部分属实

评分: 7.0/10

Coalition
C0334

声明内容

“提议制定一项法律,对任何未经授权使用澳大利亚国徽的人处以2年监禁,包括无意欺骗的讽刺类网站,以及即使未造成任何实际危害的未授权使用情况。”
原始来源: Matthew Davis

原始来源

事实核查

gāi gāi 说法shuō fǎ shuō fǎ ** * ** * 基本jī běn jī běn 准确zhǔn què zhǔn què ** * ** *
The claim is **substantially accurate**.
联盟党lián méng dǎng lián méng dǎng CoalitionCoalition Coalition 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 确实què shí què shí 提出tí chū tí chū le le 20172017 2017 nián nián 刑法xíng fǎ xíng fǎ 修正案xiū zhèng àn xiū zhèng àn 假冒jiǎ mào jiǎ mào 联邦lián bāng lián bāng 机构jī gòu jī gòu 法案fǎ àn fǎ àn gāi gāi 法案fǎ àn fǎ àn jiāng jiāng duì duì 未经wèi jīng wèi jīng 授权shòu quán shòu quán 使用shǐ yòng shǐ yòng 联邦lián bāng lián bāng 标志biāo zhì biāo zhì 包括bāo kuò bāo kuò 国徽guó huī guó huī de de 行为xíng wéi xíng wéi 处以chǔ yǐ chǔ yǐ 监禁jiān jìn jiān jìn [[ [ 11 1 ]] ]
The Coalition Government did propose the Criminal Code Amendment (Impersonating a Commonwealth Body) Bill 2017, which would have imposed jail sentences for unauthorized use of Commonwealth symbols including the Coat of Arms [1].
最初zuì chū zuì chū de de 提案tí àn tí àn 问题wèn tí wèn tí 特别tè bié tè bié 严重yán zhòng yán zhòng 因为yīn wèi yīn wèi 正如zhèng rú zhèng rú 电子diàn zi diàn zi 前沿qián yán qián yán 基金会jī jīn huì jī jīn huì EFFEFF EFF suǒ suǒ 确认què rèn què rèn de de "" " 实施shí shī shí shī 22 2 nián nián 监禁jiān jìn jiān jìn de de 假冒jiǎ mào jiǎ mào 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 机构jī gòu jī gòu 条款tiáo kuǎn tiáo kuǎn 需要xū yào xū yào 任何rèn hé rèn hé 欺骗qī piàn qī piàn 意图yì tú yì tú "" " [[ [ 11 1 ]] ]
The original proposal was particularly problematic because, as the Electronic Frontier Foundation confirmed, "The provision that imposes a 2 year sentence for impersonation of a government agency does not require any intent to deceive" [1].
EFFEFF EFF hái hái 指出zhǐ chū zhǐ chū gāi gāi 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ "" " 要求yāo qiú yāo qiú 造成zào chéng zào chéng 任何rèn hé rèn hé 实际shí jì shí jì 危害wēi hài wēi hài "" " [[ [ 11 1 ]] ]
The EFF also noted that the law "does not require that any actual harm was caused" [1].
zhè zhè 意味着yì wèi zhe yì wèi zhe 仅仅jǐn jǐn jǐn jǐn 未经wèi jīng wèi jīng 授权shòu quán shòu quán 使用shǐ yòng shǐ yòng 国徽guó huī guó huī jiù jiù 可能kě néng kě néng 触发chù fā chù fā 刑事责任xíng shì zé rèn xíng shì zé rèn 无论wú lùn wú lùn 是否shì fǒu shì fǒu 有人yǒu rén yǒu rén bèi bèi 欺骗qī piàn qī piàn huò huò 遭受zāo shòu zāo shòu 危害wēi hài wēi hài
This meant mere unauthorized use of the Coat of Arms could trigger criminal liability regardless of whether anyone was deceived or harmed.
立法lì fǎ lì fǎ 回应huí yìng huí yìng 直接zhí jiē zhí jiē 源于yuán yú yuán yú 20172017 2017 nián nián 99 9 yuè yuè 国家guó jiā guó jiā 标志biāo zhì biāo zhì 官员guān yuán guān yuán xiàng xiàng JuiceJuice Juice MediaMedia Media "" " 诚实chéng shí chéng shí 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 广告guǎng gào guǎng gào "" " de de 制作方zhì zuò fāng zhì zuò fāng 发出fā chū fā chū de de 停止tíng zhǐ tíng zhǐ lìng lìng zài zài gāi gāi 案例àn lì àn lì zhōng zhōng 讽刺fěng cì fěng cì 内容nèi róng nèi róng 如此rú cǐ rú cǐ 明显míng xiǎn míng xiǎn 以至于yǐ zhì yú yǐ zhì yú 他们tā men tā men 使用shǐ yòng shǐ yòng de de 模拟mó nǐ mó nǐ 国徽guó huī guó huī 甚至shèn zhì shèn zhì jiāng jiāng "" " AustralianAustralian Australian "" " 拼写错误pīn xiě cuò wù pīn xiě cuò wù [[ [ 11 1 ]] ]
The legislative response was directly triggered by the National Symbols Officer's cease-and-desist letter to Juice Media (producers of "Honest Government Adverts") in September 2017—a case where the satire was so obvious that their mock coat of arms didn't even spell "Australian" correctly [1].
zài zài gāi gāi 事件shì jiàn shì jiàn 发生fā shēng fā shēng 几天jǐ tiān jǐ tiān hòu hòu 联盟党lián méng dǎng lián méng dǎng 提出tí chū tí chū le le 这项zhè xiàng zhè xiàng 假冒jiǎ mào jiǎ mào 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ
Within days of this incident, the Coalition proposed the impersonation law.
gāi gāi 法案fǎ àn fǎ àn 20182018 2018 nián nián 66 6 yuè yuè 2121 21 成为chéng wéi chéng wéi 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 根据gēn jù gēn jù 假冒jiǎ mào jiǎ mào 行为xíng wéi xíng wéi 是否shì fǒu shì fǒu 故意gù yì gù yì 以及yǐ jí yǐ jí 是否shì fǒu shì fǒu 旨在zhǐ zài zhǐ zài 造成zào chéng zào chéng 损失sǔn shī sǔn shī huò huò 获得huò dé huò dé 利益lì yì lì yì 刑罚xíng fá xíng fá wèi wèi "" " 22 2 zhì zhì 55 5 nián nián 监禁jiān jìn jiān jìn "" " [[ [ 22 2 ,, , 33 3 ]] ]
The bill became law on 21 June 2018, with offences carrying "2–5 years' imprisonment" depending on whether the impersonation was intentional and whether it aimed to cause loss or gain [2, 3].

缺失背景

然而rán ér rán ér gāi gāi 说法shuō fǎ shuō fǎ 需要xū yào xū yào duì duì 最终zuì zhōng zuì zhōng 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 最初zuì chū zuì chū 提案tí àn tí àn 之间zhī jiān zhī jiān de de 区别qū bié qū bié 进行jìn xíng jìn xíng 重要zhòng yào zhòng yào 澄清chéng qīng chéng qīng
However, the claim requires important clarification about the final law versus the original proposal: **Intent and Recklessness Requirements:** The final legislation that passed in June 2018 appears to have included intent and recklessness qualifications that were absent from the original proposal [2, 3].
** * ** * 意图yì tú yì tú 鲁莽lǔ mǎng lǔ mǎng 要求yāo qiú yāo qiú ** * ** * 20182018 2018 nián nián 66 6 yuè yuè 通过tōng guò tōng guò de de 最终zuì zhōng zuì zhōng 立法lì fǎ lì fǎ 似乎sì hū sì hū 包含bāo hán bāo hán le le 原始yuán shǐ yuán shǐ 提案tí àn tí àn zhōng zhōng suǒ suǒ 没有méi yǒu méi yǒu de de 意图yì tú yì tú 鲁莽lǔ mǎng lǔ mǎng 认定rèn dìng rèn dìng 要件yào jiàn yào jiàn [[ [ 22 2 ,, , 33 3 ]] ]
The current law requires that "a person intends that, or is reckless as to whether, their conduct will result in...a false representation," which is a meaningful modification from the initial no-intent language [2]. **Satire Exemption:** The law does include an exemption for "conduct engaged in solely for genuine satirical, academic or artistic purposes" [1].
现行xiàn xíng xiàn xíng 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 要求yāo qiú yāo qiú "" " 某人mǒu rén mǒu rén 意图yì tú yì tú 行为xíng wéi xíng wéi jiāng jiāng 导致dǎo zhì dǎo zhì 虚假xū jiǎ xū jiǎ 陈述chén shù chén shù huò huò duì duì 行为xíng wéi xíng wéi jiāng jiāng 导致dǎo zhì dǎo zhì 虚假xū jiǎ xū jiǎ 陈述chén shù chén shù chí chí 鲁莽lǔ mǎng lǔ mǎng 态度tài dù tài dù "" " zhè zhè shì shì duì duì 最初zuì chū zuì chū 意图yì tú yì tú 条款tiáo kuǎn tiáo kuǎn de de yǒu yǒu 意义yì yì yì yì 修改xiū gǎi xiū gǎi [[ [ 22 2 ]] ]
While critics correctly identified that the "solely" and "genuine" qualifiers give government discretion to deny protection, this exemption was present from enactment—it was not an afterthought [1]. **Penalty Structure:** The final law differentiated penalties: 2 years for basic impersonation offences, but up to 5 years for aggravated offences where the person "intends the false representation to induce reliance" leading to loss or gain [3].
** * ** * 讽刺fěng cì fěng cì 豁免huò miǎn huò miǎn ** * ** * gāi gāi 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 确实què shí què shí 包含bāo hán bāo hán duì duì "" " jǐn jǐn 出于chū yú chū yú 真诚zhēn chéng zhēn chéng 讽刺fěng cì fěng cì 学术xué shù xué shù huò huò 艺术yì shù yì shù 目的mù dì mù dì ér ér 进行jìn xíng jìn xíng de de 行为xíng wéi xíng wéi "" " de de 豁免huò miǎn huò miǎn [[ [ 11 1 ]] ]
虽然suī rán suī rán 批评者pī píng zhě pī píng zhě 正确zhèng què zhèng què 指出zhǐ chū zhǐ chū "" " jǐn jǐn "" " "" " 真诚zhēn chéng zhēn chéng "" " děng děng 限定词xiàn dìng cí xiàn dìng cí 赋予fù yǔ fù yǔ 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 自由zì yóu zì yóu 裁量权cái liàng quán cái liàng quán 拒绝jù jué jù jué 保护bǎo hù bǎo hù dàn dàn gāi gāi 豁免huò miǎn huò miǎn 颁布bān bù bān bù 之日起zhī rì qǐ zhī rì qǐ jiù jiù 存在cún zài cún zài 并非bìng fēi bìng fēi 事后shì hòu shì hòu 补充bǔ chōng bǔ chōng [[ [ 11 1 ]] ]
** * ** * 刑罚xíng fá xíng fá 结构jié gòu jié gòu ** * ** * 最终zuì zhōng zuì zhōng 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 区分qū fēn qū fēn le le 刑罚xíng fá xíng fá 等级děng jí děng jí 基本jī běn jī běn 假冒jiǎ mào jiǎ mào 罪行zuì xíng zuì xíng chù chù 22 2 nián nián 监禁jiān jìn jiān jìn dàn dàn 如果rú guǒ rú guǒ 行为人xíng wéi rén xíng wéi rén "" " 意图yì tú yì tú 虚假xū jiǎ xū jiǎ 陈述chén shù chén shù jiāng jiāng 诱导yòu dǎo yòu dǎo 依赖yī lài yī lài "" " bìng bìng 导致dǎo zhì dǎo zhì 损失sǔn shī sǔn shī huò huò 获得huò dé huò dé 利益lì yì lì yì 可处kě chù kě chù 最高zuì gāo zuì gāo 55 5 nián nián 监禁jiān jìn jiān jìn [[ [ 33 3 ]] ]

来源可信度评估

原始yuán shǐ yuán shǐ 来源lái yuán lái yuán 电子diàn zi diàn zi 前沿qián yán qián yán 基金会jī jīn huì jī jīn huì EFFEFF EFF 具有jù yǒu jù yǒu 高度gāo dù gāo dù 可信度kě xìn dù kě xìn dù
The original source—the Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF)—is highly credible.
EFFEFF EFF shì shì 一家yī jiā yī jiā 受人shòu rén shòu rén 尊敬zūn jìng zūn jìng de de 非营利fēi yíng lì fēi yíng lì 数字shù zì shù zì 公民自由gōng mín zì yóu gōng mín zì yóu 组织zǔ zhī zǔ zhī 成立chéng lì chéng lì 19901990 1990 nián nián duì duì 技术jì shù jì shù 言论自由yán lùn zì yóu yán lùn zì yóu 问题wèn tí wèn tí de de 严谨yán jǐn yán jǐn 分析fēn xī fēn xī ér ér 闻名wén míng wén míng [[ [ 44 4 ]] ]
The EFF is a respected nonprofit digital civil liberties organization founded in 1990, known for rigorous analysis of technology and free speech issues [4].
相关xiāng guān xiāng guān 文章wén zhāng wén zhāng 撰写zhuàn xiě zhuàn xiě 20172017 2017 nián nián 1010 10 yuè yuè gāi gāi 法案fǎ àn fǎ àn de de 提案tí àn tí àn 时间shí jiān shí jiān 一致yí zhì yí zhì qiě qiě 说法shuō fǎ shuō fǎ 议会yì huì yì huì 记录jì lù jì lù 后续hòu xù hòu xù 立法lì fǎ lì fǎ 数据库shù jù kù shù jù kù 进行jìn xíng jìn xíng le le 核实hé shí hé shí
The article in question was written in October 2017, contemporaneous with the bill's proposal, and the claims have been verified against parliamentary records and subsequent legislation databases.
EFFEFF EFF 文章wén zhāng wén zhāng zhōng zhōng 描述miáo shù miáo shù de de JuiceJuice Juice MediaMedia Media 事件shì jiàn shì jiàn 通过tōng guò tōng guò 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 记录jì lù jì lù 独立dú lì dú lì 核实hé shí hé shí bìng bìng zài zài 科技kē jì kē jì 媒体méi tǐ méi tǐ 出版物chū bǎn wù chū bǎn wù zhōng zhōng 广泛guǎng fàn guǎng fàn 报道bào dào bào dào [[ [ 44 4 ]] ]
The Juice Media incident described in the EFF article is independently verifiable through government records and was widely reported in technology and media outlets [4].
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工党对比

** * ** * 工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng LaborLabor Labor 是否shì fǒu shì fǒu 做过zuò guò zuò guò 类似lèi sì lèi sì de de 事情shì qíng shì qíng
**Did Labor do something similar?** Search conducted: "Labor government defamation law Australia impersonation Coat of Arms" **Finding:** No evidence exists of Labor proposing identical legislation.
** * ** *
In fact, recent Australian defamation law reforms have moved in the **opposite direction**.
搜索sōu suǒ sōu suǒ 结果jié guǒ jié guǒ "" " 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 诽谤fěi bàng fěi bàng 假冒jiǎ mào jiǎ mào 国徽guó huī guó huī "" "
Labor and other state governments have supported defamation law modernizations (2021-2024) that **expand protections for satire** rather than restrict it.
** * ** * 发现fā xiàn fā xiàn ** * ** * 没有méi yǒu méi yǒu 证据zhèng jù zhèng jù 表明biǎo míng biǎo míng 工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng céng céng 提出tí chū tí chū guò guò 相同xiāng tóng xiāng tóng de de 立法lì fǎ lì fǎ
According to analysis in The Conversation, modern Australian defamation reforms include "a public interest defence and a serious harm provision that promise room for maneuver for political satirists...The new serious harm provision means that satirical insult does not automatically equate to reputational damage" [5].
事实上shì shí shàng shì shí shàng 近期jìn qī jìn qī 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 诽谤fěi bàng fěi bàng 改革gǎi gé gǎi gé 朝着cháo zhe cháo zhe ** * ** * 相反xiāng fǎn xiāng fǎn 方向fāng xiàng fāng xiàng ** * ** * 发展fā zhǎn fā zhǎn
This represents a more permissive approach to satire than the Coalition's impersonation law.
工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng 其他qí tā qí tā 州政府zhōu zhèng fǔ zhōu zhèng fǔ 支持zhī chí zhī chí 20212021 2021 -- - 20242024 2024 nián nián de de 诽谤fěi bàng fěi bàng 现代化xiàn dài huà xiàn dài huà 改革gǎi gé gǎi gé 这些zhè xiē zhè xiē 改革gǎi gé gǎi gé ** * ** * 扩大kuò dà kuò dà le le duì duì 讽刺fěng cì fěng cì de de 保护bǎo hù bǎo hù ** * ** * ér ér fēi fēi 限制xiàn zhì xiàn zhì
No Labor government during the 2013-2022 period proposed criminal penalties for impersonating Commonwealth bodies or using the Coat of Arms.
TheThe The ConversationConversation Conversation de de 分析fēn xī fēn xī 现代xiàn dài xiàn dài 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà 诽谤fěi bàng fěi bàng 改革gǎi gé gǎi gé 包括bāo kuò bāo kuò "" " 公共利益gōng gòng lì yì gōng gòng lì yì 辩护biàn hù biàn hù 严重yán zhòng yán zhòng 损害sǔn hài sǔn hài 条款tiáo kuǎn tiáo kuǎn wèi wèi 政治zhèng zhì zhèng zhì 讽刺fěng cì fěng cì zhě zhě 提供tí gōng tí gōng le le maneuvermaneuver maneuver 空间kōng jiān kōng jiān xīn xīn de de 严重yán zhòng yán zhòng 损害sǔn hài sǔn hài 条款tiáo kuǎn tiáo kuǎn 意味着yì wèi zhe yì wèi zhe 讽刺性fěng cì xìng fěng cì xìng 侮辱wǔ rǔ wǔ rǔ bìng bìng 自动zì dòng zì dòng 等同于děng tóng yú děng tóng yú 名誉míng yù míng yù 损害sǔn hài sǔn hài "" " [[ [ 55 5 ]] ]
zhè zhè 联盟党lián méng dǎng lián méng dǎng de de 假冒jiǎ mào jiǎ mào 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 相比xiāng bǐ xiāng bǐ 代表dài biǎo dài biǎo le le duì duì 讽刺fěng cì fěng cì 更为gèng wéi gèng wéi 宽容kuān róng kuān róng de de 态度tài dù tài dù
zài zài 20132013 2013 -- - 20222022 2022 nián nián 期间qī jiān qī jiān 没有méi yǒu méi yǒu 任何rèn hé rèn hé 工党gōng dǎng gōng dǎng 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ céng céng 提议tí yì tí yì duì duì 假冒jiǎ mào jiǎ mào 联邦lián bāng lián bāng 机构jī gòu jī gòu huò huò 使用shǐ yòng shǐ yòng 国徽guó huī guó huī de de 行为xíng wéi xíng wéi 处以chǔ yǐ chǔ yǐ 刑事xíng shì xíng shì 处罚chǔ fá chǔ fá
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平衡视角

虽然suī rán suī rán 批评者pī píng zhě pī píng zhě 正确zhèng què zhèng què 指出zhǐ chū zhǐ chū gāi gāi 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ duì duì 政治zhèng zhì zhèng zhì 讽刺fěng cì fěng cì 构成威胁gòu chéng wēi xié gòu chéng wēi xié dàn dàn 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ de de 既定jì dìng jì dìng 理由lǐ yóu lǐ yóu shì shì 保护bǎo hù bǎo hù 联邦lián bāng lián bāng 机构jī gòu jī gòu 免受miǎn shòu miǎn shòu 可能kě néng kě néng 导致dǎo zhì dǎo zhì 公众gōng zhòng gōng zhòng 混淆hùn xiáo hùn xiáo huò huò 欺诈qī zhà qī zhà de de 假冒jiǎ mào jiǎ mào 行为xíng wéi xíng wéi [[ [ 22 2 ]] ]
While critics correctly identified the law as a threat to political satire, the government's stated rationale was protecting Commonwealth institutions from impersonation that could cause public confusion or fraud [2].
gāi gāi 立法lì fǎ lì fǎ 旨在zhǐ zài zhǐ zài 防止fáng zhǐ fáng zhǐ 恶意è yì è yì 假冒jiǎ mào jiǎ mào 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 机构jī gòu jī gòu 达到dá dào dá dào 欺骗qī piàn qī piàn 目的mù dì mù dì
The legislation aimed to prevent bad-faith impersonation of government agencies for deceptive purposes.
然而rán ér rán ér gāi gāi 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ de de 根本gēn běn gēn běn 问题wèn tí wèn tí 特别tè bié tè bié shì shì zài zài 原始yuán shǐ yuán shǐ 形式xíng shì xíng shì zhōng zhōng shì shì ** * ** * 罪行zuì xíng zuì xíng de de 过度guò dù guò dù 宽泛kuān fàn kuān fàn 薄弱bó ruò bó ruò de de 讽刺fěng cì fěng cì 保护bǎo hù bǎo hù 相结合xiāng jié hé xiāng jié hé ** * ** *
However, the fundamental problem with the law—particularly in its original form—was the **overbreadth of the offense combined with weak satire protections**.
EFFEFF EFF 指出zhǐ chū zhǐ chū 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà "" " 没有méi yǒu méi yǒu 第一dì yī dì yī 修正案xiū zhèng àn xiū zhèng àn 甚至shèn zhì shèn zhì 没有méi yǒu méi yǒu 成文chéng wén chéng wén 权利quán lì quán lì 法案fǎ àn fǎ àn 因此yīn cǐ yīn cǐ 那里nà lǐ nà lǐ de de 公民自由gōng mín zì yóu gōng mín zì yóu 人士rén shì rén shì yǒu yǒu 理由lǐ yóu lǐ yóu 担心dān xīn dān xīn 拟议nǐ yì nǐ yì de de 假冒jiǎ mào jiǎ mào 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 可能kě néng kě néng bèi bèi 用来yòng lái yòng lái 攻击gōng jī gōng jī 政治zhèng zhì zhèng zhì 评论píng lùn píng lùn "" " [[ [ 11 1 ]] ]
The EFF noted that Australia "does not have a First Amendment (or even a written bill of rights) so civil libertarians there are rightly concerned that the proposed law against impersonation could be used to attack political commentary" [1].
zài zài 没有méi yǒu méi yǒu 宪法xiàn fǎ xiàn fǎ 言论自由yán lùn zì yóu yán lùn zì yóu 保护bǎo hù bǎo hù de de 情况qíng kuàng qíng kuàng xià xià 未定义wèi dìng yì wèi dìng yì de de "" " 真诚zhēn chéng zhēn chéng 讽刺fěng cì fěng cì "" " 豁免huò miǎn huò miǎn 无法wú fǎ wú fǎ 提供tí gōng tí gōng 足够zú gòu zú gòu de de 保护bǎo hù bǎo hù lái lái 抵御dǐ yù dǐ yù 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ de de 自由zì yóu zì yóu 裁量权cái liàng quán cái liàng quán
Without constitutional free speech protection, the undefined "genuine satire" exemption provides insufficient protection against government discretion.
JuiceJuice Juice MediaMedia Media 案例àn lì àn lì 体现tǐ xiàn tǐ xiàn le le zhè zhè 担忧dān yōu dān yōu 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ xiàng xiàng 明显míng xiǎn míng xiǎn de de 讽刺fěng cì fěng cì zhě zhě 发出fā chū fā chū 停止tíng zhǐ tíng zhǐ lìng lìng 理由lǐ yóu lǐ yóu shì shì 他们tā men tā men 使用shǐ yòng shǐ yòng le le 一个yí gè yí gè 甚至shèn zhì shèn zhì jiāng jiāng 国家guó jiā guó jiā 名称míng chēng míng chēng 拼写错误pīn xiě cuò wù pīn xiě cuò wù de de 国徽guó huī guó huī
The Juice Media case exemplifies the concern: the government sent a cease-and-desist to obvious satirists over use of a coat of arms that didn't even spell the country's name correctly.
zhè zhè 显示xiǎn shì xiǎn shì chū chū 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 无法wú fǎ wú fǎ 区分qū fēn qū fēn 合法hé fǎ hé fǎ 讽刺fěng cì fěng cì 实际shí jì shí jì 意图yì tú yì tú 欺骗qī piàn qī piàn de de 假冒jiǎ mào jiǎ mào 行为xíng wéi xíng wéi [[ [ 11 1 ]] ]
This demonstrated the government's inability to distinguish between legitimate satire and actual impersonation intended to deceive [1].
根据gēn jù gēn jù 最终zuì zhōng zuì zhōng 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 起诉qǐ sù qǐ sù 取决于qǔ jué yú qǔ jué yú 证明zhèng míng zhèng míng 意图yì tú yì tú huò huò 鲁莽lǔ mǎng lǔ mǎng dàn dàn 豁免huò miǎn huò miǎn 条款tiáo kuǎn tiáo kuǎn de de 措辞cuò cí cuò cí 可能kě néng kě néng 允许yǔn xǔ yǔn xǔ 检察官jiǎn chá guān jiǎn chá guān 辩称biàn chēng biàn chēng 即使jí shǐ jí shǐ shì shì 明显míng xiǎn míng xiǎn 讽刺fěng cì fěng cì 方式fāng shì fāng shì 使用shǐ yòng shǐ yòng 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 标志biāo zhì biāo zhì 无法wú fǎ wú fǎ 通过tōng guò tōng guò "" " jǐn jǐn 出于chū yú chū yú 真诚zhēn chéng zhēn chéng 讽刺fěng cì fěng cì 目的mù dì mù dì "" " de de 测试cè shì cè shì
Under the final law, prosecution would depend on proving intent or recklessness—but the exemption's language could allow prosecutors to argue that including government symbols, even obviously satirically, fails the "solely for genuine satire" test. **Key context:** The law is **not unique to Coalition governments**—other governments worldwide have grappled with impersonation and symbol protection laws.
** * ** * 关键guān jiàn guān jiàn 背景bèi jǐng bèi jǐng ** * ** * gāi gāi 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ ** * ** * 并非bìng fēi bìng fēi 联盟党lián méng dǎng lián méng dǎng 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ 独有dú yǒu dú yǒu ** * ** * 全球quán qiú quán qiú 其他qí tā qí tā 政府zhèng fǔ zhèng fǔ zài zài 努力nǔ lì nǔ lì 应对yìng duì yìng duì 假冒jiǎ mào jiǎ mào 标志biāo zhì biāo zhì 保护法bǎo hù fǎ bǎo hù fǎ
However, Australia's combination of (1) criminal rather than civil penalties, (2) weak intent requirements in the original proposal, (3) undefined "genuine satire" exemption, and (4) lack of constitutional free speech protection made this proposal notably restrictive compared to comparable democracies [1, 5].
然而rán ér rán ér 澳大利亚ào dà lì yà ào dà lì yà jiāng jiāng 11 1 刑事xíng shì xíng shì 处罚chǔ fá chǔ fá ér ér fēi fēi 民事mín shì mín shì 处罚chǔ fá chǔ fá 22 2 原始yuán shǐ yuán shǐ 提案tí àn tí àn zhōng zhōng 薄弱bó ruò bó ruò de de 意图yì tú yì tú 要求yāo qiú yāo qiú 33 3 未定义wèi dìng yì wèi dìng yì de de "" " 真诚zhēn chéng zhēn chéng 讽刺fěng cì fěng cì "" " 豁免huò miǎn huò miǎn 以及yǐ jí yǐ jí 44 4 缺乏quē fá quē fá 宪法xiàn fǎ xiàn fǎ 言论自由yán lùn zì yóu yán lùn zì yóu 保护bǎo hù bǎo hù 相结合xiāng jié hé xiāng jié hé 使该shǐ gāi shǐ gāi 提案tí àn tí àn 比较bǐ jiào bǐ jiào de de 民主mín zhǔ mín zhǔ 国家guó jiā guó jiā 相比xiāng bǐ xiāng bǐ 显得xiǎn de xiǎn de 尤为yóu wèi yóu wèi 严格yán gé yán gé [[ [ 11 1 ,, , 55 5 ]] ]

部分属实

7.0

/ 10

gāi gāi 说法shuō fǎ shuō fǎ 准确zhǔn què zhǔn què 描述miáo shù miáo shù le le 原始yuán shǐ yuán shǐ 提案tí àn tí àn dàn dàn 并未bìng wèi bìng wèi 承认chéng rèn chéng rèn 最终zuì zhōng zuì zhōng 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ 20182018 2018 nián nián 66 6 yuè yuè 通过tōng guò tōng guò 包含bāo hán bāo hán le le 意图yì tú yì tú // / 鲁莽lǔ mǎng lǔ mǎng 认定rèn dìng rèn dìng 要件yào jiàn yào jiàn zài zài 一定yí dìng yí dìng 程度chéng dù chéng dù shàng shàng 解决jiě jué jiě jué le le 意图yì tú yì tú 问题wèn tí wèn tí
The claim accurately describes the original proposal but does not acknowledge that the final law (passed June 2018) included intent/recklessness qualifications that somewhat addressed the no-intent problem.
核心hé xīn hé xīn 说法shuō fǎ shuō fǎ gāi gāi 法律fǎ lǜ fǎ lǜ duì duì 未经wèi jīng wèi jīng 授权shòu quán shòu quán 使用shǐ yòng shǐ yòng 国徽guó huī guó huī 包括bāo kuò bāo kuò 讽刺fěng cì fěng cì 内容nèi róng nèi róng 处以chǔ yǐ chǔ yǐ 22 2 nián nián 监禁jiān jìn jiān jìn qiě qiě 需要xū yào xū yào 意图yì tú yì tú huò huò 危害wēi hài wēi hài duì duì 最初zuì chū zuì chū 提案tí àn tí àn shì shì 准确zhǔn què zhǔn què de de dàn dàn duì duì 最终zuì zhōng zuì zhōng 立法lì fǎ lì fǎ 需要xū yào xū yào 细微xì wēi xì wēi 区分qū fēn qū fēn
The core claim—that the law could impose 2-year jail sentences for unauthorized Coat of Arms use, including satire without requiring intent or harm—was accurate for the initial proposal but requires nuance for the final legislation.
讽刺fěng cì fěng cì 豁免huò miǎn huò miǎn 确实què shí què shí 存在cún zài cún zài dàn dàn hěn hěn 薄弱bó ruò bó ruò 正如zhèng rú zhèng rú gāi gāi 说法shuō fǎ shuō fǎ 通过tōng guò tōng guò 强调qiáng diào qiáng diào "" " 包括bāo kuò bāo kuò 讽刺fěng cì fěng cì 网站wǎng zhàn wǎng zhàn "" " ér ér 隐含yǐn hán yǐn hán 指出zhǐ chū zhǐ chū de de
The satire exemption is present but weak, as the claim implicitly notes by emphasizing "including satirical websites."

📚 来源与引用 (6)

  1. 1
    Australian Government Wants to Give Satire The Boot

    Australian Government Wants to Give Satire The Boot

    The National Symbols Officer of Australia recently wrote to Juice Media, producers of Rap News and Honest Government Adverts, suggesting that its “use” of Australia’s coat of arms violated various Australian laws. This threat came despite the fact that Juice Media’s videos are clearly satire and no...

    Electronic Frontier Foundation
  2. 2
    Criminal Code Amendment (Impersonating a Commonwealth Body) Bill 2017

    Criminal Code Amendment (Impersonating a Commonwealth Body) Bill 2017

    Helpful information Text of bill First reading: Text of the bill as introduced into the Parliament Third reading: Prepared if the bill is amended by the house in which it was introduced. This version of the bill is then considered by the second house. As passed by

    Aph Gov
  3. 3
    legislation.gov.au

    Criminal Code Amendment (Impersonating a Commonwealth Body) Act 2018

    Federal Register of Legislation

  4. 4
    techdirt.com

    Australian Lawmakers Propose Outlawing Parody, Having A Sense Of Humor

    Techdirt

  5. 5
    The policing of Australian satire: why defamation is still no joke, despite recent law changes

    The policing of Australian satire: why defamation is still no joke, despite recent law changes

    Recent changes to defamation laws may give political commentators more room to manoeuvre, but up-and-coming satirists will still face challenges to safely practice their craft.

    The Conversation
  6. 6
    Using Symbols in Art - Flags, Coats of Arms and Money

    Using Symbols in Art - Flags, Coats of Arms and Money

    Symbols in art, such as trade marks or coats of arms, can be powerful tools to convey meaning. But the law restricts use of certain symbols. 

    Arts Law Centre of Australia

评分方法

1-3: 不实

事实错误或恶意捏造。

4-6: 部分属实

有一定真实性,但缺乏背景或有所偏颇。

7-9: 基本属实

仅有微小的技术性或措辞问题。

10: 准确

完全经过验证且客观公正。

方法论: 评分通过交叉参照政府官方记录、独立事实核查机构和原始文件确定。