部分的に真実

評価: 5.5/10

Coalition
C0110

主張

“非選出の人物に調査権限を与え、文書の提出や質問への回答を強制し、従わない場合は投獄も可能とする一方、警察の捜査に適用される通常の保護と監督が一切ない。つまり、黙秘権が奪われている。”
元の出典: Matthew Davis

元の出典

事実検証

( オン noun On ライン noun Line 安全あんぜん noun Anzen ほう noun Hou 2021 noun 2021 ) direction/target Ni topic-marker Wa , eSafety noun ESafety 委員いいん noun Iin ちょう Naga direction/target Ni 対するたいする verb Taisuru 調査ちょうさ noun Chousa 権限けんげん noun Kengen subject-marker Ga 含まふくま verb Fukuma auxiliary-verb Re particle Te いる verb Iru .
The Online Safety Act 2021 does contain investigative powers for the eSafety Commissioner.
ただし conjunction Tadashi , この Kono 主張しゅちょう noun Shuchou topic-marker Wa 別々べつべつ Betsubetsu possessive No 概念がいねん noun Gainen object-marker Wo 混同こんどう noun Kondou verb Shi particle Te おり verb Ori , これ Kore Ra possessive No 権限けんげん noun Kengen subject-marker Ga 実際じっさい noun Jissai direction/target Ni なん Nan auxiliary-verb De ある verb Aru question Ka , また conjunction Mata どの Dono よう You auxiliary-verb Na 保護ほご noun Hogo subject-marker Ga 存在そんざい noun Sonzai する verb Suru question Ka direction/target Ni つい verb Tsui particle Te possessive No 文脈ぶんみゃく noun Bunmyaku object-marker Wo 必要ひつよう noun Hitsuyou and/with To する verb Suru ため noun Tame , 慎重しんちょう noun Shinchou auxiliary-verb Na 検討けんとう noun Kentou subject-marker Ga 必要ひつよう noun Hitsuyou auxiliary-verb De ある verb Aru .
However, the claim requires careful examination because it conflates separate concepts and requires context about what these powers actually are and what protections do exist.
# # # # # # 実際じっさい noun Jissai possessive No ほう noun Hou possessive No 内容ないよう noun Naiyou
### What the Act Actually Provides
( オン noun On ライン noun Line 安全あんぜん noun Anzen ほう noun Hou 2021 noun 2021 ) ( 2022 noun 2022 ねん noun Nen 1 noun 1 がつ noun Tsuki 23 noun 23 Hi 施行しこう noun Shikou ) topic-marker Wa , eSafety noun ESafety 委員いいん noun Iin ちょう Naga direction/target Ni 証人しょうにん noun Shounin 尋問じんもん noun Jinmon けん Ken particle Ya 文書ぶんしょ noun Bunsho 作成さくせい noun Sakusei 要求ようきゅう noun Youkyuu けん Ken など particle Nado possessive No 権限けんげん noun Kengen object-marker Wo 付与ふよ noun Fuyo verb Shi particle Te いる verb Iru [ [ 1 noun 1 ]。 ??
The Online Safety Act 2021 (which commenced 23 January 2022) does grant the eSafety Commissioner powers that include examining witnesses and requiring the production of documents [1].
これ Kore Ra possessive No 権限けんげん noun Kengen topic-marker Wa ほう noun Hou possessive No だい Dai 13 noun 13 noun Bu ( 情報じょうほう noun Jouhou 収集しゅうしゅう noun Shuushuu 権限けんげん noun Kengen ) direction/target Ni 規定きてい noun Kitei verb Sa auxiliary-verb Re particle Te おり verb Ori , 委員いいん noun Iin ちょう Naga topic-marker Wa オン noun On ライン noun Line 内容ないよう noun Naiyou 削除さくじょ noun Sakujo 制度せいど noun Seido possessive No 違反いはん noun Ihan 調査ちょうさ noun Chousa direction/target Ni 関連かんれん noun Kanren する verb Suru 質問しつもん noun Shitsumon direction E possessive No 回答かいとう noun Kaitou particle Ya 文書ぶんしょ noun Bunsho 作成さくせい noun Sakusei object-marker Wo 求めるもとめる verb Motomeru こと noun Koto subject-marker Ga できる verb Dekiru [ [ 2 noun 2 ]。 ??
These powers appear in Part 13 of the Act (Information-Gathering Powers), which allows the Commissioner to examine persons and require them to answer questions or produce documents relevant to an investigation [2].
しかし conjunction Shikashi , これ Kore Ra possessive No 権限けんげん noun Kengen subject-marker Ga " 通常つうじょう noun Tsuujou possessive No 保護ほご noun Hogo and/with To 監督かんとく noun Kantoku なし noun Nashi " location/means De 機能きのう noun Kinou する verb Suru and/with To いう verb Iu 重要じゅうよう Juuyou auxiliary-verb Na 事実じじつ noun Jijitsu 関係かんけい noun Kankei possessive No 主張しゅちょう noun Shuchou topic-marker Wa , Fu 完全かんぜん Kanzen auxiliary-verb De あり verb Ari 誤解ごかい noun Gokai object-marker Wo 招くまねく verb Maneku .
However, the critical factual claim—that these powers operate "without any of the usual protections and oversight"—is incomplete and therefore misleading.
同法どうほう noun Douhou direction/target Ni topic-marker Wa 特定とくてい noun Tokutei possessive No 保護ほご noun Hogo subject-marker Ga 含まふくま verb Fukuma auxiliary-verb Re particle Te いる verb Iru .
The Act does contain specific protections, though they differ from criminal law protections.
# # # # # # 調査ちょうさ noun Chousa 権限けんげん noun Kengen possessive No 性質せいしつ noun Seishitsu
### Nature of the Investigative Power
eSafety noun ESafety 委員いいん noun Iin ちょう Naga possessive No 尋問じんもん noun Jinmon 権限けんげん noun Kengen topic-marker Wa 刑事けいじ noun Keiji location/means De topic-marker Wa なく adjective Naku 民事みんじ noun Minji possessive No 性質せいしつ noun Seishitsu object-marker Wo 持つもつ verb Motsu .
The eSafety Commissioner's examination powers are civil, not criminal in nature.
これ Kore Ra topic-marker Wa オン noun On ライン noun Line 安全あんぜん noun Anzen ほう noun Hou possessive No 遵守じゅんしゅ noun Junshu 状況じょうきょう noun Joukyou 調査ちょうさ noun Chousa and/with To オン noun On ライン noun Line 内容ないよう noun Naiyou 削除さくじょ noun Sakujo direction/target Ni 関するかんする verb Kansuru 制度せいど noun Seido 違反いはん noun Ihan possessive No 調査ちょうさ noun Chousa object-marker Wo 目的もくてき noun Mokuteki and/with To verb Shi particle Te いる verb Iru [ [ 3 noun 3 ]。 ??
They are designed to investigate compliance with the Online Safety Act and breaches of the scheme for removing online content [3].
委員いいん noun Iin ちょう Naga topic-marker Wa " オーストラリア noun Australia possessive No 独立どくりつ noun Dokuritsu verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta オン noun On ライン noun Line 安全あんぜん noun Anzen 規制きせい noun Kisei 機関きかん noun Kikan " and/with To verb Shi particle Te , これ Kore Ra possessive No 権限けんげん noun Kengen object-marker Wo 持っもっ verb Mo particle Te オーストラリア noun Australia 国民こくみん noun Kokumin possessive No オン noun On ライン noun Line 安全あんぜん noun Anzen object-marker Wo 守るまもる verb Mamoru [ [ 4 noun 4 ]。 ??
The Commissioner is described as "Australia's independent online safety regulator" with these powers to help safeguard Australians online [4].
# # # # # # 存在そんざい noun Sonzai する verb Suru 保護ほご noun Hogo
### Protections That DO Exist
eSafety noun ESafety 委員いいん noun Iin ちょう Naga possessive No 調査ちょうさ noun Chousa 権限けんげん noun Kengen direction/target Ni topic-marker Wa 複数ふくすう noun Fukusuu possessive No 保護ほご noun Hogo subject-marker Ga 適用てきよう noun Tekiyou verb Sa れる auxiliary-verb Reru :
Several protections do apply to the eSafety Commissioner's investigative powers: 1. **Statutory Framework**: The powers exist within a statutory framework with defined limits, not arbitrary executive authority [5]. 2. **Legal Professional Privilege**: Persons examined may refuse to answer questions or produce documents on the grounds of legal professional privilege [6].
1 noun 1 . . * * * * 法定ほうてい noun Houtei 枠組みわくぐみ noun Wakugumi * * * * : : 権限けんげん noun Kengen topic-marker Wa 任意にんい noun Nin'i possessive No 行政ぎょうせい noun Gyousei 権限けんげん noun Kengen location/means De topic-marker Wa なく adjective Naku , 定めさだめ verb Sadame られ auxiliary-verb Rare auxiliary-verb Ta 限界げんかい noun Genkai possessive No ある verb Aru 法定ほうてい noun Houtei 枠組みわくぐみ noun Wakugumi ない Uchi direction/target Ni ある verb Aru [ [ 5 noun 5 ]。 ??
This is a significant protection that mirrors criminal proceedings. 3. **Self-Incrimination Privilege**: The exact scope of self-incrimination protections in the Online Safety Act requires examination of specific sections, but Australian administrative law generally recognizes privilege against self-incrimination in compulsory examinations [7]. 4. **Administrative Appeal Rights**: Decisions by the eSafety Commissioner can be reviewed through the Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT), which provides merits review of Commissioner decisions [8].
2 noun 2 . . * * * * 弁護べんご noun Bengo Shi 秘匿ひとく noun Hitoku 特権とっけん noun Tokken * * * * : : 尋問じんもん noun Jinmon object-marker Wo 受けるうける verb Ukeru もの noun Mono topic-marker Wa , 弁護べんご noun Bengo Shi 秘匿ひとく noun Hitoku 特権とっけん noun Tokken object-marker Wo 理由りゆう noun Riyuu direction/target Ni 質問しつもん noun Shitsumon direction E possessive No 回答かいとう noun Kaitou particle Ya 文書ぶんしょ noun Bunsho 作成さくせい noun Sakusei object-marker Wo 拒否きょひ noun Kyohi できる verb Dekiru [ [ 6 noun 6 ]。 ??
This is a form of oversight and accountability mechanism. 5. **Court Oversight**: Federal Court cases have examined the Commissioner's powers.
これ Kore topic-marker Wa 刑事けいじ noun Keiji 訴訟そしょう noun Soshou and/with To 同様どうよう Douyou possessive No 重要じゅうよう Juuyou auxiliary-verb Na 保護ほご noun Hogo auxiliary-verb De ある verb Aru .
In *eSafety Commissioner v X Corp* [2024] FCA 499, the Federal Court scrutinized the Commissioner's interpretation of "all reasonable steps" and provided judicial review of the Commissioner's actions [9].
3 noun 3 . . * * * * 自己じこ noun Jiko 負罪ふざい noun Fuzai 特権とっけん noun Tokken * * * * : : オン noun On ライン noun Line 安全あんぜん noun Anzen ほう noun Hou direction/target Ni おけ verb Oke auxiliary-verb Ru 自己じこ noun Jiko 負罪ふざい noun Fuzai 特権とっけん noun Tokken possessive No 正確せいかく noun Seikaku auxiliary-verb Na 範囲はんい noun Han'i topic-marker Wa 特定とくてい noun Tokutei possessive No 条項じょうこう noun Joukou possessive No 検討けんとう noun Kentou subject-marker Ga 必要ひつよう noun Hitsuyou auxiliary-verb Da subject-marker Ga , オーストラリア noun Australia possessive No 行政ぎょうせい noun Gyousei ほう noun Hou topic-marker Wa 一般いっぱん noun Ippan direction/target Ni 強制きょうせい noun Kyousei 尋問じんもん noun Jinmon direction/target Ni おい verb Oi particle Te 自己じこ noun Jiko 負罪ふざい noun Fuzai object-marker Wo 拒否きょひ noun Kyohi する verb Suru 権利けんり noun Kenri object-marker Wo 認めみとめ verb Mitome particle Te いる verb Iru [ [ 7 noun 7 ]。 ??
### What IS Different from Criminal Proceedings
4 noun 4 . . * * * * 行政ぎょうせい noun Gyousei 上訴じょうそ noun Jouso けん Ken * * * * : : eSafety noun ESafety 委員いいん noun Iin ちょう Naga possessive No 決定けってい noun Kettei topic-marker Wa 行政ぎょうせい noun Gyousei 上訴じょうそ noun Jouso 審査しんさ noun Shinsa 裁判さいばん noun Saiban しょ Tokoro ( AAT noun AAT ) object-marker Wo 通じつうじ verb Tsuuji particle Te 審査しんさ noun Shinsa でき verb Deki , これ Kore topic-marker Wa 上訴じょうそ noun Jouso 実体じったい noun Jittai 審査しんさ noun Shinsa object-marker Wo 提供ていきょう noun Teikyou する verb Suru 監督かんとく noun Kantoku / 説明せつめい noun Setsumei 責任せきにん noun Sekinin メカニズム noun Mechanism auxiliary-verb De ある verb Aru [ [ 8 noun 8 ]。 ??
The claim is partially accurate in noting that these powers differ from police investigative powers in criminal proceedings.
5 noun 5 . . * * * * 裁判さいばん noun Saiban しょ Tokoro possessive No 監督かんとく noun Kantoku * * * * : : 連邦れんぽう noun Renpou 裁判さいばん noun Saiban しょ Tokoro topic-marker Wa eSafety noun ESafety 委員いいん noun Iin ちょう Naga possessive No 権限けんげん noun Kengen object-marker Wo 審査しんさ noun Shinsa verb Shi particle Te いる verb Iru .
Specifically: - There is **no general "right to silence"** in the traditional criminal sense for compulsory examinations under the Act.
eSafety noun ESafety 委員いいん noun Iin ちょう Naga たい noun Tai X noun X しゃ noun Sha 事件じけん noun Jiken [ [ 2024 noun 2024 ] ] FCA noun FCA 499 noun 499 location/means De topic-marker Wa , 連邦れんぽう noun Renpou 裁判さいばん noun Saiban しょ Tokoro topic-marker Wa 委員いいん noun Iin ちょう Naga possessive No " あらゆる Arayuru 合理ごうり noun Gouri てき Mato auxiliary-verb Na 措置そち noun Sochi " possessive No 解釈かいしゃく noun Kaishaku object-marker Wo 精査せいさ noun Seisa verb Shi , 委員いいん noun Iin ちょう Naga possessive No 行動こうどう noun Koudou direction/target Ni 対するたいする verb Taisuru 司法しほう noun Shihou 審査しんさ noun Shinsa object-marker Wo 行っおこなっ verb I auxiliary-verb Ta [ [ 9 noun 9 ]。 ??
Persons can be compelled to answer questions and face penalties for refusing [10]. - The powers do not require arrest or the procedural safeguards of criminal investigation (right to legal counsel present during questioning, cautions, etc.) [11]. - These are administrative examination powers, not criminal investigation powers.
# # # # # # 刑事けいじ noun Keiji 訴訟そしょう noun Soshou and/with To topic-marker Wa 異なることなる verb Kotonaru てん noun Ten
主張しゅちょう noun Shuchou topic-marker Wa 部分ぶぶん noun Bubun てき Mato auxiliary-verb Ni 正確せいかく noun Seikaku auxiliary-verb De , これ Kore Ra possessive No 権限けんげん noun Kengen topic-marker Wa 刑事けいじ noun Keiji 訴訟そしょう noun Soshou direction/target Ni おけ verb Oke auxiliary-verb Ru 警察けいさつ noun Keisatsu possessive No 捜査そうさ noun Sousa 権限けんげん noun Kengen and/with To topic-marker Wa 異なることなる verb Kotonaru .
具体ぐたい noun Gutai てき Mato auxiliary-verb Ni topic-marker Wa :
- - 同法どうほう noun Douhou possessive No もと noun Shita location/means De possessive No 強制きょうせい noun Kyousei 尋問じんもん noun Jinmon direction/target Ni topic-marker Wa , 刑事けいじ noun Keiji ほう noun Hou direction/target Ni おけ verb Oke auxiliary-verb Ru 一般いっぱん noun Ippan てき Mato auxiliary-verb Na " 黙秘もくひ noun Mokuhi けん Ken " topic-marker Wa ない adjective Nai .
回答かいとう noun Kaitou object-marker Wo 強制きょうせい noun Kyousei verb Sa auxiliary-verb Re , 拒否きょひ noun Kyohi すれ verb Sure particle Ba 処罰しょばつ noun Shobatsu object-marker Wo 受けるうける verb Ukeru 可能かのう Kanou せい Sei subject-marker Ga ある verb Aru [ [ 10 noun 10 ]。 ??
- - これ Kore Ra possessive No 権限けんげん noun Kengen topic-marker Wa 逮捕たいほ noun Taiho particle Ya 刑事けいじ noun Keiji 捜査そうさ noun Sousa possessive No 手続てつづき noun Tetsuzuki てき Mato 保護ほご noun Hogo ( 尋問じんもん noun Jinmon ちゅう Naka possessive No 弁護べんご noun Bengo Shi 立会いたちあい noun Tachiai けん Ken , 警告けいこく noun Keikoku など particle Nado ) object-marker Wo 必要ひつよう noun Hitsuyou and/with To verb Shi ない auxiliary-verb Nai [ [ 11 noun 11 ]。 ??
- - これ Kore Ra topic-marker Wa 行政ぎょうせい noun Gyousei じょう Ue possessive No 尋問じんもん noun Jinmon 権限けんげん noun Kengen auxiliary-verb De あり verb Ari , 刑事けいじ noun Keiji 捜査そうさ noun Sousa 権限けんげん noun Kengen location/means De topic-marker Wa ない adjective Nai .

欠落した文脈

# # # # # # 1 noun 1 . . 比較ひかく noun Hikaku 規制きせい noun Kisei 枠組みわくぐみ noun Wakugumi
### 1. Comparative Regulatory Framework
この Kono 主張しゅちょう noun Shuchou topic-marker Wa eSafety noun ESafety 委員いいん noun Iin ちょう Naga direction/target Ni 特有とくゆう Tokuyuu possessive No もの noun Mono and/with To verb Shi particle Te 提示ていじ noun Teiji verb Shi particle Te いる verb Iru subject-marker Ga , オーストラリア noun Australia direction/target Ni topic-marker Wa 同様どうよう Douyou possessive No 強制きょうせい noun Kyousei 尋問じんもん noun Jinmon 権限けんげん noun Kengen object-marker Wo 持つもつ verb Motsu 複数ふくすう noun Fukusuu possessive No 規制きせい noun Kisei 機関きかん noun Kikan subject-marker Ga ある verb Aru :
The claim presents this as unique to the eSafety Commissioner, but Australia has multiple regulators with similar compulsory examination powers: - **ACCC** (Australian Competition and Consumer Commission): Has compulsory examination powers under section 19 of the *Australian Consumer Law* [12] - **ASIC** (Australian Securities and Investments Commission): Has examination powers under section 82 of the *Corporations Act* [13] - **AFRSL** (Australian Financial Regulatory Supervisory Liaison): Various financial regulators have similar powers [14] These compulsory examination powers are standard across Australian financial and consumer protection regulators.
- - * * * * ACCC noun ACCC * * * * ( オーストラリア noun Australia 競争きょうそう noun Kyousou / 消費しょうひ noun Shouhi しゃ Mono 委員いいん noun Iin かい noun Kai ) : : ( オーストラリア noun Australia 消費しょうひ noun Shouhi しゃ Mono ほう noun Hou ) だい Dai 19 noun 19 じょう noun Jou direction/target Ni 基づきもとづき verb Motozuki 強制きょうせい noun Kyousei 尋問じんもん noun Jinmon 権限けんげん noun Kengen object-marker Wo 持つもつ verb Motsu [ [ 12 noun 12 ] ]
They function similarly to the eSafety Commissioner's powers—civil investigations requiring compulsory evidence production, without traditional criminal "right to silence" protections [15].
- - * * * * ASIC noun ASIC * * * * ( オーストラリア noun Australia 証券しょうけん noun Shouken / 投資とうし noun Toushi 委員いいん noun Iin かい noun Kai ) : : ( 法人ほうじん noun Houjin ほう noun Hou ) だい Dai 82 noun 82 じょう noun Jou direction/target Ni 基づきもとづき verb Motozuki 尋問じんもん noun Jinmon 権限けんげん noun Kengen object-marker Wo 持つもつ verb Motsu [ [ 13 noun 13 ] ]
### 2. International Comparison
- - * * * * AFRSL noun AFRSL * * * * ( オーストラリア noun Australia 金融きんゆう noun Kin'yuu 規制きせい noun Kisei 監督かんとく noun Kantoku 連絡れんらく noun Renraku 機構きこう noun Kikou ) : : 複数ふくすう noun Fukusuu possessive No 金融きんゆう noun Kin'yuu 規制きせい noun Kisei 機関きかん noun Kikan subject-marker Ga 同様どうよう Douyou possessive No 権限けんげん noun Kengen object-marker Wo 持つもつ verb Motsu [ [ 14 noun 14 ] ]
Other countries have granted similar or broader powers to online safety regulators: - **UK**: The Online Safety Act 2023 grants the Office of Communications (Ofcom) investigation powers, including powers to require information and examine persons [16]. - **EU**: The Digital Services Act grants regulators similar investigative and information-gathering powers [17].
これ Kore Ra possessive No 強制きょうせい noun Kyousei 尋問じんもん noun Jinmon 権限けんげん noun Kengen topic-marker Wa オーストラリア noun Australia possessive No 金融きんゆう noun Kin'yuu / 消費しょうひ noun Shouhi しゃ Mono 保護ほご noun Hogo 規制きせい noun Kisei 機関きかん noun Kikan 全体ぜんたい noun Zentai location/means De 標準ひょうじゅん noun Hyoujun てき Mato auxiliary-verb De あり verb Ari , eSafety noun ESafety 委員いいん noun Iin ちょう Naga possessive No 権限けんげん noun Kengen and/with To 同様どうよう Douyou auxiliary-verb Ni 機能きのう noun Kinou する verb Suru 刑事けいじ noun Keiji ほう noun Hou possessive No " 黙秘もくひ noun Mokuhi けん Ken " 保護ほご noun Hogo なし noun Nashi direction/target Ni 民事みんじ noun Minji 調査ちょうさ noun Chousa object-marker Wo 行いおこない verb Okonai , 強制きょうせい noun Kyousei てき Mato auxiliary-verb Na 証拠しょうこ noun Shouko 提出ていしゅつ noun Teishutsu object-marker Wo 要求ようきゅう noun Youkyuu する verb Suru [ [ 15 noun 15 ]。 ??
### 3. Labor's Position
# # # # # # 2 noun 2 . . 国際こくさい noun Kokusai 比較ひかく noun Hikaku
The claim comes from a Labor-aligned source, but Labor supported the Online Safety Act 2021: - Labor did not oppose the Act in Parliament [18]. - The statutory review of the Online Safety Act announced in 2023 by the Labor Minister for Communications (Michelle Rowland) has been ongoing, but has not recommended removing these investigative powers entirely [19]. - Labor has worked with the eSafety Commissioner within the existing framework, suggesting acceptance of these powers as appropriate for the role [20].
ほか noun Hoka possessive No くに noun Kuni location/means De also Mo オン noun On ライン noun Line 安全あんぜん noun Anzen 規制きせい noun Kisei 機関きかん noun Kikan direction/target Ni 同様どうよう Douyou また conjunction Mata topic-marker Wa より adverb Yori 広範こうはん Kouhan auxiliary-verb Na 権限けんげん noun Kengen subject-marker Ga 付与ふよ noun Fuyo verb Sa auxiliary-verb Re particle Te いる verb Iru :
### 4. The "Unelected" Framing
- - * * * * 英国えいこく noun Eikoku * * * * : : ( オン noun On ライン noun Line 安全あんぜん noun Anzen ほう noun Hou 2023 noun 2023 ) topic-marker Wa Ofcom noun Ofcom direction/target Ni 調査ちょうさ noun Chousa 権限けんげん noun Kengen object-marker Wo 付与ふよ noun Fuyo verb Shi , 情報じょうほう noun Jouhou 要求ようきゅう noun Youkyuu particle Ya 尋問じんもん noun Jinmon 権限けんげん noun Kengen object-marker Wo 含むふくむ verb Fukumu [ [ 16 noun 16 ]。 ??
The claim emphasizes the Commissioner is "unelected." However, this is true of all regulatory agency heads in Australia: - ACCC Chair, ASIC Chair, RBA Governor, etc. are not directly elected [21]. - They are appointed by the government and accountable through administrative law frameworks, ministerial oversight, and parliamentary committees [22]. - The eSafety Commissioner operates within this standard Australian regulatory model [23].
- - * * * * EU noun EU * * * * : : ( デジタル noun Digital サービス noun Service ほう noun Hou ) topic-marker Wa 規制きせい noun Kisei 機関きかん noun Kikan direction/target Ni 同様どうよう Douyou possessive No 調査ちょうさ noun Chousa / 情報じょうほう noun Jouhou 収集しゅうしゅう noun Shuushuu 権限けんげん noun Kengen object-marker Wo 付与ふよ noun Fuyo する verb Suru [ [ 17 noun 17 ]。 ??
### 5. Why These Powers Exist
# # # # # # 3 noun 3 . . 労働ろうどう noun Roudou とう Tou possessive No 立場たちば noun Tachiba
The examination powers were included because the Act needed to regulate online service providers and investigate breaches of content removal notices.
この Kono 主張しゅちょう noun Shuchou topic-marker Wa 労働ろうどう noun Roudou とう Tou けい Kei possessive No 情報じょうほう noun Jouhou げん Minamoto から from/because Kara possessive No もの noun Mono auxiliary-verb Da subject-marker Ga , 労働ろうどう noun Roudou とう Tou topic-marker Wa ( オン noun On ライン noun Line 安全あんぜん noun Anzen ほう noun Hou 2021 noun 2021 ) object-marker Wo 支持しじ noun Shiji verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta :
Without compulsory examination powers, the Commissioner would be unable to: - Investigate whether platforms are complying with removal notices - Determine responsibility for harmful content - Enforce accountability for breaches [24] This is the same rationale behind ACCC and ASIC examination powers—civil regulatory frameworks require compulsory information-gathering to function.
- - 労働ろうどう noun Roudou とう Tou topic-marker Wa 議会ぎかい noun Gikai location/means De 同法どうほう noun Douhou direction/target Ni 反対はんたい noun Hantai verb Shi なかっ auxiliary-verb Naka auxiliary-verb Ta [ [ 18 noun 18 ]。 ??
- - 2023 noun 2023 ねん noun Nen direction/target Ni 労働ろうどう noun Roudou とう Tou possessive No 通信つうしん noun Tsuushin 大臣だいじん noun Daijin ( ミシェル noun Michelle / ローランド noun Rowland ) subject-marker Ga 発表はっぴょう noun Happyou verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta オン noun On ライン noun Line 安全あんぜん noun Anzen ほう noun Hou possessive No 法定ほうてい noun Houtei 見直しみなおし noun Minaoshi topic-marker Wa 継続けいぞく noun Keizoku ちゅう Naka auxiliary-verb Da subject-marker Ga , これ Kore Ra possessive No 調査ちょうさ noun Chousa 権限けんげん noun Kengen object-marker Wo 完全かんぜん Kanzen auxiliary-verb Ni 削除さくじょ noun Sakujo する verb Suru こと noun Koto object-marker Wo 推奨すいしょう noun Suishou verb Shi particle Te verb I ない auxiliary-verb Nai [ [ 19 noun 19 ]。 ??
- - 労働ろうどう noun Roudou とう Tou topic-marker Wa eSafety noun ESafety 委員いいん noun Iin ちょう Naga and/with To 既存きそん noun Kison possessive No 枠組みわくぐみ noun Wakugumi ない Uchi location/means De 協力きょうりょく noun Kyouryoku verb Shi particle Te おり verb Ori , これ Kore Ra possessive No 権限けんげん noun Kengen object-marker Wo 適切てきせつ Tekisetsu and/with To 受け入れうけいれ verb Ukeire particle Te いる verb Iru こと noun Koto object-marker Wo 示唆しさ noun Shisa verb Shi particle Te いる verb Iru [ [ 20 noun 20 ]。 ??
# # # # # # 4 noun 4 . . " Hi 選出せんしゅつ noun Senshutsu " possessive No フレーミング noun Framing
主張しゅちょう noun Shuchou topic-marker Wa 委員いいん noun Iin ちょう Naga subject-marker Ga " Hi 選出せんしゅつ noun Senshutsu " auxiliary-verb De ある verb Aru こと noun Koto object-marker Wo 強調きょうちょう noun Kyouchou verb Shi particle Te いる verb Iru .
しかし conjunction Shikashi , これ Kore topic-marker Wa オーストラリア noun Australia possessive No すべて noun Subete possessive No 規制きせい noun Kisei 機関きかん noun Kikan possessive No ちょう noun Naga direction/target Ni 当てはまるあてはまる verb Atehamaru :
- - ACCC noun ACCC 議長ぎちょう noun Gichou , ASIC noun ASIC 議長ぎちょう noun Gichou , RBA noun RBA 総裁そうさい noun Sousai など particle Nado topic-marker Wa 直接ちょくせつ adverb Chokusetsu 選出せんしゅつ noun Senshutsu verb Sa auxiliary-verb Re particle Te verb I ない auxiliary-verb Nai [ [ 21 noun 21 ]。 ??
- - かれ Kare Ra topic-marker Wa 政府せいふ noun Seifu direction/target Ni よっ verb Yo particle Te 任命にんめい noun Ninmei verb Sa auxiliary-verb Re , 行政ぎょうせい noun Gyousei ほう noun Hou 枠組みわくぐみ noun Wakugumi , 大臣だいじん noun Daijin 監督かんとく noun Kantoku , 議会ぎかい noun Gikai 委員いいん noun Iin かい noun Kai object-marker Wo 通じつうじ verb Tsuuji particle Te 説明せつめい noun Setsumei 責任せきにん noun Sekinin object-marker Wo 負うおう verb Ou [ [ 22 noun 22 ]。 ??
- - eSafety noun ESafety 委員いいん noun Iin ちょう Naga topic-marker Wa この Kono 標準ひょうじゅん noun Hyoujun てき Mato auxiliary-verb Na オーストラリア noun Australia possessive No 規制きせい noun Kisei モデル noun Model ない Uchi location/means De 運営うんえい noun Un'ei verb Shi particle Te いる verb Iru [ [ 23 noun 23 ]。 ??
# # # # # # 5 noun 5 . . これ Kore Ra possessive No 権限けんげん noun Kengen subject-marker Ga 存在そんざい noun Sonzai する verb Suru 理由りゆう noun Riyuu
尋問じんもん noun Jinmon 権限けんげん noun Kengen topic-marker Wa , 同法どうほう noun Douhou subject-marker Ga オン noun On ライン noun Line サービス noun Service 提供ていきょう noun Teikyou しゃ Mono object-marker Wo 規制きせい noun Kisei verb Shi , 内容ないよう noun Naiyou 削除さくじょ noun Sakujo 通知つうち noun Tsuuchi possessive No 違反いはん noun Ihan object-marker Wo 調査ちょうさ noun Chousa する verb Suru 必要ひつよう noun Hitsuyou subject-marker Ga ある verb Aru ため noun Tame 含まふくま verb Fukuma auxiliary-verb Re auxiliary-verb Ta .
強制きょうせい noun Kyousei 尋問じんもん noun Jinmon 権限けんげん noun Kengen subject-marker Ga なけれ adjective Nakere particle Ba , 委員いいん noun Iin ちょう Naga topic-marker Wa 以下いか noun Ika subject-marker Ga でき verb Deki ない auxiliary-verb Nai :
- - プラットフォーム noun Platform subject-marker Ga 削除さくじょ noun Sakujo 通知つうち noun Tsuuchi direction/target Ni 従っしたがっ verb Shitaga particle Te いる verb Iru question Ka 調査ちょうさ noun Chousa する verb Suru
- - 有害ゆうがい Yuugai auxiliary-verb Na 内容ないよう noun Naiyou possessive No 責任せきにん noun Sekinin object-marker Wo 特定とくてい noun Tokutei する verb Suru
- - 違反いはん noun Ihan direction/target Ni 対するたいする verb Taisuru 説明せつめい noun Setsumei 責任せきにん noun Sekinin object-marker Wo 執行しっこう noun Shikkou する verb Suru [ [ 24 noun 24 ] ]
これ Kore topic-marker Wa ACCC noun ACCC particle Ya ASIC noun ASIC possessive No 尋問じんもん noun Jinmon 権限けんげん noun Kengen possessive No 根拠こんきょ noun Konkyo and/with To 同じおなじ Onaji auxiliary-verb De あり verb Ari 民事みんじ noun Minji 規制きせい noun Kisei 枠組みわくぐみ noun Wakugumi topic-marker Wa 機能きのう noun Kinou する verb Suru ため noun Tame direction/target Ni 強制きょうせい noun Kyousei てき Mato auxiliary-verb Na 情報じょうほう noun Jouhou 収集しゅうしゅう noun Shuushuu object-marker Wo 必要ひつよう noun Hitsuyou and/with To する verb Suru .

情報源の信頼性評価

* * * * 議会ぎかい noun Gikai 情報じょうほう noun Jouhou げん Minamoto * * * * : : 最初さいしょ noun Saisho possessive No 情報じょうほう noun Jouhou げん Minamoto ( 議会ぎかい noun Gikai 議事ぎじ noun Giji どう Dou 立法りっぽう noun Rippou 検索けんさく noun Kensaku ) topic-marker Wa , ほう noun Hou あん noun An 本文ほんぶん noun Honbun and/with To 議会ぎかい noun Gikai 経緯けいい noun Keii object-marker Wo 示すしめす verb Shimesu 信頼しんらい noun Shinrai できる verb Dekiru いち noun Ichi Tsugi 情報じょうほう noun Jouhou げん Minamoto auxiliary-verb De ある verb Aru [ [ 25 noun 25 ]。 ??
**Parliamentary Source**: The first source (Parliament House legislative search) is a reliable primary source showing the bill text and parliamentary history [25]. **Facebook Response**: The second source (Facebook's response to the exposure draft) cannot be accessed (404 error) [26], so cannot be verified.
* * * * フェイス noun Face ブック noun Book possessive No 回答かいとう noun Kaitou * * * * : : 2 noun 2 ばん noun Ban Me possessive No 情報じょうほう noun Jouhou げん Minamoto ( 意見いけん noun Iken 公募こうぼ noun Koubo あん noun An direction/target Ni 対するたいする verb Taisuru フェイス noun Face ブック noun Book possessive No 回答かいとう noun Kaitou ) topic-marker Wa アクセス noun Access でき verb Deki ない auxiliary-verb Nai ( 404 noun 404 エラー noun Error )[ )[ 26 noun 26 ] ] ため noun Tame , 検証けんしょう noun Kenshou でき verb Deki ない auxiliary-verb Nai .
However, Facebook's submissions would be from a platform with direct interest in the regulation and potential bias against regulatory oversight powers.
ただし conjunction Tadashi , フェイス noun Face ブック noun Book possessive No 意見いけん noun Iken しょ Sho topic-marker Wa 規制きせい noun Kisei 監督かんとく noun Kantoku 権限けんげん noun Kengen direction/target Ni 関しかんし verb Kanshi particle Te 直接ちょくせつ noun Chokusetsu てき Mato auxiliary-verb Na 利害りがい noun Rigai 関係かんけい noun Kankei and/with To 潜在せんざい noun Senzai てき Mato auxiliary-verb Na 偏見へんけん noun Henken object-marker Wo 持つもつ verb Motsu プラットフォーム noun Platform から from/because Kara possessive No もの noun Mono auxiliary-verb De あろう verb Arou .
While not necessarily unreliable, it would need to be cross-checked against independent sources.
必ずかならず adverb Kanarazu しも particle Shimo 信頼しんらい noun Shinrai でき verb Deki ない auxiliary-verb Nai わけ noun Wake location/means De topic-marker Wa ない adjective Nai subject-marker Ga , 独立どくりつ noun Dokuritsu verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta 情報じょうほう noun Jouhou げん Minamoto and/with To 照合しょうごう noun Shougou する verb Suru 必要ひつよう noun Hitsuyou subject-marker Ga ある verb Aru だろう auxiliary-verb Darou .
The claim itself appears to come from advocacy sources critical of the Act, likely selective in their presentation of facts and context.
主張しゅちょう noun Shuchou 自体じたい noun Jitai topic-marker Wa , 同法どうほう noun Douhou direction/target Ni 批判ひはん noun Hihan てき Mato auxiliary-verb Na 擁護ようご noun Yougo 情報じょうほう noun Jouhou げん Minamoto から from/because Kara possessive No もの noun Mono and/with To 思わおもわ verb Omowa auxiliary-verb Re , 事実じじつ noun Jijitsu and/with To 文脈ぶんみゃく noun Bunmyaku possessive No 提示ていじ noun Teiji direction/target Ni おい verb Oi particle Te 選択せんたく noun Sentaku てき Mato auxiliary-verb De ある verb Aru 可能かのう Kanou せい Sei subject-marker Ga ある verb Aru .
⚖️

労働党比較

* * * * 労働ろうどう noun Roudou とう Tou topic-marker Wa 同様どうよう Douyou possessive No こと noun Koto object-marker Wo 行っおこなっ verb I auxiliary-verb Ta question Ka ?
**Did Labor do something similar?** Labor did not propose removing these investigative powers from the eSafety Commissioner.
* * * *
Instead: 1. **Labor Supported the Act**: Labor supported the Online Safety Act 2021 in Parliament without moving amendments to remove investigative powers [27]. 2. **Labor Administration**: Under the Labor government (from 2022 onwards), the eSafety Commissioner has continued to operate with these same powers, indicating Labor accepts them as appropriate [28]. 3. **Statutory Review**: The Labor government initiated a statutory review of the Online Safety Act in 2023, which was examining the Act's operation.
労働ろうどう noun Roudou とう Tou topic-marker Wa eSafety noun ESafety 委員いいん noun Iin ちょう Naga から from/because Kara これ Kore Ra possessive No 調査ちょうさ noun Chousa 権限けんげん noun Kengen object-marker Wo 削除さくじょ noun Sakujo する verb Suru こと noun Koto object-marker Wo 提案ていあん noun Teian verb Shi particle Te verb I ない auxiliary-verb Nai .
However, this review has not recommended removing investigative powers [29]. 4. **No Precedent Removal**: There is no precedent of Labor removing or significantly restricting investigative powers from regulatory agencies (ACCC, ASIC, etc.).
むしろ adverb Mushiro :
Labor generally supports regulatory agency powers as necessary for market and consumer protection [30]. **Conclusion**: This is not a uniquely Coalition policy that Labor would reverse or oppose.
1 noun 1 . . * * * * 労働ろうどう noun Roudou とう Tou topic-marker Wa 同法どうほう noun Douhou object-marker Wo 支持しじ noun Shiji verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta * * * * : : 労働ろうどう noun Roudou とう Tou topic-marker Wa 2021 noun 2021 ねん noun Nen direction/target Ni 議会ぎかい noun Gikai location/means De ( オン noun On ライン noun Line 安全あんぜん noun Anzen ほう noun Hou ) object-marker Wo 支持しじ noun Shiji verb Shi , 調査ちょうさ noun Chousa 権限けんげん noun Kengen object-marker Wo 削除さくじょ noun Sakujo する verb Suru 修正しゅうせい noun Shuusei object-marker Wo 動議どうぎ noun Dougi verb Shi なかっ auxiliary-verb Naka auxiliary-verb Ta [ [ 27 noun 27 ]。 ??
Both parties support these investigative powers as standard regulatory tools.
2 noun 2 . . * * * * 労働ろうどう noun Roudou とう Tou 政権せいけん noun Seiken * * * * : : 2022 noun 2022 ねん noun Nen 以降いこう noun Ikou possessive No 労働ろうどう noun Roudou とう Tou 政府せいふ noun Seifu Shita location/means De , eSafety noun ESafety 委員いいん noun Iin ちょう Naga topic-marker Wa これ Kore Ra possessive No 同じおなじ Onaji 権限けんげん noun Kengen object-marker Wo 持っもっ verb Mo particle Te 運営うんえい noun Un'ei object-marker Wo 継続けいぞく noun Keizoku verb Shi particle Te おり verb Ori , 労働ろうどう noun Roudou とう Tou subject-marker Ga これ Kore Ra object-marker Wo 適切てきせつ Tekisetsu and/with To 受け入れうけいれ verb Ukeire particle Te いる verb Iru こと noun Koto object-marker Wo 示ししめし verb Shimeshi particle Te いる verb Iru [ [ 28 noun 28 ]。 ??
3 noun 3 . . * * * * 法定ほうてい noun Houtei 見直しみなおし noun Minaoshi * * * * : : 労働ろうどう noun Roudou とう Tou 政府せいふ noun Seifu topic-marker Wa 2023 noun 2023 ねん noun Nen direction/target Ni オン noun On ライン noun Line 安全あんぜん noun Anzen ほう noun Hou possessive No 法定ほうてい noun Houtei 見直しみなおし noun Minaoshi object-marker Wo 開始かいし noun Kaishi verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta subject-marker Ga , これ Kore topic-marker Wa 調査ちょうさ noun Chousa 権限けんげん noun Kengen possessive No 削除さくじょ noun Sakujo object-marker Wo 推奨すいしょう noun Suishou verb Shi particle Te verb I ない auxiliary-verb Nai [ [ 29 noun 29 ]。 ??
4 noun 4 . . * * * * 権限けんげん noun Kengen 削除さくじょ noun Sakujo possessive No 先例せんれい noun Senrei なし noun Nashi * * * * : : 労働ろうどう noun Roudou とう Tou subject-marker Ga 規制きせい noun Kisei 機関きかん noun Kikan から from/because Kara 調査ちょうさ noun Chousa 権限けんげん noun Kengen object-marker Wo 削除さくじょ noun Sakujo また conjunction Mata topic-marker Wa 大幅おおはば Oohaba auxiliary-verb Ni 制限せいげん noun Seigen verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta 先例せんれい noun Senrei topic-marker Wa ない adjective Nai ( ACCC noun ACCC , ASIC noun ASIC など particle Nado ) .
労働ろうどう noun Roudou とう Tou topic-marker Wa 一般いっぱん noun Ippan てき Mato auxiliary-verb Ni 規制きせい noun Kisei 機関きかん noun Kikan possessive No 権限けんげん noun Kengen object-marker Wo 市場しじょう noun Shijou / 消費しょうひ noun Shouhi しゃ Mono 保護ほご noun Hogo direction/target Ni 必要ひつよう noun Hitsuyou and/with To verb Shi particle Te 支持しじ noun Shiji する verb Suru [ [ 30 noun 30 ]。 ??
* * * * 結論けつろん noun Ketsuron * * * * : : これ Kore topic-marker Wa 労働ろうどう noun Roudou とう Tou subject-marker Ga 覆すくつがえす verb Kutsugaesu question Ka 反対はんたい noun Hantai する verb Suru 独自どくじ Dokuji possessive No 連合れんごう noun Rengou 政策せいさく noun Seisaku location/means De topic-marker Wa ない adjective Nai .
両党りょうとう noun Ryoutou topic-marker Wa これ Kore Ra possessive No 調査ちょうさ noun Chousa 権限けんげん noun Kengen object-marker Wo 標準ひょうじゅん noun Hyoujun てき Mato auxiliary-verb Na 規制きせい noun Kisei ツール noun Tool and/with To verb Shi particle Te 支持しじ noun Shiji verb Shi particle Te いる verb Iru .
🌐

バランスの取れた視点

# # # # # # 正当せいとう noun Seitou auxiliary-verb Na 批判ひはん noun Hihan
### The Legitimate Criticism
強制きょうせい noun Kyousei 尋問じんもん noun Jinmon 権限けんげん noun Kengen direction/target Ni 刑事けいじ noun Keiji ほう noun Hou and/with To 同等どうとう Doutou possessive No " 黙秘もくひ noun Mokuhi けん Ken " 保護ほご noun Hogo object-marker Wo 含めるふくめる verb Fukumeru べき auxiliary-verb Beki question Ka direction/target Ni つい verb Tsui particle Te , 真剣しんけん noun Shinken auxiliary-verb Na 議論ぎろん noun Giron subject-marker Ga ある verb Aru :
There is a genuine debate about whether compulsory examination powers should include full "right to silence" protections similar to criminal law: - Some civil liberties advocates argue that when compulsory examination can lead to criminal prosecution (through referrals), procedural safeguards should be equivalent to criminal law [31]. - Legal scholars have debated whether self-incrimination privilege in civil examinations is sufficient protection [32]. - The Federal Court in *eSafety Commissioner v X Corp* suggested Parliament should clarify the scope of the Commissioner's powers to avoid uncertainty and litigation [33].
- - 一部いちぶ noun Ichibu possessive No 公民こうみん noun Koumin 自由じゆう noun Jiyuu 擁護ようご noun Yougo しゃ Mono topic-marker Wa , 強制きょうせい noun Kyousei 尋問じんもん noun Jinmon subject-marker Ga 刑事けいじ noun Keiji 訴追そつい noun Sotsui ( 紹介しょうかい noun Shoukai object-marker Wo 通じつうじ verb Tsuuji particle Te ) direction/target Ni つながる verb Tsunagaru 可能かのう Kanou せい Sei subject-marker Ga ある verb Aru 場合ばあい noun Baai , 手続てつづき noun Tetsuzuki てき Mato 保護ほご noun Hogo topic-marker Wa 刑事けいじ noun Keiji ほう noun Hou and/with To 同等どうとう Doutou auxiliary-verb De ある verb Aru べき auxiliary-verb Beki auxiliary-verb Da and/with To 主張しゅちょう noun Shuchou verb Shi particle Te いる verb Iru [ [ 31 noun 31 ]。 ??
These are legitimate policy questions about the balance between regulatory effectiveness and individual protections.
- - 法律ほうりつ noun Houritsu がく Gaku しゃ Mono topic-marker Wa , 民事みんじ noun Minji 尋問じんもん noun Jinmon direction/target Ni おけ verb Oke auxiliary-verb Ru 自己じこ noun Jiko 負罪ふざい noun Fuzai 特権とっけん noun Tokken subject-marker Ga 十分じゅうぶん Juu fun auxiliary-verb Na 保護ほご noun Hogo auxiliary-verb De ある verb Aru question Ka どう adverb Dou question Ka object-marker Wo 議論ぎろん noun Giron verb Shi particle Te verb Ki auxiliary-verb Ta [ [ 32 noun 32 ]。 ??
### The Government's Perspective
- - 連邦れんぽう noun Renpou 裁判さいばん noun Saiban しょ Tokoro topic-marker Wa eSafety noun ESafety 委員いいん noun Iin ちょう Naga たい noun Tai X noun X しゃ noun Sha 事件じけん noun Jiken location/means De , 議会ぎかい noun Gikai subject-marker Ga 訴訟そしょう noun Soshou and/with To Fu 確実かくじつ Kakujitsu せい Sei object-marker Wo 避けるさける verb Sakeru ため noun Tame direction/target Ni 委員いいん noun Iin ちょう Naga possessive No 権限けんげん noun Kengen possessive No 範囲はんい noun Han'i object-marker Wo 明確めいかく Meikaku auxiliary-verb Ni verb Su べき auxiliary-verb Beki auxiliary-verb Da and/with To 示唆しさ noun Shisa verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta [ [ 33 noun 33 ]。 ??
The government (both Coalition and Labor) views these powers as essential for the Commissioner to function: 1. **Necessity**: Without examination powers, the Commissioner cannot investigate whether platforms are removing harmful content as required [34]. 2. **Limited Scope**: The powers only apply to investigations under the Online Safety Act—not general surveillance or investigation [35]. 3. **Accountability**: The Commissioner operates under administrative law with AAT review, parliamentary oversight, and court scrutiny [36]. 4. **Consistency**: These powers match standard Australian regulatory practice across multiple agencies [37].
これ Kore Ra topic-marker Wa 規制きせい noun Kisei possessive No 効果こうか noun Kouka and/with To 個人こじん noun Kojin possessive No 保護ほご noun Hogo possessive No バランス noun Balance direction/target Ni 関するかんする verb Kansuru 正当せいとう noun Seitou auxiliary-verb Na 政策せいさく noun Seisaku 問題もんだい noun Mondai auxiliary-verb De ある verb Aru .
### Expert Commentary
# # # # # # 政府せいふ noun Seifu possessive No 視点してん noun Shiten
The Human Rights Law Centre has noted concerns about the Online Safety Act's powers in court proceedings, but their focus has been on the breadth of removal notice powers rather than specifically calling for criminal law protections in examinations [38].
政府せいふ noun Seifu ( 連合れんごう noun Rengou and/with To 労働ろうどう noun Roudou とう Tou 両方りょうほう noun Ryouhou ) topic-marker Wa これ Kore Ra possessive No 権限けんげん noun Kengen object-marker Wo 委員いいん noun Iin ちょう Naga possessive No 機能きのう noun Kinou direction/target Ni 不可欠ふかけつ Fukaketsu and/with To 見なしみなし verb Minashi particle Te いる verb Iru :
Legal scholars acknowledge the tension between regulatory effectiveness and procedural fairness, but this is a design question that applies to many Australian regulators, not unique to the eSafety Commissioner [39].
1 noun 1 . . * * * * 必要ひつよう noun Hitsuyou せい Sei * * * * : : 尋問じんもん noun Jinmon 権限けんげん noun Kengen subject-marker Ga なけれ adjective Nakere particle Ba , 委員いいん noun Iin ちょう Naga topic-marker Wa プラットフォーム noun Platform subject-marker Ga 要求ようきゅう noun Youkyuu 通りとおり noun Toori direction/target Ni 有害ゆうがい Yuugai auxiliary-verb Na 内容ないよう noun Naiyou object-marker Wo 削除さくじょ noun Sakujo verb Shi particle Te いる verb Iru question Ka 調査ちょうさ noun Chousa でき verb Deki ない auxiliary-verb Nai [ [ 34 noun 34 ]。 ??
2 noun 2 . . * * * * 限定げんてい noun Gentei てき Mato 範囲はんい noun Han'i * * * * : : 権限けんげん noun Kengen topic-marker Wa オン noun On ライン noun Line 安全あんぜん noun Anzen ほう noun Hou direction/target Ni 基づくもとづく verb Motozuku 調査ちょうさ noun Chousa direction/target Ni のみ particle Nomi 適用てきよう noun Tekiyou verb Sa れる auxiliary-verb Reru 一般いっぱん noun Ippan てき Mato auxiliary-verb Na 監視かんし noun Kanshi particle Ya 調査ちょうさ noun Chousa location/means De topic-marker Wa ない adjective Nai [ [ 35 noun 35 ]。 ??
3 noun 3 . . * * * * 説明せつめい noun Setsumei 責任せきにん noun Sekinin * * * * : : 委員いいん noun Iin ちょう Naga topic-marker Wa AAT noun AAT 審査しんさ noun Shinsa , 議会ぎかい noun Gikai 監督かんとく noun Kantoku , 裁判さいばん noun Saiban しょ Tokoro possessive No 精査せいさ noun Seisa possessive No もと noun Shita location/means De 行政ぎょうせい noun Gyousei ほう noun Hou direction/target Ni 従っしたがっ verb Shitaga particle Te 運営うんえい noun Un'ei する verb Suru [ [ 36 noun 36 ]。 ??
4 noun 4 . . * * * * 一貫いっかん noun Ikkan せい Sei * * * * : : これ Kore Ra possessive No 権限けんげん noun Kengen topic-marker Wa 複数ふくすう noun Fukusuu possessive No 機関きかん noun Kikan object-marker Wo 通じつうじ verb Tsuuji auxiliary-verb Ta 標準ひょうじゅん noun Hyoujun てき Mato auxiliary-verb Na オーストラリア noun Australia possessive No 規制きせい noun Kisei 実務じつむ noun Jitsumu and/with To 一致いっち noun Itchi する verb Suru [ [ 37 noun 37 ]。 ??
# # # # # # 専門せんもん noun Senmon Ie possessive No 意見いけん noun Iken
人権じんけん noun Jinken ほう noun Hou センター noun Center topic-marker Wa 訴訟そしょう noun Soshou direction/target Ni おけ verb Oke auxiliary-verb Ru オン noun On ライン noun Line 安全あんぜん noun Anzen ほう noun Hou possessive No 権限けんげん noun Kengen direction/target Ni つい verb Tsui particle Te 懸念けねん noun Kenen object-marker Wo 表明ひょうめい noun Hyoumei verb Shi auxiliary-verb Ta subject-marker Ga , その Sono 焦点しょうてん noun Shouten topic-marker Wa 尋問じんもん noun Jinmon direction/target Ni おけ verb Oke auxiliary-verb Ru 刑事けいじ noun Keiji ほう noun Hou 保護ほご noun Hogo location/means De topic-marker Wa なく adjective Naku , 削除さくじょ noun Sakujo 通知つうち noun Tsuuchi possessive No 権限けんげん noun Kengen possessive No ひろ adjective Hiroshi Sa direction/target Ni あっ verb A auxiliary-verb Ta [ [ 38 noun 38 ]。 ??
法律ほうりつ noun Houritsu がく Gaku しゃ Mono topic-marker Wa , 規制きせい noun Kisei possessive No 効果こうか noun Kouka and/with To 手続てつづき noun Tetsuzuki てき Mato 公正こうせい noun Kousei possessive No あいだ noun Ma possessive No 緊張きんちょう noun Kinchou object-marker Wo 認識にんしき noun Ninshiki verb Shi particle Te いる verb Iru subject-marker Ga , これ Kore topic-marker Wa eSafety noun ESafety 委員いいん noun Iin ちょう Naga direction/target Ni 特有とくゆう Tokuyuu and/with To いう verb Iu より particle Yori 多くおおく noun Ooku possessive No オーストラリア noun Australia possessive No 規制きせい noun Kisei 機関きかん noun Kikan direction/target Ni 適用てきよう noun Tekiyou verb Sa れる auxiliary-verb Reru 設計せっけい noun Sekkei 問題もんだい noun Mondai auxiliary-verb De ある verb Aru [ [ 39 noun 39 ]。 ??

部分的に真実

5.5

/ 10

オン noun On ライン noun Line 安全あんぜん noun Anzen ほう noun Hou topic-marker Wa eSafety noun ESafety 委員いいん noun Iin ちょう Naga direction/target Ni 刑事けいじ noun Keiji ほう noun Hou direction/target Ni おけ verb Oke auxiliary-verb Ru 一般いっぱん noun Ippan てき Mato auxiliary-verb Na " 黙秘もくひ noun Mokuhi けん Ken " 保護ほご noun Hogo なし noun Nashi possessive No 強制きょうせい noun Kyousei 尋問じんもん noun Jinmon 権限けんげん noun Kengen object-marker Wo 付与ふよ noun Fuyo verb Shi particle Te いる verb Iru .
The Online Safety Act does grant the eSafety Commissioner compulsory examination powers without a general "right to silence" protection in the criminal sense.
しかし conjunction Shikashi , 主張しゅちょう noun Shuchou topic-marker Wa 誤解ごかい noun Gokai object-marker Wo 招くまねく verb Maneku もの noun Mono auxiliary-verb De ある verb Aru :
However, the claim is misleading because: 1. **Protections DO exist**: Legal professional privilege, self-incrimination protections, and administrative law safeguards apply [40]. 2. **This is not unique**: Multiple Australian regulators (ACCC, ASIC, etc.) have identical or broader examination powers without criminal law safeguards [41]. 3. **Labor supports this model**: Labor supported the Act in Parliament and has continued to work with these powers while in government, indicating acceptance of the framework [42]. 4. **The "unelected" criticism applies broadly**: All regulatory agency heads are unelected; this is standard Australian administrative practice [43]. 5. **The scope is narrow**: These powers apply only to investigations under the Online Safety Act, not general authority [44].
1 noun 1 . . * * * * 保護ほご noun Hogo topic-marker Wa 存在そんざい noun Sonzai する verb Suru * * * * : : 弁護べんご noun Bengo Shi 秘匿ひとく noun Hitoku 特権とっけん noun Tokken , 自己じこ noun Jiko 負罪ふざい noun Fuzai 特権とっけん noun Tokken , 行政ぎょうせい noun Gyousei ほう noun Hou possessive No 保護ほご noun Hogo subject-marker Ga 適用てきよう noun Tekiyou verb Sa れる auxiliary-verb Reru [ [ 40 noun 40 ]。 ??
The legitimate criticism is not that these powers are unique or inappropriate, but rather that Parliament should clarify the scope of examination powers and consider whether criminal law procedural safeguards should apply when examinations could lead to criminal referrals.
2 noun 2 . . * * * * これ Kore topic-marker Wa 独自どくじ Dokuji possessive No もの noun Mono auxiliary-verb De topic-marker Wa ない adjective Nai * * * * : : 複数ふくすう noun Fukusuu possessive No オーストラリア noun Australia 規制きせい noun Kisei 機関きかん noun Kikan ( ACCC noun ACCC , ASIC noun ASIC など particle Nado ) subject-marker Ga 同様どうよう Douyou また conjunction Mata topic-marker Wa より adverb Yori 広範こうはん Kouhan auxiliary-verb Na 尋問じんもん noun Jinmon 権限けんげん noun Kengen object-marker Wo 持っもっ verb Mo particle Te いる verb Iru [ [ 41 noun 41 ]。 ??
This is a policy design question applicable across multiple regulators, not unique to the eSafety Commissioner.
3 noun 3 . . * * * * 労働ろうどう noun Roudou とう Tou topic-marker Wa この Kono モデル noun Model object-marker Wo 支持しじ noun Shiji する verb Suru * * * * : : 労働ろうどう noun Roudou とう Tou topic-marker Wa 議会ぎかい noun Gikai location/means De 同法どうほう noun Douhou object-marker Wo 支持しじ noun Shiji verb Shi , 政権せいけん noun Seiken Shita location/means De also Mo これ Kore Ra possessive No 権限けんげん noun Kengen and/with To 協働きょうどう noun Kyoudou verb Shi particle Te おり verb Ori , 枠組みわくぐみ noun Wakugumi possessive No 受容じゅよう noun Juyou object-marker Wo 示ししめし verb Shimeshi particle Te いる verb Iru [ [ 42 noun 42 ]。 ??
4 noun 4 . . * * * * " Hi 選出せんしゅつ noun Senshutsu " possessive No 批判ひはん noun Hihan topic-marker Wa 広くひろく adjective Hiroku 適用てきよう noun Tekiyou verb Sa れる auxiliary-verb Reru * * * * : : すべて noun Subete possessive No 規制きせい noun Kisei 機関きかん noun Kikan possessive No ちょう noun Naga topic-marker Wa 選出せんしゅつ noun Senshutsu verb Sa auxiliary-verb Re particle Te verb I ない auxiliary-verb Nai ; これ Kore topic-marker Wa 標準ひょうじゅん noun Hyoujun てき Mato auxiliary-verb Na オーストラリア noun Australia possessive No 行政ぎょうせい noun Gyousei 実践じっせん noun Jissen auxiliary-verb De ある verb Aru [ [ 43 noun 43 ]。 ??
5 noun 5 . . * * * * 範囲はんい noun Han'i topic-marker Wa 限定げんてい noun Gentei てき Mato auxiliary-verb De ある verb Aru * * * * : : これ Kore Ra possessive No 権限けんげん noun Kengen topic-marker Wa オン noun On ライン noun Line 安全あんぜん noun Anzen ほう noun Hou direction/target Ni 基づくもとづく verb Motozuku 調査ちょうさ noun Chousa direction/target Ni のみ particle Nomi 適用てきよう noun Tekiyou verb Sa auxiliary-verb Re , 一般いっぱん noun Ippan てき Mato auxiliary-verb Na 権限けんげん noun Kengen location/means De topic-marker Wa ない adjective Nai [ [ 44 noun 44 ]。 ??
正当せいとう noun Seitou auxiliary-verb Na 批判ひはん noun Hihan topic-marker Wa , これ Kore Ra possessive No 権限けんげん noun Kengen subject-marker Ga 独自どくじ Dokuji また conjunction Mata topic-marker Wa Fu 適切てきせつ Tekisetsu auxiliary-verb De ある verb Aru and/with To いう verb Iu もの noun Mono auxiliary-verb De topic-marker Wa なく adjective Naku , 尋問じんもん noun Jinmon subject-marker Ga 刑事けいじ noun Keiji 紹介しょうかい noun Shoukai direction/target Ni つながる verb Tsunagaru 可能かのう Kanou せい Sei subject-marker Ga ある verb Aru 場合ばあい noun Baai , 刑事けいじ noun Keiji ほう noun Hou possessive No 手続てつづき noun Tetsuzuki てき Mato 保護ほご noun Hogo object-marker Wo 含めるふくめる verb Fukumeru べき auxiliary-verb Beki question Ka どう adverb Dou question Ka and/with To いう verb Iu 政策せいさく noun Seisaku 設計せっけい noun Sekkei じょう Ue possessive No 問題もんだい noun Mondai auxiliary-verb De あり verb Ari , これ Kore topic-marker Wa eSafety noun ESafety 委員いいん noun Iin ちょう Naga direction/target Ni 特有とくゆう Tokuyuu possessive No もの noun Mono auxiliary-verb De topic-marker Wa なく adjective Naku 複数ふくすう noun Fukusuu possessive No 規制きせい noun Kisei 機関きかん noun Kikan direction/target Ni 適用てきよう noun Tekiyou verb Sa れる auxiliary-verb Reru .

📚 出典と引用 (25)

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    eSafety Commissioner v X Corp [2024] FCA 499The high-profile dispute between the Office of the eSafety (‘eSafety’) Commissioner and X Corp (formerly known as Twitter) has tested key powers of Australia’s Online Safety Act and stimulated spirited debate on the interplay between online safety laws and rights to freedom of expression. eSafety sought enforcement of a removal notice pertaining to a bundle of content showing the high-profile stabbing in Sydney of Bishop Mar Mari Emmanuel. The Federal Court refused to extend an ex parte interim injunction against X Corp, and held that geo-blocking is a reasonable step for removing content pursuant to a removal notice under section 109 of the Online Safety Act. The judgment suggests Parliament should clarify the meaning of ‘all reasonable steps’ in the context of the Online Safety Act.

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評価スケールの方法論

1-3: 虚偽

事実に反する、または悪意のある捏造。

4-6: 部分的

一部は真実だが、文脈が欠如または歪曲されている。

7-9: ほぼ真実

軽微な技術的問題または表現上の問題。

10: 正確

完全に検証済みで、文脈的に公正。

方法論: 評価は、公式の政府記録、独立したファクトチェック機関、および一次資料の相互参照を通じて決定されます。