部分的に真実

評価: 5.0/10

Coalition
C0239

主張

“税務詐欺およびマネーロンダリング犯罪について、市民が無罪を証明するまで有罪と見なされる可能性があるよう、立証責任を転換することを提案した。”
元の出典: Matthew Davis

元の出典

事実検証

この Kono 主張しゅちょう noun Shuchou topic-marker Wa * * * * 部分ぶぶん noun Bubun てき Mato auxiliary-verb Ni 正確せいかく noun Seikaku auxiliary-verb De ある verb Aru subject-marker Ga , 著しくいちじるしく adjective Ichijirushiku 誇張こちょう noun Kochou verb Sa auxiliary-verb Re particle Te いる verb Iru * * * * .
The claim is **partially accurate but significantly overstated**.
2019 noun 2019 ねん noun Nen 1 noun 1 がつ noun Tsuki 14 noun 14 Hi possessive No ABC noun ABC 記事きじ noun Kiji topic-marker Wa , 財務ざいむ noun Zaimu しょう Shou subject-marker Ga * * * * 確かたしか Tashika auxiliary-verb Ni * * * * 立証りっしょう noun Risshou 責任せきにん noun Sekinin possessive No 転換てんかん noun Tenkan object-marker Wo 提案ていあん noun Teian verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta こと noun Koto object-marker Wo 確認かくにん noun Kakunin verb Shi particle Te いる verb Iru subject-marker Ga , この Kono 提案ていあん noun Teian possessive No 範囲はんい noun Han'i and/with To 状況じょうきょう noun Joukyou direction/target Ni つい verb Tsui particle Te 重要じゅうよう Juuyou auxiliary-verb Na 説明せつめい noun Setsumei subject-marker Ga 必要ひつよう noun Hitsuyou auxiliary-verb De ある verb Aru [ [ 1 noun 1 ]。 ??
The ABC article from January 14, 2019 confirms that Treasury **did** propose reversing the burden of proof, but the scope and status of the proposal require important clarification [1].
ABC noun ABC possessive No 報道ほうどう noun Houdou direction/target Ni よる verb Yoru and/with To , 財務ざいむ noun Zaimu しょう Shou possessive No 諮問しもん noun Shimon しょ Sho topic-marker Wa " ブラック noun Black 経済けいざい noun Keizai 活動かつどう noun Katsudou direction/target Ni よる verb Yoru 年間ねんかん noun Nenkan 数十すうじゅう noun Suujuu おく noun Oku ドル noun Dollar possessive No 損失そんしつ noun Sonshitsu direction/target Ni 対処たいしょ noun Taisho する verb Suru 試みこころみ noun Kokoromi and/with To verb Shi particle Te , 連邦れんぽう noun Renpou 政府せいふ noun Seifu subject-marker Ga テロ noun Terrorism , 薬物やくぶつ noun Yakubutsu , 児童じどう noun Jidou せい Sei 犯罪はんざい noun Hanzai direction/target Ni 関するかんする verb Kansuru 重大じゅうだい Juudai auxiliary-verb Na ブラック noun Black 経済けいざい noun Keizai 犯罪はんざい noun Hanzai direction/target Ni つい verb Tsui particle Te 立証りっしょう noun Risshou 責任せきにん noun Sekinin object-marker Wo 転換てんかん noun Tenkan verb Su べき auxiliary-verb Beki question Ka どう adverb Dou question Ka " direction/target Ni つい verb Tsui particle Te 問うとう verb Tou particle Te いる verb Iru [ [ 1 noun 1 ]。 ??
According to the ABC reporting, Treasury's consultation paper asked "whether, in an attempt to tackle billions of dollars lost annually due to black economy activity, the Federal Government should reverse the onus of proof for serious black economy offences relating to terrorism, drugs and child sex offences" [1].
しかし conjunction Shikashi , これ Kore topic-marker Wa 変更へんこう noun Henkou object-marker Wo 実施じっし noun Jisshi する verb Suru and/with To いう verb Iu 確定かくてい noun Kakutei verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta 政府せいふ noun Seifu 提案ていあん noun Teian and/with To verb Shi particle Te auxiliary-verb De topic-marker Wa なく adjective Naku , * * * * 諮問しもん noun Shimon しょ Sho direction/target Ni おけ verb Oke auxiliary-verb Ru 質問しつもん noun Shitsumon * * * * and/with To verb Shi particle Te 提示ていじ noun Teiji verb Sa auxiliary-verb Re auxiliary-verb Ta もの noun Mono auxiliary-verb De ある verb Aru .
However, this was presented as a **question in a consultation paper**, not a finalized government proposal to implement the change.
記事きじ noun Kiji possessive No 見出しみだし noun Midashi topic-marker Wa 専門せんもん noun Senmon Ie possessive No 反応はんのう noun Hannou object-marker Wo こう adverb Kou 表現ひょうげん noun Hyougen verb Shi particle Te いる verb Iru : " ブラック noun Black 経済けいざい noun Keizai 犯罪はんざい noun Hanzai direction/target Ni おけ verb Oke auxiliary-verb Ru 立証りっしょう noun Risshou 責任せきにん noun Sekinin object-marker Wo 転換てんかん noun Tenkan する verb Suru こと noun Koto object-marker Wo 求めるもとめる verb Motomeru particle Na , 専門せんもん noun Senmon Ie Ra subject-marker Ga 主張しゅちょう noun Shuchou " 業界ぎょうかい noun Gyoukai 代表だいひょう noun Daihyou しゃ Mono subject-marker Ga この Kono 提案ていあん noun Teian direction/target Ni * * * * 反対はんたい noun Hantai * * * * verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta こと noun Koto object-marker Wo 示ししめし verb Shimeshi particle Te いる verb Iru [ [ 1 noun 1 ]。 ??
The article's headline frames the expert reaction: "Do not reverse onus of proof for black economy crimes, say experts" - indicating that industry representatives **opposed** the proposal [1].
公認こうにん noun Kounin 会計かいけい noun Kaikei Shi 協会きょうかい noun Kyoukai , 公認こうにん noun Kounin 会計かいけい noun Kaikei Shi 協会きょうかい noun Kyoukai , KPMG noun KPMG possessive No 税務ぜいむ noun Zeimu 専門せんもん noun Senmon Ie topic-marker Wa すべて noun Subete , 立証りっしょう noun Risshou 責任せきにん noun Sekinin object-marker Wo 転換てんかん noun Tenkan する verb Suru こと noun Koto location/means De 基本きほん noun Kihon てき Mato auxiliary-verb Na 法律ほうりつ noun Houritsu 原則げんそく noun Gensoku subject-marker Ga 損なわそこなわ verb Sokonawa auxiliary-verb Re , 一般いっぱん noun Ippan 納税のうぜい noun Nouzei しゃ Mono direction/target Ni がい noun Gai object-marker Wo 及ぼすおよぼす verb Oyobosu 可能かのう Kanou せい Sei subject-marker Ga ある verb Aru and/with To 警告けいこく noun Keikoku verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta [ [ 1 noun 1 ]。 ??
Tax experts from the Institute of Public Accountants, Chartered Accountants, and KPMG all expressed concerns about reversing the burden of proof, warning it would undermine fundamental legal principles and could harm ordinary taxpayers [1].
重要じゅうよう Juuyou auxiliary-verb Na こと noun Koto direction/target Ni , 主張しゅちょう noun Shuchou topic-marker Wa 市民しみん noun Shimin subject-marker Ga " 税務ぜいむ noun Zeimu 詐欺さぎ noun Sagi および conjunction Oyobi マネー noun Money ロンダリング noun Laundering 犯罪はんざい noun Hanzai " direction/target Ni つい verb Tsui particle Te " 無罪むざい noun Muzai object-marker Wo 証明しょうめい noun Shoumei する verb Suru まで until Ma de 有罪ゆうざい noun Yuuzai and/with To 見なさみなさ verb Minasa れる auxiliary-verb Reru " 可能かのう Kanou せい Sei subject-marker Ga ある verb Aru and/with To いう verb Iu 特徴とくちょう noun Tokuchou 付けつけ noun Tsuke topic-marker Wa , ( ( 1 noun 1 ) ) " テロ noun Terrorism , 薬物やくぶつ noun Yakubutsu , 児童じどう noun Jidou せい Sei 犯罪はんざい noun Hanzai direction/target Ni 関するかんする verb Kansuru 重大じゅうだい Juudai auxiliary-verb Na ブラック noun Black 経済けいざい noun Keizai 犯罪はんざい noun Hanzai " direction/target Ni つい verb Tsui particle Te possessive No 提案ていあん noun Teian verb Sa auxiliary-verb Re auxiliary-verb Ta 転換てんかん noun Tenkan , および conjunction Oyobi ( ( 2 noun 2 ) ) 一般いっぱん noun Ippan てき Mato auxiliary-verb Na 税務ぜいむ noun Zeimu 詐欺さぎ noun Sagi および conjunction Oyobi マネー noun Money ロンダリング noun Laundering possessive No 2 noun 2 Tsu possessive No 別々べつべつ Betsubetsu possessive No 問題もんだい noun Mondai object-marker Wo 混同こんどう noun Kondou verb Shi particle Te いる verb Iru [ [ 1 noun 1 ]。 ??
Importantly, the claim's characterization that citizens could be considered "guilty until proven innocent" for "tax fraud and money laundering crimes" conflates two separate issues: (1) the proposed reversal for "serious black economy offences relating to terrorism, drugs and child sex offences," and (2) general tax fraud and money laundering [1].
諮問しもん noun Shimon しょ Sho topic-marker Wa これ Kore Ra 3 noun 3 Tsu possessive No 犯罪はんざい noun Hanzai カテゴリー noun Category object-marker Wo ブラック noun Black 経済けいざい noun Keizai 犯罪はんざい noun Hanzai and/with To 並行へいこう noun Heikou verb Shi particle Te 特にとくに adverb Tokuni 言及げんきゅう noun Genkyuu verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta subject-marker Ga , すべて noun Subete possessive No 税務ぜいむ noun Zeimu 事項じこう noun Jikou direction/target Ni つい verb Tsui particle Te 包括ほうかつ noun Houkatsu てき Mato auxiliary-verb Na 転換てんかん noun Tenkan object-marker Wo 提案ていあん noun Teian verb Shi particle Te verb I auxiliary-verb Ta わけ noun Wake location/means De topic-marker Wa ない adjective Nai .
The consultation paper specifically mentioned these three crime categories alongside black economy offences, but was not proposing a blanket reversal for all tax matters.

欠落した文脈

この Kono 主張しゅちょう noun Shuchou topic-marker Wa いく noun Iku Tsu question Ka possessive No 重要じゅうよう Juuyou auxiliary-verb Na 文脈ぶんみゃく noun Bunmyaku てき Mato 要素ようそ noun Youso object-marker Wo 省略しょうりゃく noun Shouryaku verb Shi particle Te いる verb Iru :
The claim omits several important contextual elements: **1.
* * * * 1 noun 1 . . 諮問しもん noun Shimon 状況じょうきょう noun Joukyou auxiliary-verb De あり verb Ari 実施じっし noun Jisshi location/means De topic-marker Wa ない adjective Nai : * * * *
Consultation Status, Not Implementation:** This was a **consultation paper question**, not a government commitment or implemented policy.
これ Kore topic-marker Wa * * * * 諮問しもん noun Shimon しょ Sho direction/target Ni おけ verb Oke auxiliary-verb Ru 質問しつもん noun Shitsumon * * * * auxiliary-verb De あり verb Ari , 政府せいふ noun Seifu possessive No コミットメント noun Commitment また conjunction Mata topic-marker Wa 実施じっし noun Jisshi verb Sa auxiliary-verb Re auxiliary-verb Ta 政策せいさく noun Seisaku location/means De topic-marker Wa なかっ adjective Naka auxiliary-verb Ta .
Treasury was seeking feedback on whether this change should be pursued [1].
財務ざいむ noun Zaimu しょう Shou topic-marker Wa , この Kono 変更へんこう noun Henkou object-marker Wo 追求ついきゅう noun Tsuikyuu verb Su べき auxiliary-verb Beki question Ka どう adverb Dou question Ka direction/target Ni つい verb Tsui particle Te possessive No フィードバック noun Feedback object-marker Wo 求めもとめ verb Motome particle Te verb I auxiliary-verb Ta [ [ 1 noun 1 ]。 ??
There is no evidence in the ABC article that the government proceeded with this proposal after receiving expert opposition. **2.
専門せんもん noun Senmon Ie possessive No 反対はんたい noun Hantai object-marker Wo 受けうけ verb Uke particle Te , この Kono 提案ていあん noun Teian subject-marker Ga 実施じっし noun Jisshi direction/target Ni 移さうつさ verb Utsusa auxiliary-verb Re auxiliary-verb Ta and/with To いう verb Iu 証拠しょうこ noun Shouko topic-marker Wa ABC noun ABC 記事きじ noun Kiji direction/target Ni topic-marker Wa ない adjective Nai .
Existing Reverse Onus Provisions:** Reverse onus provisions already exist in Australian law for certain serious crimes.
* * * * 2 noun 2 . . 既存きそん noun Kison possessive No 立証りっしょう noun Risshou 責任せきにん noun Sekinin 転換てんかん noun Tenkan 規定きてい noun Kitei : * * * *
A parliamentary inquiry (2021) noted that the burden of proof for tax assessment disputes already operates as "a default reverse onus of proof" on taxpayers, who must prove an ATO assessment is excessive [2].
立証りっしょう noun Risshou 責任せきにん noun Sekinin possessive No 転換てんかん noun Tenkan 規定きてい noun Kitei topic-marker Wa , 特定とくてい noun Tokutei possessive No 重大じゅうだい Juudai 犯罪はんざい noun Hanzai direction/target Ni つい verb Tsui particle Te topic-marker Wa すでに adverb Sudeni オーストラリア noun Australia ほう noun Hou direction/target Ni 存在そんざい noun Sonzai する verb Suru .
This is not unique or new to the Coalition's proposal. **3.
議会ぎかい noun Gikai 調査ちょうさ noun Chousa ( 2021 noun 2021 ねん noun Nen ) topic-marker Wa , 税務ぜいむ noun Zeimu 評価ひょうか noun Hyouka 紛争ふんそう noun Funsou direction/target Ni つい verb Tsui particle Te possessive No 立証りっしょう noun Risshou 責任せきにん noun Sekinin topic-marker Wa すでに adverb Sudeni 納税のうぜい noun Nouzei しゃ Mono direction/target Ni 対したいし verb Taishi particle Te " デフォルト noun Default possessive No 立証りっしょう noun Risshou 責任せきにん noun Sekinin 転換てんかん noun Tenkan " and/with To verb Shi particle Te 機能きのう noun Kinou verb Shi particle Te おり verb Ori , 納税のうぜい noun Nouzei しゃ Mono topic-marker Wa ATO noun ATO 評価ひょうか noun Hyouka subject-marker Ga 過大かだい noun Kadai auxiliary-verb De ある verb Aru こと noun Koto object-marker Wo 証明しょうめい noun Shoumei verb Shi なけれ auxiliary-verb Nakere particle Ba なら verb Nara ない auxiliary-verb Nai and/with To 指摘してき noun Shiteki verb Shi particle Te いる verb Iru [ [ 2 noun 2 ]。 ??
Expert Consensus:** All major accounting and business organizations consulted opposed the measure [1].
これ Kore topic-marker Wa 連立れんりつ noun Renritsu 政権せいけん noun Seiken possessive No 提案ていあん noun Teian direction/target Ni 固有こゆう noun Koyuu possessive No もの noun Mono auxiliary-verb De also Mo 新しいあたらしい adjective Atarashii もの noun Mono auxiliary-verb De also Mo ない adjective Nai .
The IPA noted that the consultation paper "did not provide overwhelming evidence on the need for a change," suggesting the rationale was weak [1]. **4.
* * * * 3 noun 3 . . 専門せんもん noun Senmon Ie possessive No コンセンサス noun Consensus : * * * *
Constitutional Constraints:** Australia's legal system, informed by common law tradition and human rights standards, treats the presumption of innocence as fundamental.
主要しゅよう Shuyou auxiliary-verb Na 会計かいけい noun Kaikei および conjunction Oyobi ビジネス noun Business 組織そしき noun Soshiki subject-marker Ga すべて noun Subete この Kono 措置そち noun Sochi direction/target Ni 反対はんたい noun Hantai verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta [ [ 1 noun 1 ]。 ??
The Attorney-General's Department states that "the presumption of innocence imposes on the prosecution the burden of proving the charge and guarantees that no guilt can be presumed until the charge has been proved beyond reasonable doubt" [3].
IPA noun IPA topic-marker Wa , 諮問しもん noun Shimon しょ Sho subject-marker Ga " 変更へんこう noun Henkou possessive No 必要ひつよう noun Hitsuyou せい Sei direction/target Ni つい verb Tsui particle Te 圧倒あっとう noun Attou てき Mato auxiliary-verb Na 証拠しょうこ noun Shouko object-marker Wo 提供ていきょう noun Teikyou verb Shi particle Te verb I ない auxiliary-verb Nai " and/with To 指摘してき noun Shiteki verb Shi , 根拠こんきょ noun Konkyo subject-marker Ga 薄弱はくじゃく noun Hakujaku auxiliary-verb De ある verb Aru こと noun Koto object-marker Wo 示唆しさ noun Shisa verb Shi particle Te いる verb Iru [ [ 1 noun 1 ]。 ??
Any such reversal faces significant constitutional and human rights scrutiny. **5.
* * * * 4 noun 4 . . 憲法けんぽう noun Kenpou じょう Ue possessive No 制約せいやく noun Seiyaku : * * * *
It Was Merely One of Several Proposals:** The consultation paper included multiple proposals: travel bans for tax debtors, increased ATO powers, sham contracting penalties, and others [1].
オーストラリア noun Australia possessive No ほう noun Hou 制度せいど noun Seido topic-marker Wa , 慣習かんしゅう noun Kanshuu ほう noun Hou possessive No 伝統でんとう noun Dentou and/with To 人権じんけん noun Jinken 基準きじゅん noun Kijun direction/target Ni 由来ゆらい noun Yurai verb Shi , 無罪むざい noun Muzai possessive No 推定すいてい noun Suitei object-marker Wo 基本きほん noun Kihon てき Mato auxiliary-verb Na もの noun Mono and/with To verb Shi particle Te 扱うあつかう verb Atsukau .
The reverse onus provision was one component among many being tested for viability.
司法しほう noun Shihou しょう Shou topic-marker Wa " 無罪むざい noun Muzai possessive No 推定すいてい noun Suitei topic-marker Wa 検察けんさつ noun Kensatsu direction/target Ni 訴因そいん noun Soin object-marker Wo 証明しょうめい noun Shoumei する verb Suru 責任せきにん noun Sekinin object-marker Wo 課しかし verb Kashi , 訴因そいん noun Soin subject-marker Ga 合理ごうり noun Gouri てき Mato auxiliary-verb Na 疑いうたがい noun Utagai object-marker Wo 超えこえ verb Koe particle Te 証明しょうめい noun Shoumei verb Sa れる auxiliary-verb Reru まで until Ma de 有罪ゆうざい noun Yuuzai subject-marker Ga 推定すいてい noun Suitei verb Sa れる auxiliary-verb Reru こと noun Koto object-marker Wo 保証ほしょう noun Hoshou する verb Suru " and/with To 述べのべ verb Nobe particle Te いる verb Iru [ [ 3 noun 3 ]。 ??
この Kono よう You auxiliary-verb Na 転換てんかん noun Tenkan topic-marker Wa 重大じゅうだい Juudai auxiliary-verb Na 憲法けんぽう noun Kenpou じょう Ue および conjunction Oyobi 人権じんけん noun Jinken じょう Ue possessive No 審査しんさ noun Shinsa direction/target Ni 直面ちょくめん noun Chokumen する verb Suru .
* * * * 5 noun 5 . . 複数ふくすう noun Fukusuu possessive No 提案ていあん noun Teian possessive No うち noun Uchi possessive No 1 noun 1 Tsu direction/target Ni 過ぎすぎ verb Sugi なかっ auxiliary-verb Naka auxiliary-verb Ta : * * * *
諮問しもん noun Shimon しょ Sho direction/target Ni topic-marker Wa , 税務ぜいむ noun Zeimu 債務さいむ noun Saimu しゃ Mono possessive No 旅行りょこう noun Ryokou 禁止きんし noun Kinshi , ATO noun ATO 権限けんげん noun Kengen possessive No 拡大かくだい noun Kakudai , 偽装ぎそう noun Gisou 請負うけおい noun Ukeoi 罰則ばっそく noun Bassoku など particle Nado , 複数ふくすう noun Fukusuu possessive No 提案ていあん noun Teian subject-marker Ga 含まふくま verb Fukuma auxiliary-verb Re particle Te verb I auxiliary-verb Ta [ [ 1 noun 1 ]。 ??
立証りっしょう noun Risshou 責任せきにん noun Sekinin 転換てんかん noun Tenkan topic-marker Wa , 実現じつげん noun Jitsugen 可能かのう Kanou せい Sei object-marker Wo テスト noun Test する verb Suru 多くおおく noun Ooku possessive No 提案ていあん noun Teian possessive No なか noun Naka possessive No 1 noun 1 Tsu possessive No 構成こうせい noun Kousei 要素ようそ noun Youso auxiliary-verb De あっ verb A auxiliary-verb Ta .

情報源の信頼性評価

オリジナル noun Original ソース noun Sauce ( ABC noun ABC ニュース noun News ) topic-marker Wa * * * * 主流しゅりゅう noun Shuryuu possessive No オーストラリア noun Australia 放送ほうそう noun Housou きょく noun Kyoku auxiliary-verb De あり verb Ari , 強いつよい adjective Tsuyoi 信頼しんらい noun Shinrai せい Sei * * * * object-marker Wo 持ちもち verb Mochi , この Kono 報道ほうどう noun Houdou direction/target Ni おい verb Oi particle Te 明確めいかく Meikaku auxiliary-verb Na 党派とうは noun Touha せい Sei possessive No 偏りかたより noun Katayori topic-marker Wa verb Mi られ auxiliary-verb Rare ない auxiliary-verb Nai [ [ 1 noun 1 ]。 ??
The original source (ABC News) is a **mainstream Australian broadcaster with strong credibility** and no apparent partisan bias in this reporting [1].
この Kono 記事きじ noun Kiji topic-marker Wa ビジネス noun Business 記者きしゃ noun Kisha possessive No ナッシム・カーデム noun Nasshimu/kaademu direction/target Ni よっ verb Yo particle Te 書かかか verb Kaka auxiliary-verb Re , ABC noun ABC possessive No 標準ひょうじゅん noun Hyoujun てき Mato auxiliary-verb Na 事実じじつ noun Jijitsu direction/target Ni 基づくもとづく verb Motozuku ジャーナリズム noun Journalism object-marker Wo 代表だいひょう noun Daihyou verb Shi particle Te いる verb Iru .
The article was written by business reporter Nassim Khadem and represents ABC's standard fact-based journalism.
記事きじ noun Kiji topic-marker Wa 専門せんもん noun Senmon Ie possessive No 提出ていしゅつ noun Teishutsu 意見いけん noun Iken から from/because Kara 直接ちょくせつ adverb Chokusetsu 引用いんよう noun In'you verb Shi , この Kono 措置そち noun Sochi direction/target Ni 対するたいする verb Taisuru 業界ぎょうかい noun Gyoukai possessive No コンセンサス noun Consensus object-marker Wo 提示ていじ noun Teiji verb Shi particle Te いる verb Iru .
The article quotes directly from expert submissions and presents industry consensus opposing the measure.
しかし conjunction Shikashi , ファクト noun Fact チェック noun Check verb Sa auxiliary-verb Re particle Te いる verb Iru 主張しゅちょう noun Shuchou subject-marker Ga , 検討けんとう noun Kentou verb Sa auxiliary-verb Re particle Te verb I auxiliary-verb Ta もの noun Mono possessive No 範囲はんい noun Han'i object-marker Wo * * * * 誤っあやまっ verb Ayama particle Te 表現ひょうげん noun Hyougen verb Shi particle Te いる verb Iru * * * * こと noun Koto direction/target Ni 注意ちゅうい noun Chuui する verb Suru こと noun Koto subject-marker Ga 重要じゅうよう Juuyou auxiliary-verb De ある verb Aru .
However, it's important to note that the claim being fact-checked appears to **misrepresent the scope** of what was being considered.
主張しゅちょう noun Shuchou possessive No 枠組みわくぐみ noun Wakugumi topic-marker Wa , 実際じっさい noun Jissai direction/target Ni topic-marker Wa 諮問しもん noun Shimon verb Sa auxiliary-verb Re particle Te verb I auxiliary-verb Ta 質問しつもん noun Shitsumon auxiliary-verb De あっ verb A auxiliary-verb Ta direction/target Ni also Mo かかわら verb Kakawara auxiliary-verb Zu , これ Kore subject-marker Ga 確定かくてい noun Kakutei verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta 政府せいふ noun Seifu 提案ていあん noun Teian auxiliary-verb De あっ verb A auxiliary-verb Ta question Ka possessive No よう You auxiliary-verb Ni 示唆しさ noun Shisa verb Shi particle Te いる verb Iru .
The framing of the claim suggests this was a definitive government proposal when it was actually a consultation question seeking feedback.
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労働党比較

* * * * 労働ろうどう noun Roudou とう Tou also Mo 同様どうよう Douyou possessive No 措置そち noun Sochi object-marker Wo 提案ていあん noun Teian また conjunction Mata topic-marker Wa 実施じっし noun Jisshi verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta question Ka ?
**Did Labor propose or implement similar measures?** Labor governments have historically **also supported reverse onus provisions** for certain serious crimes.
* * * *
This is not a uniquely Coalition position.
労働ろうどう noun Roudou とう Tou 政権せいけん noun Seiken topic-marker Wa 歴史れきし noun Rekishi てき Mato auxiliary-verb Ni , 特定とくてい noun Tokutei possessive No 重大じゅうだい Juudai 犯罪はんざい noun Hanzai direction/target Ni つい verb Tsui particle Te possessive No * * * * 立証りっしょう noun Risshou 責任せきにん noun Sekinin 転換てんかん noun Tenkan object-marker Wo 支持しじ noun Shiji * * * * verb Shi particle Te verb Ki auxiliary-verb Ta .
Australia's legislative history shows that both major parties have supported reverse burden provisions when targeting organized crime, money laundering, and terrorism offences [4].
これ Kore topic-marker Wa 連立れんりつ noun Renritsu 政権せいけん noun Seiken 独自どくじ Dokuji possessive No 立場たちば noun Tachiba location/means De topic-marker Wa ない adjective Nai .
The relevant Commonwealth legislation already contains reverse onus provisions: the Proceeds of Crime Act 1995 (Cth) and various state anti-money laundering and organized crime legislation have included such provisions [4].
オーストラリア noun Australia possessive No 立法りっぽう noun Rippou Fumi topic-marker Wa , りょう Ryou 主要しゅよう Shuyou 政党せいとう noun Seitou subject-marker Ga 組織そしき noun Soshiki 犯罪はんざい noun Hanzai , マネー noun Money ロンダリング noun Laundering , テロ noun Terrorism 犯罪はんざい noun Hanzai object-marker Wo 標的ひょうてき noun Hyouteki direction/target Ni する verb Suru さい noun Sai direction/target Ni 立証りっしょう noun Risshou 責任せきにん noun Sekinin 転換てんかん noun Tenkan object-marker Wo 支持しじ noun Shiji verb Shi particle Te verb Ki auxiliary-verb Ta こと noun Koto object-marker Wo 示ししめし verb Shimeshi particle Te いる verb Iru [ [ 4 noun 4 ]。 ??
These predate the 2019 consultation paper and were developed across both Labor and Coalition terms of government.
関連かんれん noun Kanren する verb Suru 連邦れんぽう noun Renpou ほう noun Hou direction/target Ni topic-marker Wa すでに adverb Sudeni 立証りっしょう noun Risshou 責任せきにん noun Sekinin 転換てんかん noun Tenkan 規定きてい noun Kitei subject-marker Ga 含まふくま verb Fukuma auxiliary-verb Re particle Te いる verb Iru : 1995 noun 1995 ねん noun Nen 犯罪はんざい noun Hanzai 収益しゅうえき noun Shuueki ほう noun Hou ( 連邦れんぽう noun Renpou ) および conjunction Oyobi 各州かくしゅう noun Kakushuu possessive No はん Han マネー noun Money ロンダリング noun Laundering および conjunction Oyobi 組織そしき noun Soshiki 犯罪はんざい noun Hanzai ほう noun Hou direction/target Ni topic-marker Wa , この Kono よう You auxiliary-verb Na 規定きてい noun Kitei subject-marker Ga 含まふくま verb Fukuma auxiliary-verb Re particle Te いる verb Iru [ [ 4 noun 4 ]。 ??
Labor governments under Rudd and Gillard supported serious crime legislation that included enhanced enforcement powers and targeted measures against financial crimes [4].
これ Kore Ra topic-marker Wa 2019 noun 2019 ねん noun Nen possessive No 諮問しもん noun Shimon しょ Sho より particle Yori まえ noun Mae direction/target Ni 存在そんざい noun Sonzai verb Shi , 労働ろうどう noun Roudou とう Tou and/with To 連立れんりつ noun Renritsu 政権せいけん noun Seiken possessive No 両方りょうほう noun Ryouhou possessive No 任期にんき noun Ninki object-marker Wo 通じつうじ verb Tsuuji particle Te 発展はってん noun Hatten verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta .
The bipartisan consensus on organized crime and terrorism legislation means that reverse onus provisions for certain offences have support across the political spectrum, even if there is legitimate debate about scope. **Key Finding:** Reverse onus provisions for serious crimes like money laundering are not unique to the Coalition.
ラッド noun Lad および conjunction Oyobi ギラード noun Giraado 政権せいけん noun Seiken Shita possessive No 労働ろうどう noun Roudou とう Tou 政権せいけん noun Seiken topic-marker Wa , 金融きんゆう noun Kin'yuu 犯罪はんざい noun Hanzai direction/target Ni 対するたいする verb Taisuru 対策たいさく noun Taisaku および conjunction Oyobi 標的ひょうてき noun Hyouteki 措置そち noun Sochi object-marker Wo 含むふくむ verb Fukumu 重大じゅうだい Juudai 犯罪はんざい noun Hanzai ほう noun Hou object-marker Wo 支持しじ noun Shiji verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta [ [ 4 noun 4 ]。 ??
This represents a longstanding feature of Australian criminal law for serious organized crime offences, supported by both major parties' legislation over decades.
組織そしき noun Soshiki 犯罪はんざい noun Hanzai および conjunction Oyobi テロ noun Terrorism ほう noun Hou direction/target Ni つい verb Tsui particle Te possessive No ちょう Chou 党派とうは noun Touha possessive No コンセンサス noun Consensus topic-marker Wa , 数十すうじゅう noun Suujuu ねん noun Nen direction/target Ni わたる verb Wataru りょう Ryou 主要しゅよう Shuyou 政党せいとう noun Seitou possessive No 立法りっぽう noun Rippou object-marker Wo 通じつうじ verb Tsuuji particle Te , 特定とくてい noun Tokutei possessive No 犯罪はんざい noun Hanzai direction/target Ni つい verb Tsui particle Te possessive No 立証りっしょう noun Risshou 責任せきにん noun Sekinin 転換てんかん noun Tenkan subject-marker Ga 政治せいじ noun Seiji スペクトル noun Spectre 全体ぜんたい noun Zentai location/means De 支持しじ noun Shiji object-marker Wo 受けうけ verb Uke particle Te いる verb Iru こと noun Koto object-marker Wo 意味いみ noun Imi する verb Suru .
* * * * 重要じゅうよう Juuyou auxiliary-verb Na 発見はっけん noun Hakken : * * * * マネー noun Money ロンダリング noun Laundering possessive No よう You auxiliary-verb Na 重大じゅうだい Juudai 犯罪はんざい noun Hanzai direction/target Ni つい verb Tsui particle Te possessive No 立証りっしょう noun Risshou 責任せきにん noun Sekinin 転換てんかん noun Tenkan topic-marker Wa 連立れんりつ noun Renritsu 政権せいけん noun Seiken direction/target Ni 独自どくじ Dokuji possessive No もの noun Mono auxiliary-verb De topic-marker Wa ない adjective Nai .
これ Kore topic-marker Wa オーストラリア noun Australia possessive No 刑事けいじ noun Keiji ほう noun Hou direction/target Ni おけ verb Oke auxiliary-verb Ru 組織そしき noun Soshiki 犯罪はんざい noun Hanzai direction/target Ni 対するたいする verb Taisuru 長年ながねん noun Naganen possessive No 特徴とくちょう noun Tokuchou object-marker Wo 表しあらわし verb Arawashi particle Te おり verb Ori , 数十すうじゅう noun Suujuu ねん noun Nen direction/target Ni わたる verb Wataru りょう Ryou 主要しゅよう Shuyou 政党せいとう noun Seitou possessive No 立法りっぽう noun Rippou object-marker Wo 通じつうじ verb Tsuuji particle Te 支持しじ noun Shiji verb Sa auxiliary-verb Re particle Te verb Ki auxiliary-verb Ta .
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バランスの取れた視点

* * * * 財務ざいむ noun Zaimu しょう Shou subject-marker Ga これ Kore object-marker Wo 提案ていあん noun Teian verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta 理由りゆう noun Riyuu : * * * *
**Why Treasury Proposed This:** The government's stated rationale was combating the "black economy," estimated at approximately $50 billion annually based on a very broad definition including cash-in-hand work, underpayment of wages, sham contracting, money laundering, and fraud [1].
政府せいふ noun Seifu possessive No 述べのべ verb Nobe auxiliary-verb Ta 根拠こんきょ noun Konkyo topic-marker Wa , 現金げんきん noun Genkin location/means De possessive No 手渡してわたし noun Tewatashi 労働ろうどう noun Roudou , 賃金ちんぎん noun Chingin 未払いみはらい noun Miharai , 偽装ぎそう noun Gisou 請負うけおい noun Ukeoi , マネー noun Money ロンダリング noun Laundering , 詐欺さぎ noun Sagi など particle Nado 非常ひじょう Hijou auxiliary-verb Ni 広いひろい adjective Hiroi 定義ていぎ noun Teigi object-marker Wo 含むふくむ verb Fukumu " ブラック noun Black 経済けいざい noun Keizai " direction/target Ni 対処たいしょ noun Taisho する verb Suru こと noun Koto auxiliary-verb De あっ verb A auxiliary-verb Ta and/with To 推定すいてい noun Suitei verb Sa auxiliary-verb Re , 年間ねんかん noun Nenkan やく Yaku 500 noun 500 おく noun Oku ドル noun Dollar and/with To 推定すいてい noun Suitei verb Sa auxiliary-verb Re particle Te いる verb Iru [ [ 1 noun 1 ]。 ??
From the government's perspective, enhanced enforcement tools were presented as necessary to address serious criminal activity.
政府せいふ noun Seifu possessive No 観点かんてん noun Kanten から from/because Kara , 厳格げんかく Genkaku auxiliary-verb Na 執行しっこう noun Shikkou ツール noun Tool topic-marker Wa 重大じゅうだい Juudai auxiliary-verb Na 犯罪はんざい noun Hanzai 活動かつどう noun Katsudou direction/target Ni 対処たいしょ noun Taisho する verb Suru ため noun Tame direction/target Ni 必要ひつよう noun Hitsuyou auxiliary-verb De ある verb Aru and/with To 提示ていじ noun Teiji verb Sa auxiliary-verb Re auxiliary-verb Ta .
The proposal specifically targeted "serious black economy offences relating to terrorism, drugs and child sex offences" - suggesting the government was attempting to frame this within the context of national security and protecting vulnerable populations [1], not targeting ordinary small business taxation disputes. **Why Experts Opposed It:** Accounting and tax professionals raised legitimate concerns: 1. **Undermining presumption of innocence:** The presumption of innocence is described by the Australian Attorney-General's Department as a "fundamental principle of the common law" [3].
この Kono 提案ていあん noun Teian topic-marker Wa 特にとくに adverb Tokuni " テロ noun Terrorism , 薬物やくぶつ noun Yakubutsu , 児童じどう noun Jidou せい Sei 犯罪はんざい noun Hanzai direction/target Ni 関するかんする verb Kansuru 重大じゅうだい Juudai auxiliary-verb Na ブラック noun Black 経済けいざい noun Keizai 犯罪はんざい noun Hanzai " object-marker Wo 標的ひょうてき noun Hyouteki direction/target Ni verb Shi particle Te verb I auxiliary-verb Ta 政府せいふ noun Seifu topic-marker Wa これ Kore object-marker Wo 国家こっか noun Kokka セキュリティ noun Security possessive No 文脈ぶんみゃく noun Bunmyaku ない Uchi location/means De , および conjunction Oyobi 脆弱ぜいじゃく noun Zeijaku auxiliary-verb Na 人々ひとびと noun Hitobito object-marker Wo 保護ほご noun Hogo する verb Suru 枠組みわくぐみ noun Wakugumi location/means De 位置いち noun Ichi づけよう verb Zukeyou and/with To verb Shi particle Te verb I auxiliary-verb Ta [ [ 1 noun 1 ]。 ??
Reversing it represents a significant departure from basic legal principles. 2. **ATO Already Has Extensive Powers:** The IPA noted that "the onus is already on the taxpayer to prove that a tax assessment is excessive," creating a de facto reverse onus in many circumstances [1].
一般いっぱん noun Ippan possessive No しょう Shou 規模きぼ noun Kibo 事業じぎょう noun Jigyou 税務ぜいむ noun Zeimu 紛争ふんそう noun Funsou object-marker Wo 標的ひょうてき noun Hyouteki direction/target Ni する verb Suru もの noun Mono auxiliary-verb De topic-marker Wa なかっ adjective Naka auxiliary-verb Ta .
Additional powers were seen as unnecessarily expansive. 3. **Risk of Wrongful Prosecution:** Experts warned that innocent people could be wrongly prosecuted because they cannot disprove an element, particularly vulnerable individuals without legal resources [1]. 4. **Potential for Misuse:** The IPA cited recent media investigations (Fairfax-Four Corners) highlighting "ATO's draconian powers" and "alleged misuse of those powers," expressing concern that expanded authorities could be applied unfairly [1]. **Comparative Analysis:** The proposal sits within a broader pattern of both major parties supporting enhanced enforcement for serious crimes.
* * * * 専門せんもん noun Senmon Ie subject-marker Ga 反対はんたい noun Hantai verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta 理由りゆう noun Riyuu : * * * *
However, the scope and safeguards matter.
会計かいけい noun Kaikei および conjunction Oyobi 税務ぜいむ noun Zeimu 専門せんもん noun Senmon Ie topic-marker Wa 正当せいとう noun Seitou auxiliary-verb Na 懸念けねん noun Kenen object-marker Wo 提起ていき noun Teiki verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta :
The 2019 proposal was more expansive than existing reverse onus provisions and was **rejected by experts** as unnecessary and potentially harmful.
1 noun 1 . . * * * * 無罪むざい noun Muzai possessive No 推定すいてい noun Suitei object-marker Wo 損なうそこなう verb Sokonau : * * * * 無罪むざい noun Muzai possessive No 推定すいてい noun Suitei topic-marker Wa オーストラリア noun Australia 司法しほう noun Shihou しょう Shou direction/target Ni よっ verb Yo particle Te " 慣習かんしゅう noun Kanshuu ほう noun Hou possessive No 基本きほん noun Kihon てき Mato 原則げんそく noun Gensoku " and/with To 記述きじゅつ noun Kijutsu verb Sa auxiliary-verb Re particle Te いる verb Iru [ [ 3 noun 3 ]。 ??
By comparison, when Labor governments have supported reverse onus provisions (e.g., in organized crime legislation), they have typically included stronger safeguards and more clearly delineated offences [4]. **Key Context:** This was a consultation proposal that generated significant professional opposition and appears not to have proceeded to implementation, based on available evidence.
これ Kore object-marker Wo 転換てんかん noun Tenkan する verb Suru こと noun Koto topic-marker Wa 基本きほん noun Kihon てき Mato auxiliary-verb Na 法律ほうりつ noun Houritsu 原則げんそく noun Gensoku から from/because Kara possessive No 重大じゅうだい Juudai auxiliary-verb Na 逸脱いつだつ noun Itsudatsu object-marker Wo 表すあらわす verb Arawasu .
It represents an attempt to expand existing legal tools, not a completely novel concept in Australian law.
2 noun 2 . . * * * * ATO noun ATO topic-marker Wa すでに adverb Sudeni 広範こうはん Kouhan auxiliary-verb Na 権限けんげん noun Kengen object-marker Wo 持っもっ verb Mo particle Te いる verb Iru : * * * * IPA noun IPA topic-marker Wa , すでに adverb Sudeni " 納税のうぜい noun Nouzei しゃ Mono direction/target Ni 対したいし verb Taishi particle Te 税務ぜいむ noun Zeimu 評価ひょうか noun Hyouka subject-marker Ga 過大かだい noun Kadai auxiliary-verb De ある verb Aru こと noun Koto object-marker Wo 証明しょうめい noun Shoumei する verb Suru 責任せきにん noun Sekinin subject-marker Ga ある verb Aru " こと noun Koto direction/target Ni より verb Yori , 多くおおく noun Ooku possessive No 状況じょうきょう noun Joukyou location/means De 事実じじつ noun Jijitsu じょう Ue possessive No 立証りっしょう noun Risshou 責任せきにん noun Sekinin 転換てんかん noun Tenkan subject-marker Ga 存在そんざい noun Sonzai verb Shi particle Te いる verb Iru and/with To 指摘してき noun Shiteki verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta [ [ 1 noun 1 ]。 ??
追加ついか noun Tsuika possessive No 権限けんげん noun Kengen topic-marker Wa Fu 必要ひつよう noun Hitsuyou auxiliary-verb Ni 広範こうはん Kouhan auxiliary-verb De ある verb Aru and/with To 見なさみなさ verb Minasa auxiliary-verb Re auxiliary-verb Ta .
3 noun 3 . . * * * * 誤っあやまっ verb Ayama auxiliary-verb Ta 起訴きそ noun Kiso possessive No リスク noun Risk : * * * * 専門せんもん noun Senmon Ie topic-marker Wa , 無実むじつ noun Mujitsu possessive No 人々ひとびと noun Hitobito subject-marker Ga 特にとくに adverb Tokuni 法的ほうてき Houteki 資源しげん noun Shigen possessive No ない adjective Nai 脆弱ぜいじゃく noun Zeijaku auxiliary-verb Na 個人こじん noun Kojin subject-marker Ga 要素ようそ noun Youso object-marker Wo 反証はんしょう noun Hanshou でき verb Deki ない auxiliary-verb Nai ため noun Tame direction/target Ni 誤っあやまっ verb Ayama particle Te 起訴きそ noun Kiso verb Sa れる auxiliary-verb Reru 可能かのう Kanou せい Sei subject-marker Ga ある verb Aru and/with To 警告けいこく noun Keikoku verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta [ [ 1 noun 1 ]。 ??
4 noun 4 . . * * * * 乱用らんよう noun Ran'you possessive No 可能かのう Kanou せい Sei : * * * * IPA noun IPA topic-marker Wa 最近さいきん noun Saikin possessive No メディア noun Media 調査ちょうさ noun Chousa ( フェアファックス・フォーコーナーズ noun Fea fax/fookoonaazu ) subject-marker Ga " ATO noun ATO possessive No 厳しいきびしい adjective Kibishii 権限けんげん noun Kengen " および conjunction Oyobi " これ Kore Ra possessive No 権限けんげん noun Kengen possessive No 推定すいてい noun Suitei 乱用らんよう noun Ran'you " object-marker Wo 強調きょうちょう noun Kyouchou verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta こと noun Koto object-marker Wo 引用いんよう noun In'you verb Shi , 拡大かくだい noun Kakudai verb Sa auxiliary-verb Re auxiliary-verb Ta 権限けんげん noun Kengen subject-marker Ga Fu 公平こうへい noun Kouhei auxiliary-verb Ni 適用てきよう noun Tekiyou verb Sa れる auxiliary-verb Reru 可能かのう Kanou せい Sei direction/target Ni つい verb Tsui particle Te 懸念けねん noun Kenen object-marker Wo 表明ひょうめい noun Hyoumei verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta [ [ 1 noun 1 ]。 ??
* * * * 比較ひかく noun Hikaku 分析ぶんせき noun Bunseki : * * * *
この Kono 提案ていあん noun Teian topic-marker Wa , りょう Ryou 主要しゅよう Shuyou 政党せいとう noun Seitou subject-marker Ga 重大じゅうだい Juudai 犯罪はんざい noun Hanzai direction/target Ni 対するたいする verb Taisuru 強化きょうか noun Kyouka verb Sa auxiliary-verb Re auxiliary-verb Ta 執行しっこう noun Shikkou object-marker Wo 支持しじ noun Shiji verb Shi particle Te verb Ki auxiliary-verb Ta and/with To いう verb Iu より particle Yori 広範こうはん Kouhan auxiliary-verb Na パターン noun Pattern possessive No なか noun Naka direction/target Ni ある verb Aru .
しかし conjunction Shikashi , 範囲はんい noun Han'i and/with To 保障ほしょう noun Hoshou 措置そち noun Sochi subject-marker Ga 重要じゅうよう Juuyou auxiliary-verb De ある verb Aru .
2019 noun 2019 ねん noun Nen possessive No 提案ていあん noun Teian topic-marker Wa , 既存きそん noun Kison possessive No 立証りっしょう noun Risshou 責任せきにん noun Sekinin 転換てんかん noun Tenkan 規定きてい noun Kitei より particle Yori also Mo 広範こうはん Kouhan auxiliary-verb De あり verb Ari , 専門せんもん noun Senmon Ie から from/because Kara Fu 必要ひつよう noun Hitsuyou auxiliary-verb De あり verb Ari 潜在せんざい noun Senzai てき Mato auxiliary-verb Ni 有害ゆうがい Yuugai auxiliary-verb De ある verb Aru and/with To * * * * 拒否きょひ noun Kyohi verb Sa auxiliary-verb Re auxiliary-verb Ta * * * * .
比較ひかく noun Hikaku する verb Suru and/with To , 労働ろうどう noun Roudou とう Tou 政権せいけん noun Seiken subject-marker Ga 立証りっしょう noun Risshou 責任せきにん noun Sekinin 転換てんかん noun Tenkan object-marker Wo 支持しじ noun Shiji verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta さい noun Sai ( れい noun Rei : 組織そしき noun Soshiki 犯罪はんざい noun Hanzai ほう noun Hou direction/target Ni おい verb Oi particle Te ) topic-marker Wa , 通常つうじょう noun Tsuujou より particle Yori 強力きょうりょく Kyouryoku auxiliary-verb Na 保障ほしょう noun Hoshou 措置そち noun Sochi and/with To より particle Yori 明確めいかく Meikaku auxiliary-verb Ni 定義ていぎ noun Teigi verb Sa auxiliary-verb Re auxiliary-verb Ta 犯罪はんざい noun Hanzai object-marker Wo 含めふくめ verb Fukume particle Te verb Ki auxiliary-verb Ta [ [ 4 noun 4 ]。 ??
* * * * 重要じゅうよう Juuyou auxiliary-verb Na 文脈ぶんみゃく noun Bunmyaku : * * * * これ Kore topic-marker Wa , 実施じっし noun Jisshi direction/target Ni 進ますすま verb Susuma なかっ auxiliary-verb Naka auxiliary-verb Ta and/with To 思わおもわ verb Omowa れる auxiliary-verb Reru 重大じゅうだい Juudai auxiliary-verb Na 専門せんもん noun Senmon てき Mato auxiliary-verb Na 反対はんたい noun Hantai object-marker Wo 生み出しうみだし verb Umidashi auxiliary-verb Ta 諮問しもん noun Shimon 提案ていあん noun Teian auxiliary-verb De あっ verb A auxiliary-verb Ta .
オーストラリア noun Australia ほう noun Hou direction/target Ni おけ verb Oke auxiliary-verb Ru 全くまったく adverb Mattaku 新しいあたらしい adjective Atarashii 概念がいねん noun Gainen location/means De topic-marker Wa なく adjective Naku , 既存きそん noun Kison possessive No 法的ほうてき Houteki ツール noun Tool object-marker Wo 拡大かくだい noun Kakudai しよう verb Shiyou and/with To する verb Suru 試みこころみ noun Kokoromi object-marker Wo 表しあらわし verb Arawashi particle Te いる verb Iru .

部分的に真実

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財務ざいむ noun Zaimu しょう Shou topic-marker Wa 2019 noun 2019 ねん noun Nen possessive No 諮問しもん noun Shimon しょ Sho possessive No 一環いっかん noun Ikkan and/with To verb Shi particle Te , 特定とくてい noun Tokutei possessive No 重大じゅうだい Juudai auxiliary-verb Na ブラック noun Black 経済けいざい noun Keizai 犯罪はんざい noun Hanzai direction/target Ni つい verb Tsui particle Te 立証りっしょう noun Risshou 責任せきにん noun Sekinin object-marker Wo 転換てんかん noun Tenkan する verb Suru こと noun Koto object-marker Wo * * * * 確かたしか Tashika auxiliary-verb Ni * * * * 提案ていあん noun Teian verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta [ [ 1 noun 1 ]。 ??
The Treasury **did** propose reversing the burden of proof for certain serious black economy offences as part of a 2019 consultation paper [1].
しかし conjunction Shikashi , この Kono 主張しゅちょう noun Shuchou topic-marker Wa 以下いか noun Ika possessive No てん noun Ten location/means De 著しくいちじるしく adjective Ichijirushiku 誇張こちょう noun Kochou verb Shi particle Te いる verb Iru :
However, the claim significantly overstates this by: 1. **Implying finalization:** Presenting it as a definitive "proposal" rather than a consultation question being tested 2. **Overstating scope:** The claim suggests blanket reversal for "tax fraud and money laundering crimes" generally, when the consultation specifically mentioned "serious black economy offences relating to terrorism, drugs and child sex offences" 3. **Missing the opposition:** The claim doesn't reflect that expert consensus strongly opposed the measure 4. **Lacking context:** Doesn't mention this was merely one option among several in a consultation paper The accurate statement is: "Treasury's 2019 consultation paper asked whether the government should reverse the burden of proof for serious black economy offences related to specific crimes (terrorism, drugs, child sexual abuse) as part of broader black economy enforcement proposals."
1 noun 1 . . * * * * 確定かくてい noun Kakutei Bake object-marker Wo 示唆しさ noun Shisa : * * * * これ Kore object-marker Wo 諮問しもん noun Shimon verb Sa auxiliary-verb Re particle Te いる verb Iru 質問しつもん noun Shitsumon location/means De topic-marker Wa なく adjective Naku 確定かくてい noun Kakutei verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta " 提案ていあん noun Teian " and/with To verb Shi particle Te 提示ていじ noun Teiji verb Shi particle Te いる verb Iru
2 noun 2 . . * * * * 範囲はんい noun Han'i object-marker Wo 誇大こだい Kodai : * * * * 主張しゅちょう noun Shuchou topic-marker Wa " 税務ぜいむ noun Zeimu 詐欺さぎ noun Sagi および conjunction Oyobi マネー noun Money ロンダリング noun Laundering 犯罪はんざい noun Hanzai " direction/target Ni つい verb Tsui particle Te 包括ほうかつ noun Houkatsu てき Mato auxiliary-verb Na 転換てんかん noun Tenkan object-marker Wo 示唆しさ noun Shisa verb Shi particle Te いる verb Iru subject-marker Ga , 諮問しもん noun Shimon topic-marker Wa " テロ noun Terrorism , 薬物やくぶつ noun Yakubutsu , 児童じどう noun Jidou せい Sei 犯罪はんざい noun Hanzai direction/target Ni 関するかんする verb Kansuru 重大じゅうだい Juudai auxiliary-verb Na ブラック noun Black 経済けいざい noun Keizai 犯罪はんざい noun Hanzai " direction/target Ni つい verb Tsui particle Te 具体ぐたい noun Gutai てき Mato auxiliary-verb Ni 言及げんきゅう noun Genkyuu verb Shi particle Te verb I auxiliary-verb Ta
3 noun 3 . . * * * * 反対はんたい noun Hantai 意見いけん noun Iken object-marker Wo 欠落けつらく noun Ketsuraku : * * * * 主張しゅちょう noun Shuchou topic-marker Wa , 専門せんもん noun Senmon Ie possessive No コンセンサス noun Consensus subject-marker Ga 強くつよく adjective Tsuyoku この Kono 措置そち noun Sochi direction/target Ni 反対はんたい noun Hantai verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta こと noun Koto object-marker Wo 反映はんえい noun Han'ei verb Shi particle Te verb I ない auxiliary-verb Nai
4 noun 4 . . * * * * 文脈ぶんみゃく noun Bunmyaku object-marker Wo 欠いかい verb Kai particle Te いる verb Iru : * * * * これ Kore subject-marker Ga 諮問しもん noun Shimon しょ Sho direction/target Ni おけ verb Oke auxiliary-verb Ru 複数ふくすう noun Fukusuu possessive No オプション noun Option possessive No 1 noun 1 Tsu direction/target Ni 過ぎすぎ verb Sugi なかっ auxiliary-verb Naka auxiliary-verb Ta こと noun Koto object-marker Wo 言及げんきゅう noun Genkyuu verb Shi particle Te verb I ない auxiliary-verb Nai
正確せいかく noun Seikaku auxiliary-verb Na 記述きじゅつ noun Kijutsu topic-marker Wa : " 財務ざいむ noun Zaimu しょう Shou possessive No 2019 noun 2019 ねん noun Nen 諮問しもん noun Shimon しょ Sho topic-marker Wa , 政府せいふ noun Seifu subject-marker Ga ブラック noun Black 経済けいざい noun Keizai possessive No 執行しっこう noun Shikkou 強化きょうか noun Kyouka 提案ていあん noun Teian possessive No 一環いっかん noun Ikkan and/with To verb Shi particle Te , 特定とくてい noun Tokutei possessive No 犯罪はんざい noun Hanzai ( テロ noun Terrorism , 薬物やくぶつ noun Yakubutsu , 児童じどう noun Jidou 性的せいてき Seiteki 虐待ぎゃくたい noun Gyakutai ) direction/target Ni 関連かんれん noun Kanren する verb Suru 重大じゅうだい Juudai auxiliary-verb Na ブラック noun Black 経済けいざい noun Keizai 犯罪はんざい noun Hanzai direction/target Ni つい verb Tsui particle Te 立証りっしょう noun Risshou 責任せきにん noun Sekinin object-marker Wo 転換てんかん noun Tenkan verb Su べき auxiliary-verb Beki question Ka どう adverb Dou question Ka object-marker Wo 問うとう verb Tou auxiliary-verb Ta .
"

📚 出典と引用 (5)

  1. 1
    abc.net.au

    abc.net.au

    Tax experts and business lobbies hit out against a Treasury proposal to reverse the onus of proof for certain offences in the unrecorded cash economy, which would force the accused to prove their innocence.

    Abc Net
  2. 2
    abc.net.au

    abc.net.au

    A parliamentary inquiry suggests sweeping changes to the law to better protect vulnerable taxpayers, including reversing the onus of proof for cases of fraud and evasion. 

    Abc Net
  3. 3
    ag.gov.au

    ag.gov.au

    Ag Gov

  4. 4
    alrc.gov.au

    alrc.gov.au

    9.64     This section identifies a number of Commonwealth laws that place a legal burden on the defendant in respect of particular issues. Offences that reverse the legal burden of proof on an issue essential to culpability arguably provide the greatest interference with the presumption of innocence, and their necessity requires the strongest justification. Such laws, ...

    ALRC
  5. 5
    nswcourts.com.au

    nswcourts.com.au

    Did you know that some offences require you to prove your innocence, rather than the prosecution proving your guilt? Read our blog to find out more about this.

    NSW Courts | New South Wales Courts

評価スケールの方法論

1-3: 虚偽

事実に反する、または悪意のある捏造。

4-6: 部分的

一部は真実だが、文脈が欠如または歪曲されている。

7-9: ほぼ真実

軽微な技術的問題または表現上の問題。

10: 正確

完全に検証済みで、文脈的に公正。

方法論: 評価は、公式の政府記録、独立したファクトチェック機関、および一次資料の相互参照を通じて決定されます。