ebidensya na nagpapahiwatig na ang mga indibidwal na kasali ay yumaman nang personal o nakilahok sa mga corrupt na gawain; sa halip, ito ay isang hindi pangkaraniwang desisyon sa policy na binigyan ng hindi sapat na pagsusuri. No evidence presented suggests individuals involved were enriched personally or engaged in corrupt practices; rather, it was an unusual policy decision given insufficient scrutiny.
Ang claim ay hindi rin kasama na ang parehong pangunahing partido ay nagpakita ng kakayahan para sa mahinang grant-making (ang Pink Batts scheme ng Labor ay demonstrably mas masahol sa mga resulta), at na ang sumunod na Albanese government mismo ay kinansela ang pondo, na nagpapahiwatig na kahit ang Labor ay kinilala na ito ay hindi depensable. The claim also omits that both major parties have demonstrated capacity for poor grant-making (Labor's Pink Batts scheme was demonstrably worse in outcomes), and that the subsequent Albanese government itself scrapped the funding, suggesting even Labor acknowledged it was indefensible.
Ang pagtalakay bilang "corruption tax" ay hyperbolic; ang "governance failure" o "poor decision-making" ay mas tumpak na paglalarawan. The characterization as "corruption tax" is hyperbolic; "governance failure" or "poor decision-making" would be more accurate descriptions.
Huling Iskor
6.0
SA 10
TOTOO
Ang mga factual na elemento ng claim ay na-verify: ang $18 million na halaga ay tumpak, ang kakulangan ng staff at opisina ay kumpirmado, ang isyu sa registered address ay totoo, at ang kawalan ng normal na tender process ay nakadokumento [1][2].
The factual elements of the claim are verified: the $18 million figure is accurate, the lack of staff and office is confirmed, the registered address issue is real, and the absence of a normal tender process is documented [1][2].
Gayunpaman, ang pagtalakay ng claim bilang "corruption" ay nakakalinlang—ang ebidensya ay nagpapahiwatig ng mahinang governance at desisyon na nagbibigay-priyoridad sa vice-regal backing kaysa sa due diligence, sa halip na corruption sa kahulugan ng personal na financial benefit o kriminal na pag-uugali. However, the claim's framing as "corruption" is misleading—the evidence indicates poor governance and decision-making prioritizing vice-regal backing over due diligence, rather than corruption in the sense of personal financial benefit or criminal conduct.
Walang inihayag na ebidensya na nagpapahiwatig na ang mga indibidwal na kasali ay yumaman nang personal o nakilahok sa mga corrupt na gawain; sa halip, ito ay isang hindi pangkaraniwang desisyon sa policy na binigyan ng hindi sapat na pagsusuri. No evidence presented suggests individuals involved were enriched personally or engaged in corrupt practices; rather, it was an unusual policy decision given insufficient scrutiny.
Ang claim ay hindi rin kasama na ang parehong pangunahing partido ay nagpakita ng kakayahan para sa mahinang grant-making (ang Pink Batts scheme ng Labor ay demonstrably mas masahol sa mga resulta), at na ang sumunod na Albanese government mismo ay kinansela ang pondo, na nagpapahiwatig na kahit ang Labor ay kinilala na ito ay hindi depensable. The claim also omits that both major parties have demonstrated capacity for poor grant-making (Labor's Pink Batts scheme was demonstrably worse in outcomes), and that the subsequent Albanese government itself scrapped the funding, suggesting even Labor acknowledged it was indefensible.
Ang pagtalakay bilang "corruption tax" ay hyperbolic; ang "governance failure" o "poor decision-making" ay mas tumpak na paglalarawan. The characterization as "corruption tax" is hyperbolic; "governance failure" or "poor decision-making" would be more accurate descriptions.
📚 MGA PINAGMULAN AT SANGGUNIAN (6)
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1
abc.net.au
The Prime Minister's department insists it carried out "due diligence" before awarding, without a tender process, millions of dollars to a foundation that appears to have no office, website or staff and was established last year.
Abc Net -
2
thenewdaily.com.au
The government has overturned an $18 million grant to a foundation awarded after Governor-General David Hurley personally lobbied on its behalf.
Thenewdaily Com -
3
en.wikipedia.org
Wikipedia
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4
ameliorinsulation.com.au
The Pink Batts Scheme was a component of the Australian Government’s Home Energy Efficiency Program, launched in 2009. But, things didn't go as intended.
Amelior Insulation -
5
abc.net.au
A mystery foundation established just over a year ago by a businessman with connections to the Governor-General has had its federal funding cancelled.
Abc Net -
6
independentaustralia.net
In April's Senate Estimates hearings, the Federal Government was quizzed over its grant of $18 million to the
Independent Australia
Pamamaraan ng Rating Scale
1-3: MALI
Hindi tama sa katotohanan o malisyosong gawa-gawa.
4-6: BAHAGYA
May katotohanan ngunit kulang o baluktot ang konteksto.
7-9: HALOS TOTOO
Maliit na teknikal na detalye o isyu sa pagkakasulat.
10: TUMPAK
Perpektong na-verify at patas ayon sa konteksto.
Pamamaraan: Ang mga rating ay tinutukoy sa pamamagitan ng cross-referencing ng opisyal na mga rekord ng pamahalaan, independiyenteng mga organisasyong nag-fact-check, at mga primaryang dokumento.